Question 1

Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyl groups 
B) carbonyl groups 
C) carboxyl groups 
D) either carbonyl or carboxyl groups 
E) either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups 
A) hydroxyl groups 
B) carbonyl groups 
C) carboxyl groups 
D) either carbonyl or carboxyl groups 
E) either hydroxyl or carboxyl groups

Question 2

-The structure depicted in the above figure shows the

Accepted Answer

A) 1-4 linkage of the α glucose monomers of starch. 
B) 1-4 linkage of the β glucose monomers of cellulose. 
C) double-helical structure of a DNA molecule. 
D) α helix secondary structure of a polypeptide. 
E) β pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide. 
A) 1-4 linkage of the α glucose monomers of starch. 
B) 1-4 linkage of the β glucose monomers of cellulose. 
C) double-helical structure of a DNA molecule. 
D) α helix secondary structure of a polypeptide. 
E) β pleated sheet secondary structure of a polypeptide.

Question 3

Proteorhodopsin,a light driven proton pump,consists of a single polypeptide chain.What is the highest level of structure found in this protein?

Accepted Answer

A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary 
A) primary 
B) secondary 
C) tertiary 
D) quaternary 
E) quinary

Question 4

In a normal cellular protein,where would you expect to find a hydrophobic amino acid like valine?

Accepted Answer

A) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water 
B) on the exterior surface of the protein, interacting with water 
C) in the transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains 
D) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water, or in a transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains 
E) anywhere in the protein, with equal probability 
A) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water 
B) on the exterior surface of the protein, interacting with water 
C) in the transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains 
D) in the interior of the folded protein, away from water, or in a transmembrane portion interacting with lipid fatty acid chains 
E) anywhere in the protein, with equal probability

Question 5

There are 20 different amino acids.What makes one amino acid different from another?

Accepted Answer

A) different side chains (R groups)attached to a carboxyl carbon 
B) different side chains (R groups)attached to the amino groups 
C) different side chains (R groups)attached to an α carbon 
D) different structural and optical isomers 
E) different asymmetric carbons 
A) different side chains (R groups)attached to a carboxyl carbon 
B) different side chains (R groups)attached to the amino groups 
C) different side chains (R groups)attached to an α carbon 
D) different structural and optical isomers 
E) different asymmetric carbons

Question 6

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3',the other complementary strand would have the sequence

Accepted Answer

A) 5'TAACGT3'. 
B) 5'TGCAAT3'. 
C) 5'UAACGU3'. 
D) 3'UAACGU5'. 
E) 5'UGCAAU3'. 
A) 5'TAACGT3'. 
B) 5'TGCAAT3'. 
C) 5'UAACGU3'. 
D) 3'UAACGU5'. 
E) 5'UGCAAU3'.

Question 7

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all.
  
-Which of the following molecules has a functional group that frequently forms covalent bonds that maintain the tertiary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 7 
D) 8 
E) 9 
A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 7 
D) 8 
E) 9

Question 8

Misfolding of polypeptides is a serious problem in cells.Which of the following diseases are associated with an accumulation of misfolded polypeptides?

Accepted Answer

A) Alzheimer's only 
B) Parkinson's only 
C) diabetes mellitus only 
D) Alzheimer's and Parkinson's only 
E) Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and diabetes mellitus 
A) Alzheimer's only 
B) Parkinson's only 
C) diabetes mellitus only 
D) Alzheimer's and Parkinson's only 
E) Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and diabetes mellitus

Question 9

Which type of interaction stabilizes the α helix and the β pleated sheet structures of proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrophobic interactions 
B) disulphide bonds 
C) ionic bonds 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) peptide bonds 
A) hydrophobic interactions 
B) disulphide bonds 
C) ionic bonds 
D) hydrogen bonds 
E) peptide bonds

Question 10

On food packages,to what does the term insoluble fibre refer?

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose 
B) polypeptides 
C) starch 
D) amylopectin 
E) chitin 
A) cellulose 
B) polypeptides 
C) starch 
D) amylopectin 
E) chitin

Question 11

You have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulphur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals.What is the significance of this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) Cysteine residues are required for the formation of α-helices and β-pleated sheets. 
B) It will be important to include cysteine in the diet of the mice. 
C) Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structure. 
D) Cysteine causes bends, or angles to occur in the tertiary structure of proteins. 
E) This protein is likely to be less stable than other proteins to denaturation. 
A) Cysteine residues are required for the formation of α-helices and β-pleated sheets. 
B) It will be important to include cysteine in the diet of the mice. 
C) Cysteine residues are involved in disulfide bridges that help form tertiary structure. 
D) Cysteine causes bends, or angles to occur in the tertiary structure of proteins. 
E) This protein is likely to be less stable than other proteins to denaturation.

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

Molecules with which functional groups may form polymers via dehydration reactions?

-The structure depicted in the above figure shows the

Proteorhodopsin,a light driven proton pump,consists of a single polypeptide chain.What is the highest level of structure found in this protein?

In a normal cellular protein,where would you expect to find a hydrophobic amino acid like valine?

There are 20 different amino acids.What makes one amino acid different from another?

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the sequence of bases 5'ATTGCA3',the other complementary strand would have the sequence

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in the figure below.Each molecule may be used once,more than once,or not at all. -Which of the following molecules has a functional group that frequently forms covalent bonds that maintain the tertiary structure of a protein?

Misfolding of polypeptides is a serious problem in cells.Which of the following diseases are associated with an accumulation of misfolded polypeptides?

Which type of interaction stabilizes the α helix and the β pleated sheet structures of proteins?

On food packages,to what does the term insoluble fibre refer?

You have just sequenced a new protein found in mice and observe that sulphur-containing cysteine residues occur at regular intervals.What is the significance of this finding?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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