Exam 1: Introduction and Methods of Research

A proband is ______.

In a correlational study, when one variable increases as a second variable decreases, there is a _______ correlation between them.

In 1963, community mental health centers (CHMCs) were established nationwide under a Congressional policy known as ______.

Fear of witches reached its height during the ______.

Research in the field of abnormal psychology is based on the application of ______.

Most scholars today believe that accusations of witchcraft during the Middle Ages and Renaissance were _______.

Before Hippocrates, the ancient Greeks believed that abnormal behavior, or madness, resulted from ______.

The degree to which treatment effects in an experiment can be accounted for by the theoretical mechanisms represented in the independent variables is called _______.

Our actual, expressed traits are called our ______.

Emil Kraepelin identified the group of diseases he called "dementia praecox," which we now call ______.

In an experiment, apparent treatment effects can stem from subjects' expectations.

The man considered to be the "father" of American psychiatry is ______.

In naturalistic observation, scientists make every effort to be obtrusive.

A statistical measure of the association between two variables is a(n) ______.

The behavior confessed by supposed "witches" was often akin to modern conceptualizations of _________, although it was likely that such confessions resulted from the effects of torture.

Explain why critical thinking is important in the study of abnormal psychology, and briefly describe 7 key features of critical thinking.

Jerry and Stanley are non-twin brothers; they would have a______ percent overlap in genetic heritage.

Many people today argue that homosexuality should be considered a normal variation in behavior.

Until the physician Galen found that arteries carried blood, it was thought by most people that they carried ______.

Correlational studies can prove _______.