Exam 1: Introduction and Methods of Research

The research technique in which scientists seek to uncover cause-and-effect relationships by directly manipulating independent variables and observing the effects on dependent variables is the ______ method.

We tend to characterize behavior we do not understand as "sick."

Which of the following statements is true?

According to the medical model, people behaving abnormally _______.

In judging whether a person's behavior is socially unacceptable or violates social norms, clinicians must take into account ______.

Researchers using correlational methods have found consistently significant positive correlations between depression and negative thinking. What conclusions can you draw From these studies?

Broadly speaking, a(n) ______ is a trial or test of a hypothesis.

General paresis is a result of the advanced stages of ___________________.

The advent of phenothiazines was seen as instrumental in ____________.

Hippocrates argued that illnesses of the body and mind were the result of possession by supernatural spirits.

Nearly one in ______ Americans is directly affected by a diagnosable mental illness at some point in their lives.

A researcher sets up an experiment that will give subjects a double dose of treatment in an A-B-A-B pattern. This pattern of treatment is known as a _______ design.

Anxiety and depression are always abnormal responses to one's situation.

Jack conducts a study on drinking habits among college students. Since there are too many college students for him to directly observe all of them, he randomly selects a Group of 250 college students to represent all college students. Jack's study finds That 90 percent of college students drink regularly, and 10 percent of those who drink will Eventually become alcoholics. In this study, the 250 people that Jack actually observes Represent the research _______.

In an experiment, the suspected causal variables that are manipulated by the experimenter are known as ______ variables.

The 21-year-old woman treated by Breuer in a classic case of hysteria was ______.

Discuss the value and limitations of longitudinal research.

Ellen decides to study overweight people. She designs her study so that she will observe overweight and normal people eating in restaurants to see if there are differences in what They order, how quickly they eat, and how much they eat. The diners will not know they Are being observed. Ellen's research design employs the ______ method.

Discuss the objectives of a scientific approach to the study of abnormal behavior.

Which of the following is one of the criteria for determining abnormal behavior as presented in the text?