Question 1

Describe three ways that DNA mutations can alter the protein product.

Accepted Answer

1. Missense mutations: These mutations occur when a single nucleotide change results in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein sequence. This can alter the structure and function of the protein.

2. Nonsense mutations: These mutations introduce a premature stop codon into the DNA sequence, resulting in the production of a truncated and often non-functional protein.

3. Frameshift mutations: These mutations occur when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame. This can lead to a completely different protein sequence being produced, often resulting in a non-functional protein.

Question 2

Which one of the following statements about genomic imprinting is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The DNA changes involved are reversible. 
B)  It is considered an "epigenetic" change. 
C)  It can occur in any gene. 
D)  It takes place during gamete formation or early embryonic development. 
E)  It affects the expression of a gene, not the gene itself. 
A)  The DNA changes involved are reversible. 
B)  It is considered an "epigenetic" change. 
C)  It can occur in any gene. 
D)  It takes place during gamete formation or early embryonic development. 
E)  It affects the expression of a gene, not the gene itself. C

Question 3

Thymine dimers

Accepted Answer

A)  involve mutations in purines. 
B)  involve adjacent nucleotides in the DNA. 
C)  result from exposure to chemicals. 
D)  do not alter the structure of DNA. 
E)  are formed by exposure to hydroxyurea. 
A)  involve mutations in purines. 
B)  involve adjacent nucleotides in the DNA. 
C)  result from exposure to chemicals. 
D)  do not alter the structure of DNA. 
E)  are formed by exposure to hydroxyurea. A

Question 4

It is possible to have a mutation in a gene that produces no change whatsoever in the protein coded for by that gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In disorders caused by multiple trinucleotide repeats, the more repeats there are the later the symptoms of the disorder become manifested.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Frameshift mutations include nucleotide substitutions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The ability of DNA polymerase to repair its own nucleotide mismatches is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability of DNA polymerase to repair...

Question 8

The largest source of radiation people are exposed to in the United States is from _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  medical X-rays 
B)  cosmic rays 
C)  consumer products 
D)  radon 
E)  nuclear medicine 
A)  medical X-rays 
B)  cosmic rays 
C)  consumer products 
D)  radon 
E)  nuclear medicine

Question 9

Describe the DNA mutation in fragile-X syndrome and how it changes from generation to generation.

Accepted Answer

Fragile-X syndrome is caused by a mutati

Question 10

The base analog, 5-bromouracil substitutes for the nucleotide base, _____________, in a DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The base analog, 5-bromouracil substitutes for the...

Question 11

Nonsense mutations are mutations caused by nucleotide substitutions that change one amino acid into another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Radiation from natural sources (as opposed to sources resulting from human activity) is called ____________________ radiation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Radiation from natural sources (as opposed to...

Question 13

Common foods that we eat may contain mutagens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The chemical group associated with epigenetic changes to our genome is the _________ group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The chemical group associated with epigenetic changes...

Question 15

A ____________________ heterozygote is an individual with two different mutant alleles of a gene.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ____________________ heterozygote is an individual with...

Question 16

A protein encoding region of a gene has the following DNA sequence: GTAGCGTCACAAACAAATCAGCTC. Determine how the final protein product would be altered by each of the following mutations.
a. Substitution of a T for the C in the 10th base.
b. Substitution of a G for the C in the 21st base.
c. Insertion of a T between the fourth and fifth base.
d. Insertion of a GTA between the 12th and 13th base.
e. Deletion of the first base.

Accepted Answer

a. Substitution of a T for the C in the

Question 17

Compare the effects of nonsense mutations, sense mutations, nucleotide substitutions, and frameshift mutations on protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutations, sense mutations, nuc

Question 18

A mutation occurs that changes a C to a T in DNA such that, in the mRNA transcribed from this piece of DNA, a UGG codon is changed to UGA. This mutation is a

Accepted Answer

A)  substitution mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  nonsense mutation. 
D)  substitution mutation and a missense mutation. 
E)  substitution mutation and a nonsense mutation. 
A)  substitution mutation. 
B)  missense mutation. 
C)  nonsense mutation. 
D)  substitution mutation and a missense mutation. 
E)  substitution mutation and a nonsense mutation.

Question 19

The appearance of symptoms of a genetic disorder at earlier ages in succeeding generations is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The appearance of symptoms of a genetic...

Question 20

Some genes with a number of trinucleotide repeats significantly above normal produce a mutant phenotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Describe three ways that DNA mutations can alter the protein product.

Which one of the following statements about genomic imprinting is FALSE?

Thymine dimers

It is possible to have a mutation in a gene that produces no change whatsoever in the protein coded for by that gene.

In disorders caused by multiple trinucleotide repeats, the more repeats there are the later the symptoms of the disorder become manifested.

Frameshift mutations include nucleotide substitutions.

The ability of DNA polymerase to repair its own nucleotide mismatches is called ____________________.

The largest source of radiation people are exposed to in the United States is from _____________.

Describe the DNA mutation in fragile-X syndrome and how it changes from generation to generation.

The base analog, 5-bromouracil substitutes for the nucleotide base, _____________, in a DNA molecule.

Nonsense mutations are mutations caused by nucleotide substitutions that change one amino acid into another.

Radiation from natural sources (as opposed to sources resulting from human activity) is called ____________________ radiation.

Common foods that we eat may contain mutagens.

The chemical group associated with epigenetic changes to our genome is the _________ group.

A ____________________ heterozygote is an individual with two different mutant alleles of a gene.

Compare the effects of nonsense mutations, sense mutations, nucleotide substitutions, and frameshift mutations on protein synthesis.

A mutation occurs that changes a C to a T in DNA such that, in the mRNA transcribed from this piece of DNA, a UGG codon is changed to UGA. This mutation is a

The appearance of symptoms of a genetic disorder at earlier ages in succeeding generations is ____________________.

Some genes with a number of trinucleotide repeats significantly above normal produce a mutant phenotype.

A Perspective on Human Genetics

Cells and Cell Division

Transmission of Genes From Generation to Generation

Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Cytogenetics: Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations

Development and Sex Determination

DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization

Gene Expression: From Genes to Proteins

From Proteins to Phenotypes

Genes and Cancer

An Introduction to Genetic Technology

Biotechnology and Society

Genomes and Genomics

Reproductive Technology, Genetic Testing, and Gene Therapy

Genes and the Immune System

Genetics of Behavior

Population Genetics and Human Evolution

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Exam 11: Mutation: the Source of Genetic Variation

Describe three ways that DNA mutations can alter the protein product.

Which one of the following statements about genomic imprinting is FALSE?

Thymine dimers

It is possible to have a mutation in a gene that produces no change whatsoever in the protein coded for by that gene.

In disorders caused by multiple trinucleotide repeats, the more repeats there are the later the symptoms of the disorder become manifested.

Frameshift mutations include nucleotide substitutions.

The ability of DNA polymerase to repair its own nucleotide mismatches is called ____________________.

The largest source of radiation people are exposed to in the United States is from _____________.

Describe the DNA mutation in fragile-X syndrome and how it changes from generation to generation.

The base analog, 5-bromouracil substitutes for the nucleotide base, _____________, in a DNA molecule.

Nonsense mutations are mutations caused by nucleotide substitutions that change one amino acid into another.

Radiation from natural sources (as opposed to sources resulting from human activity) is called ____________________ radiation.

Common foods that we eat may contain mutagens.

The chemical group associated with epigenetic changes to our genome is the _________ group.

A ____________________ heterozygote is an individual with two different mutant alleles of a gene.

Compare the effects of nonsense mutations, sense mutations, nucleotide substitutions, and frameshift mutations on protein synthesis.

A mutation occurs that changes a C to a T in DNA such that, in the mRNA transcribed from this piece of DNA, a UGG codon is changed to UGA. This mutation is a

The appearance of symptoms of a genetic disorder at earlier ages in succeeding generations is ____________________.

Some genes with a number of trinucleotide repeats significantly above normal produce a mutant phenotype.

A Perspective on Human Genetics

Cells and Cell Division

Transmission of Genes From Generation to Generation

Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Cytogenetics: Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations

Development and Sex Determination

DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization

Gene Expression: From Genes to Proteins

From Proteins to Phenotypes

Genes and Cancer

An Introduction to Genetic Technology

Biotechnology and Society

Genomes and Genomics

Reproductive Technology, Genetic Testing, and Gene Therapy

Genes and the Immune System

Genetics of Behavior

Population Genetics and Human Evolution

Filters