Question 1

How are association studies different from the typical studies, which attempt to link a DNA marker to a trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different types of DNA markers are employed. 
B)  More DNA markers are analyzed simultaneously. 
C)  Unrelated individuals are studied rather than families. 
D)  Much larger family groups over more generations are studied. 
E)  A broader description of the trait is employed. 
A)  Different types of DNA markers are employed. 
B)  More DNA markers are analyzed simultaneously. 
C)  Unrelated individuals are studied rather than families. 
D)  Much larger family groups over more generations are studied. 
E)  A broader description of the trait is employed. C

Question 2

A 15 percent concordance rate in MZ twins, with a 8 percent rate in same-sex DZ twins, indicates that genes play a major role in a trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Outline some of the difficulties in studying the genetics of human behavior traits.

Accepted Answer

Studying the genetics of human behavior traits presents several challenges. One difficulty is the complex nature of behavior, which is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors. It can be challenging to isolate the specific genetic components that contribute to a particular behavior trait when so many other variables are at play.

Additionally, ethical considerations come into play when studying the genetics of human behavior. There are concerns about the potential for stigmatization or discrimination based on genetic predispositions for certain behaviors. This raises questions about consent, privacy, and the responsible use of genetic information.

Another challenge is the lack of clear-cut genetic markers for behavior traits. Unlike physical traits such as eye color or height, behavior traits are often influenced by multiple genes, each with a small effect. This makes it difficult to pinpoint specific genetic variations that are associated with complex behaviors.

Furthermore, the field of behavioral genetics is still relatively young, and there is much that remains unknown about the genetic underpinnings of human behavior. Research in this area is constantly evolving, and new methodologies and technologies are needed to better understand the genetic basis of behavior traits.

Overall, studying the genetics of human behavior traits is a complex and multifaceted endeavor that requires careful consideration of ethical, methodological, and scientific challenges.

Question 4

The phenotype in many human behavioral traits are

Accepted Answer

A)  due to minor genes with no single gene having a major effect. 
B)  due solely to environment. 
C)  due to environmental interaction and several genes. 
D)  due to minor genes with no single gene having a major effect and due to environmental interaction and several genes only. 
E)  due solely to environment and due to environmental interaction and several genes only. 
A)  due to minor genes with no single gene having a major effect. 
B)  due solely to environment. 
C)  due to environmental interaction and several genes. 
D)  due to minor genes with no single gene having a major effect and due to environmental interaction and several genes only. 
E)  due solely to environment and due to environmental interaction and several genes only.

Question 5

The lesions in the brains of people with Alzheimer disease are caused by a protein fragment called ___________________.

Accepted Answer

amyloid be

Question 6

The only gene that has been positively identified with the onset of Alzheimer disease encodes a protein that ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is involved in cholesterol metabolism 
B)  breaks down neurotransmitters 
C)  maintains the health of striatum cells 
D)  attaches amino acids to tRNA molecules 
E)  breaks down fatty deposits around neurons 
A)  is involved in cholesterol metabolism 
B)  breaks down neurotransmitters 
C)  maintains the health of striatum cells 
D)  attaches amino acids to tRNA molecules 
E)  breaks down fatty deposits around neurons

Question 7

The environmental contribution to bipolar disorder is most likely, at least in part, based on _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prenatal exposure to toxic chemicals 
B)  overexposure to UV light 
C)  mutagens that damage DNA repair enzymes 
D)  epigenetic changes involving methylation and demethylation 
E)  childhood abuse 
A)  prenatal exposure to toxic chemicals 
B)  overexposure to UV light 
C)  mutagens that damage DNA repair enzymes 
D)  epigenetic changes involving methylation and demethylation 
E)  childhood abuse

Question 8

Which of the following proteins is NOT involved with Huntington disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntingtin 
B)  Rhes 
C)  BDNF 
D)  MAOA 
E)  All of these are proteins involved in Huntington disease 
A)  Huntingtin 
B)  Rhes 
C)  BDNF 
D)  MAOA 
E)  All of these are proteins involved in Huntington disease

Question 9

Some have proposed that alcoholism is not a specific trait but only one manifestation of a trait called "addictive personality" that would include other drug addictions and habits. What have you learned about alcoholism that would make this proposal seem reasonable? How could research on alcoholism be changed to test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Alcoholism is a complex and multifaceted

Question 10

An early model of bipolar illness postulated that a single gene was responsible for the phenotype. This led to the "discovery" of a locus on chromosome 11 thought to be the gene responsible for this behavioral abnormality. Further work caused the retraction of this discovery, but the issues raised in this case have not been fully resolved. What are the problems associated with a single gene model, and how do they affect the search for the gene?

Accepted Answer

The problems associated with a single ge

Question 11

Linkage studies are sufficient to establish the genetic basis of a behavioral trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following conditions is best described by a polygenic model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Huntington disease 
B)  Lesch-Nyhan syndrome 
C)  Schizophrenia 
D)  Fragile-X syndrome 
E)  More than one of these 
A)  Huntington disease 
B)  Lesch-Nyhan syndrome 
C)  Schizophrenia 
D)  Fragile-X syndrome 
E)  More than one of these

Question 13

Studies of CNVs (copy number variations) reveal that schizophrenia and autism may be ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same disorder 
B)  opposite faces of the same disorder 
C)  always inherited together 
D)  linked to bipolar disorder 
E)  X-linked dominant disorders 
A)  the same disorder 
B)  opposite faces of the same disorder 
C)  always inherited together 
D)  linked to bipolar disorder 
E)  X-linked dominant disorders

Question 14

Transgenic mice carrying a mutant human SOD1 gene are used as models to study ____________________.

Accepted Answer

amyotrophi

Question 15

The FOXP2 gene encodes a transcription factor and has been shown to be important for ______________ development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The FOXP2 gene encodes a transcription factor...

Question 16

A pattern of earlier onset of a disease along with more severe symptoms is called ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pattern of earlier onset of a...

Question 17

Alleles at different loci can interact in a non-additive fashion in some behavioral traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The FOXP2 gene that has been associated with a language disorder codes for a ____________________, which is a protein that switches on genes.

Accepted Answer

Transcript

Question 19

For which of the following diseases would animal models likely yield the most information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcoholism 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Bipolar disorder 
D)  Huntington disease 
E)  PKU 
A)  Alcoholism 
B)  Schizophrenia 
C)  Bipolar disorder 
D)  Huntington disease 
E)  PKU

Question 20

Amyloid plaques are routinely found in many brains but are much more common in the brains of people who have ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Amyloid plaques are routinely found in many...

How are association studies different from the typical studies, which attempt to link a DNA marker to a trait?

A 15 percent concordance rate in MZ twins, with a 8 percent rate in same-sex DZ twins, indicates that genes play a major role in a trait.

Outline some of the difficulties in studying the genetics of human behavior traits.

The phenotype in many human behavioral traits are

The lesions in the brains of people with Alzheimer disease are caused by a protein fragment called ___________________.

The only gene that has been positively identified with the onset of Alzheimer disease encodes a protein that ___________________.

The environmental contribution to bipolar disorder is most likely, at least in part, based on _____________.

Which of the following proteins is NOT involved with Huntington disease?

Linkage studies are sufficient to establish the genetic basis of a behavioral trait.

Which of the following conditions is best described by a polygenic model?

Studies of CNVs (copy number variations) reveal that schizophrenia and autism may be ______________.

Transgenic mice carrying a mutant human SOD1 gene are used as models to study ____________________.

The FOXP2 gene encodes a transcription factor and has been shown to be important for ______________ development.

A pattern of earlier onset of a disease along with more severe symptoms is called ________________.

Alleles at different loci can interact in a non-additive fashion in some behavioral traits.

The FOXP2 gene that has been associated with a language disorder codes for a ____________________, which is a protein that switches on genes.

For which of the following diseases would animal models likely yield the most information?

Amyloid plaques are routinely found in many brains but are much more common in the brains of people who have ____________________.

A Perspective on Human Genetics

Cells and Cell Division

Transmission of Genes From Generation to Generation

Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Cytogenetics: Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations

Development and Sex Determination

DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization

Gene Expression: From Genes to Proteins

From Proteins to Phenotypes

Mutation: the Source of Genetic Variation

Genes and Cancer

An Introduction to Genetic Technology

Biotechnology and Society

Genomes and Genomics

Reproductive Technology, Genetic Testing, and Gene Therapy

Genes and the Immune System

Population Genetics and Human Evolution

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Exam 18: Genetics of Behavior

How are association studies different from the typical studies, which attempt to link a DNA marker to a trait?

A 15 percent concordance rate in MZ twins, with a 8 percent rate in same-sex DZ twins, indicates that genes play a major role in a trait.

Outline some of the difficulties in studying the genetics of human behavior traits.

The phenotype in many human behavioral traits are

The lesions in the brains of people with Alzheimer disease are caused by a protein fragment called ___________________.

The only gene that has been positively identified with the onset of Alzheimer disease encodes a protein that ___________________.

The environmental contribution to bipolar disorder is most likely, at least in part, based on _____________.

Which of the following proteins is NOT involved with Huntington disease?

Linkage studies are sufficient to establish the genetic basis of a behavioral trait.

Which of the following conditions is best described by a polygenic model?

Studies of CNVs (copy number variations) reveal that schizophrenia and autism may be ______________.

Transgenic mice carrying a mutant human SOD1 gene are used as models to study ____________________.

The FOXP2 gene encodes a transcription factor and has been shown to be important for ______________ development.

A pattern of earlier onset of a disease along with more severe symptoms is called ________________.

Alleles at different loci can interact in a non-additive fashion in some behavioral traits.

The FOXP2 gene that has been associated with a language disorder codes for a ____________________, which is a protein that switches on genes.

For which of the following diseases would animal models likely yield the most information?

Amyloid plaques are routinely found in many brains but are much more common in the brains of people who have ____________________.

A Perspective on Human Genetics

Cells and Cell Division

Transmission of Genes From Generation to Generation

Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Cytogenetics: Karyotypes and Chromosome Aberrations

Development and Sex Determination

DNA Structure and Chromosomal Organization

Gene Expression: From Genes to Proteins

From Proteins to Phenotypes

Mutation: the Source of Genetic Variation

Genes and Cancer

An Introduction to Genetic Technology

Biotechnology and Society

Genomes and Genomics

Reproductive Technology, Genetic Testing, and Gene Therapy

Genes and the Immune System

Population Genetics and Human Evolution

Filters