Question 1

E. coli contains about _______ different tRNAs that code for _______ different amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  62; 40 
B)  62; 20 
C)  50; 20 
D)  40; 20 
A)  62; 40 
B)  62; 20 
C)  50; 20 
D)  40; 20

Question 2

Ferritin expression is stimulated by iron because iron

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates a protein to bind the ferritin mRNA and inhibit its degradation. 
B)  stimulates the dissociation of a translational inhibitor from the ferritin mRNA. 
C)  binding stabilizes the ferritin protein. 
D)  stimulates the extension of poly-A tails of ferritin mRNAs. 
A)  stimulates a protein to bind the ferritin mRNA and inhibit its degradation. 
B)  stimulates the dissociation of a translational inhibitor from the ferritin mRNA. 
C)  binding stabilizes the ferritin protein. 
D)  stimulates the extension of poly-A tails of ferritin mRNAs.

Question 3

Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factors 2 and 2B (eIF2 and eIF2B)

Accepted Answer

A)  allows them to be recycled back to the ribosome. 
B)  allows them to initiate translation. 
C)  blocks their exchange of bound GDP for GTP. 
D)  blocks the addition of a terminal phosphate to the bound GDP. 
A)  allows them to be recycled back to the ribosome. 
B)  allows them to initiate translation. 
C)  blocks their exchange of bound GDP for GTP. 
D)  blocks the addition of a terminal phosphate to the bound GDP.

Question 4

What is meant by "third-codon wobble"?

Accepted Answer

Third-codon wobble refers to relaxed bas

Question 5

The first amino acid of eukaryotic polypeptides is

Accepted Answer

A)  the amino acid encoded by the first 5ʹ codon. 
B)  valine. 
C)  N-formylmethionine. 
D)  methionine. 
A)  the amino acid encoded by the first 5ʹ codon. 
B)  valine. 
C)  N-formylmethionine. 
D)  methionine.

Question 6

In proteasomes, ubiquitin

Accepted Answer

A)  is degraded. 
B)  is released and recycled. 
C)  is phosphorylated. 
D)  has a GTP group added. 
A)  is degraded. 
B)  is released and recycled. 
C)  is phosphorylated. 
D)  has a GTP group added.

Question 7

Two human diseases caused by aggregates of misfolded proteins are _______ and _______.

Accepted Answer

Alzheimer'

Question 8

The amount of a protein in a cell is regulated by the rate of

Accepted Answer

A)  translation of its mRNA only. 
B)  transcription of its gene and translation of its mRNA only. 
C)  translation of its mRNA and degradation of the protein only. 
D)  transcription of its gene, translation of its mRNA, and degradation of the protein. 
A)  translation of its mRNA only. 
B)  transcription of its gene and translation of its mRNA only. 
C)  translation of its mRNA and degradation of the protein only. 
D)  transcription of its gene, translation of its mRNA, and degradation of the protein.

Question 9

Which process is not a common lipid modification to proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  N-myristylation 
B)  Prenylation 
C)  GPI anchor addition 
D)  Glycosylation 
A)  N-myristylation 
B)  Prenylation 
C)  GPI anchor addition 
D)  Glycosylation

Question 10

The enzyme that catalyzes the breakage and reformation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues of proteins is _______.

Accepted Answer

protein di

Question 11

Of the 64 possible codons, _______ (number) are usually stop codons and the others code for amino acids.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the 64 possible codons, _______ (number)...

Question 12

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, such as scrapie, mad cow disease, Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, and kuru, are caused by an infectious agent known as a prion. Prions are composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  protein only. 
B)  protein and RNA. 
C)  protein and DNA. 
D)  RNA surrounded by a lipid-protein coat. 
A)  protein only. 
B)  protein and RNA. 
C)  protein and DNA. 
D)  RNA surrounded by a lipid-protein coat.

Question 13

The half-lives of proteins in the cell vary widely, ranging from

Accepted Answer

A)  milliseconds to seconds. 
B)  three to seven minutes. 
C)  minutes to days. 
D)  days to weeks. 
A)  milliseconds to seconds. 
B)  three to seven minutes. 
C)  minutes to days. 
D)  days to weeks.

Question 14

Which of the following groups anchors proteins to the outer surface of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myristate 
B)  Farnesyl 
C)  Palmitate 
D)  Glycolipid 
A)  Myristate 
B)  Farnesyl 
C)  Palmitate 
D)  Glycolipid

Question 15

A protein that becomes marked in a sequence called the destruction box and is degraded by proteasomes is

Accepted Answer

A)  tubulin. 
B)  cyclin. 
C)  Ras. 
D)  cAMP-dependent protein kinase. 
A)  tubulin. 
B)  cyclin. 
C)  Ras. 
D)  cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

Question 16

cAMP activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating its phosphorylation. 
B)  stimulating the dimerization of kinase subunits. 
C)  stimulating the release of a translational inhibitory protein bound to its mRNA. 
D)  binding regulatory subunits and inducing their release from the catalytic subunits. 
A)  stimulating its phosphorylation. 
B)  stimulating the dimerization of kinase subunits. 
C)  stimulating the release of a translational inhibitory protein bound to its mRNA. 
D)  binding regulatory subunits and inducing their release from the catalytic subunits.

Question 17

Which of the following amino acids is not commonly phosphorylated to regulate protein activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Serine 
B)  Threonine 
C)  Tryptophan 
D)  Tyrosine 
A)  Serine 
B)  Threonine 
C)  Tryptophan 
D)  Tyrosine

Question 18

Many cellular proteins are regulated by the level of phosphorylation of certain amino acids. The level of phosphorylation results from the opposing actions of two types of enzymes, protein _______ and protein _______.

Accepted Answer

kinases; p

Question 19

Sixty-four different codons translate into only 20 amino acids. How are tRNAs adapted to address this?

Accepted Answer

The genetic code is redundant, meaning t

Question 20

Which protein is inhibited when bound to its regulatory subunit(s) but becomes active when free?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cAMP-dependent protein kinase 
C)  Protein kinase C 
D)  Phosphorylase kinase 
A)  Adenylyl cyclase 
B)  cAMP-dependent protein kinase 
C)  Protein kinase C 
D)  Phosphorylase kinase

E. coli contains about _ different tRNAs that code for _ different amino acids.

Ferritin expression is stimulated by iron because iron

Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factors 2 and 2B (eIF2 and eIF2B)

What is meant by "third-codon wobble"?

The first amino acid of eukaryotic polypeptides is

In proteasomes, ubiquitin

Two human diseases caused by aggregates of misfolded proteins are _ and _.

The amount of a protein in a cell is regulated by the rate of

Which process is not a common lipid modification to proteins?

The enzyme that catalyzes the breakage and reformation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues of proteins is _______.

Of the 64 possible codons, _______ (number) are usually stop codons and the others code for amino acids.

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, such as scrapie, mad cow disease, Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, and kuru, are caused by an infectious agent known as a prion. Prions are composed of

The half-lives of proteins in the cell vary widely, ranging from

Which of the following groups anchors proteins to the outer surface of the plasma membrane?

A protein that becomes marked in a sequence called the destruction box and is degraded by proteasomes is

cAMP activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase by

Which of the following amino acids is not commonly phosphorylated to regulate protein activity?

Many cellular proteins are regulated by the level of phosphorylation of certain amino acids. The level of phosphorylation results from the opposing actions of two types of enzymes, protein _ and protein _.

Sixty-four different codons translate into only 20 amino acids. How are tRNAs adapted to address this?

Which protein is inhibited when bound to its regulatory subunit(s) but becomes active when free?

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters

Exam 10: Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

E. coli contains about _______ different tRNAs that code for _______ different amino acids.

Ferritin expression is stimulated by iron because iron

Phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factors 2 and 2B (eIF2 and eIF2B)

What is meant by "third-codon wobble"?

The first amino acid of eukaryotic polypeptides is

In proteasomes, ubiquitin

Two human diseases caused by aggregates of misfolded proteins are _______ and _______.

The amount of a protein in a cell is regulated by the rate of

Which process is not a common lipid modification to proteins?

The enzyme that catalyzes the breakage and reformation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues of proteins is _______.

Of the 64 possible codons, _______ (number) are usually stop codons and the others code for amino acids.

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, such as scrapie, mad cow disease, Creutzfeldt Jakob disease, and kuru, are caused by an infectious agent known as a prion. Prions are composed of

The half-lives of proteins in the cell vary widely, ranging from

Which of the following groups anchors proteins to the outer surface of the plasma membrane?

A protein that becomes marked in a sequence called the destruction box and is degraded by proteasomes is

cAMP activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase by

Which of the following amino acids is not commonly phosphorylated to regulate protein activity?

Many cellular proteins are regulated by the level of phosphorylation of certain amino acids. The level of phosphorylation results from the opposing actions of two types of enzymes, protein _______ and protein _______.

Sixty-four different codons translate into only 20 amino acids. How are tRNAs adapted to address this?

Which protein is inhibited when bound to its regulatory subunit(s) but becomes active when free?

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters

E. coli contains about _ different tRNAs that code for _ different amino acids.

Two human diseases caused by aggregates of misfolded proteins are _ and _.

Many cellular proteins are regulated by the level of phosphorylation of certain amino acids. The level of phosphorylation results from the opposing actions of two types of enzymes, protein _ and protein _.