Question 1

Short segments of newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand of DNA are called

Accepted Answer

A)  Okazaki fragments. 
B)  replicons. 
C)  origins of replication. 
D)  lagging fragments. 
A)  Okazaki fragments. 
B)  replicons. 
C)  origins of replication. 
D)  lagging fragments. A

Question 2

Telomere sequences form loops at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following regions make up a mature immunoglobulin heavy chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  VDJC 
B)  VJC 
C)  VDJ 
D)  VDJR 
A)  VDJC 
B)  VJC 
C)  VDJ 
D)  VDJR A

Question 4

E. coli DNA polymerase V

Accepted Answer

A)  is induced in response to high temperatures. 
B)  recognizes thymine dimers and inserts nucleotides on the opposite strand. 
C)  has a low frequency of errors. 
D)  is activated during transcription. 
A)  is induced in response to high temperatures. 
B)  recognizes thymine dimers and inserts nucleotides on the opposite strand. 
C)  has a low frequency of errors. 
D)  is activated during transcription.

Question 5

Which of the following does not contribute to the large variety of antigen-binding specificities found among the immunoglobulins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recombination between different versions of V, D, and J segments 
B)  Somatic hypermutation 
C)  Imprecise joining of immunoglobulin segments 
D)  Retrotransposons 
A)  Recombination between different versions of V, D, and J segments 
B)  Somatic hypermutation 
C)  Imprecise joining of immunoglobulin segments 
D)  Retrotransposons

Question 6

Why are topoisomerases required in replication?

Accepted Answer

Topoisomerases are needed because as DNA

Question 7

A mutation in the enzyme _______ will block the separation of daughter chromatids in mitosis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mutation in the enzyme _______ will...

Question 8

The gene responsible for inherited breast cancer (BRCA2) encodes a protein that is involved in

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation of cell death by apoptosis. 
B)  regulation of cell proliferation. 
C)  repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination. 
D)  error-prone repair. 
A)  initiation of cell death by apoptosis. 
B)  regulation of cell proliferation. 
C)  repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination. 
D)  error-prone repair.

Question 9

Eukaryotic DNA polymerase ε

Accepted Answer

A)  is the polymerase for leading-strand replication. 
B)  is the polymerase for lagging-strand replication. 
C)  fills in the gaps between Okazaki fragments. 
D)  functions primarily in repair of DNA damage. 
A)  is the polymerase for leading-strand replication. 
B)  is the polymerase for lagging-strand replication. 
C)  fills in the gaps between Okazaki fragments. 
D)  functions primarily in repair of DNA damage.

Question 10

DNA polymerases cannot replicate DNA across from a site of DNA damage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Proofreading is done by DNA polymerases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Pyrimidine dimers cannot be copied by the normal action of DNA polymerases. Therefore, DNA replication would stop when the polymerase encounters one of these dimers. What mechanism have cells developed to deal with this damage when it is encountered during replication?

Accepted Answer

This type of repair is called translesio

Question 13

Estimates of mutation rates for a variety of genes indicate that the frequency of errors during replication is much lower than would be predicted on the basis of complementary base pairing. What accounts for the higher degree of fidelity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conformational changes in DNA polymerase 
B)  3ʹ to 5ʹ exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase 
C)  Requirement of a primer for DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Conformational changes in DNA polymerase 
B)  3ʹ to 5ʹ exonuclease activity of DNA polymerase 
C)  Requirement of a primer for DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase 
D)  All of the above

Question 14

In nucleotide-excision repair of thymine dimers, what is the correct order of enzymatic activity, following damage recognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Helicase $\rightarrow$ nuclease $\rightarrow$ligase $\rightarrow$polymerase 
B)  Nuclease $\rightarrow$helicase $\rightarrow$ligase $\rightarrow$polymerase 
C)  Nuclease $\rightarrow$ helicase $\rightarrow$ polymerase $\rightarrow$ ligase 
D)  Polymerase $\rightarrow$ helicase $\rightarrow$ ligase $\rightarrow$ nuclease 
A)  Helicase $\rightarrow$ nuclease $\rightarrow$ligase $\rightarrow$polymerase 
B)  Nuclease $\rightarrow$helicase $\rightarrow$ligase $\rightarrow$polymerase 
C)  Nuclease $\rightarrow$ helicase $\rightarrow$ polymerase $\rightarrow$ ligase 
D)  Polymerase $\rightarrow$ helicase $\rightarrow$ ligase $\rightarrow$ nuclease

Question 15

Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

During replication, _______ stabilize the unwound DNA template so it can be copied by the DNA polymerase.

Accepted Answer

A)  Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins 
B)  Helicases 
C)  PCNAs 
D)  Topoisomerases 
A)  Single-stranded DNA-binding proteins 
B)  Helicases 
C)  PCNAs 
D)  Topoisomerases

Question 17

UV irradiation often induces DNA damage in the form of pyrimidine dimers. Briefly describe the two mechanisms that cells have developed to repair this damage. Which mechanism is lacking in humans?

Accepted Answer

The most direct process is photoreactiva

Question 18

In E. coli, the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication is DNA polymerase

Accepted Answer

A) $ \Iota$ 
B)  $ \Iota$$ \Iota$ 
C)  $ \Iota$$ \Iota$$ \Iota$ 
D)  $\alpha$ 
A) $ \Iota$ 
B)  $ \Iota$$ \Iota$ 
C)  $ \Iota$$ \Iota$$ \Iota$ 
D)  $\alpha$

Question 19

The human disease in which affected individuals are extremely sensitive to sunlight and develop multiple skin cancers on exposed areas is called

Accepted Answer

A)  melanoma. 
B)  zero pigment disease. 
C)  xeroderma pigmentosum. 
D)  Cockayne's syndrome. 
A)  melanoma. 
B)  zero pigment disease. 
C)  xeroderma pigmentosum. 
D)  Cockayne's syndrome.

Question 20

Repair of double-strand breaks in DNA caused by ionizing radiation often leads to the loss of _______ around the site of damage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Repair of double-strand breaks in DNA caused...

Short segments of newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand of DNA are called

Telomere sequences form loops at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Which of the following regions make up a mature immunoglobulin heavy chain?

E. coli DNA polymerase V

Which of the following does not contribute to the large variety of antigen-binding specificities found among the immunoglobulins?

Why are topoisomerases required in replication?

A mutation in the enzyme _______ will block the separation of daughter chromatids in mitosis.

The gene responsible for inherited breast cancer (BRCA2) encodes a protein that is involved in

Eukaryotic DNA polymerase ε

DNA polymerases cannot replicate DNA across from a site of DNA damage.

Proofreading is done by DNA polymerases.

Pyrimidine dimers cannot be copied by the normal action of DNA polymerases. Therefore, DNA replication would stop when the polymerase encounters one of these dimers. What mechanism have cells developed to deal with this damage when it is encountered during replication?

Estimates of mutation rates for a variety of genes indicate that the frequency of errors during replication is much lower than would be predicted on the basis of complementary base pairing. What accounts for the higher degree of fidelity?

In nucleotide-excision repair of thymine dimers, what is the correct order of enzymatic activity, following damage recognition?

Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase.

During replication, _______ stabilize the unwound DNA template so it can be copied by the DNA polymerase.

UV irradiation often induces DNA damage in the form of pyrimidine dimers. Briefly describe the two mechanisms that cells have developed to repair this damage. Which mechanism is lacking in humans?

In E. coli, the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication is DNA polymerase

The human disease in which affected individuals are extremely sensitive to sunlight and develop multiple skin cancers on exposed areas is called

Repair of double-strand breaks in DNA caused by ionizing radiation often leads to the loss of _______ around the site of damage.

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

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Exam 7: Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

Short segments of newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand of DNA are called

Telomere sequences form loops at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes.

Which of the following regions make up a mature immunoglobulin heavy chain?

E. coli DNA polymerase V

Which of the following does not contribute to the large variety of antigen-binding specificities found among the immunoglobulins?

Why are topoisomerases required in replication?

A mutation in the enzyme _______ will block the separation of daughter chromatids in mitosis.

The gene responsible for inherited breast cancer (BRCA2) encodes a protein that is involved in

Eukaryotic DNA polymerase ε

DNA polymerases cannot replicate DNA across from a site of DNA damage.

Proofreading is done by DNA polymerases.

Pyrimidine dimers cannot be copied by the normal action of DNA polymerases. Therefore, DNA replication would stop when the polymerase encounters one of these dimers. What mechanism have cells developed to deal with this damage when it is encountered during replication?

Estimates of mutation rates for a variety of genes indicate that the frequency of errors during replication is much lower than would be predicted on the basis of complementary base pairing. What accounts for the higher degree of fidelity?

In nucleotide-excision repair of thymine dimers, what is the correct order of enzymatic activity, following damage recognition?

Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase.

During replication, _______ stabilize the unwound DNA template so it can be copied by the DNA polymerase.

UV irradiation often induces DNA damage in the form of pyrimidine dimers. Briefly describe the two mechanisms that cells have developed to repair this damage. Which mechanism is lacking in humans?

In E. coli, the major enzyme responsible for DNA replication is DNA polymerase

The human disease in which affected individuals are extremely sensitive to sunlight and develop multiple skin cancers on exposed areas is called

Repair of double-strand breaks in DNA caused by ionizing radiation often leads to the loss of _______ around the site of damage.

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters