Question 1

The first amino acid that initiates the eukaryotic polypeptide is

Accepted Answer

A)  any amino acid. 
B)  glutamine. 
C)  methionine. 
D)  N-formylmethionine. 
A)  any amino acid. 
B)  glutamine. 
C)  methionine. 
D)  N-formylmethionine.

Question 2

To function as a repressor-binding site, the iron response element (IRE) must be within the first 70 nucleotides of the ferritin mRNA. This suggests that protein binding to this IRE

Accepted Answer

A)  regulates message degradation. 
B)  interferes with the 5ʹ cap binding to the ribosome. 
C)  blocks the translation start site. 
D)  inhibits the binding of eEF2. 
A)  regulates message degradation. 
B)  interferes with the 5ʹ cap binding to the ribosome. 
C)  blocks the translation start site. 
D)  inhibits the binding of eEF2.

Question 3

Prior to N-linked glycosylation of a protein, a complex oligosaccharide is assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum on a lipid carrier called

Accepted Answer

A)  a prenyl group. 
B)  myristic acid. 
C)  dolichol phosphate. 
D)  phosphatidylinositol. 
A)  a prenyl group. 
B)  myristic acid. 
C)  dolichol phosphate. 
D)  phosphatidylinositol.

Question 4

Which statement about translational regulation of ferritin is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  The iron response element is a unique sequence of amino acids near the amino terminus of the growing polypeptide. 
B)  In the absence of iron, an iron regulatory protein binds the IRE, preventing translation. 
C)  In the presence of iron, the ferritin protein is translated. 
D)  The iron binding protein must bind the mRNA within about 70 bases of the 5ʹ mRNA cap. 
A)  The iron response element is a unique sequence of amino acids near the amino terminus of the growing polypeptide. 
B)  In the absence of iron, an iron regulatory protein binds the IRE, preventing translation. 
C)  In the presence of iron, the ferritin protein is translated. 
D)  The iron binding protein must bind the mRNA within about 70 bases of the 5ʹ mRNA cap.

Question 5

Peptide bond formation in translation occurs by

Accepted Answer

A)  an enzyme catalyzed reaction. 
B)  a tRNA catalyzed reaction. 
C)  a tRNA synthase catalyzed reaction. 
D)  an rRNA catalyzed reaction. 
A)  an enzyme catalyzed reaction. 
B)  a tRNA catalyzed reaction. 
C)  a tRNA synthase catalyzed reaction. 
D)  an rRNA catalyzed reaction.

Question 6

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are enzymes that

Accepted Answer

A)  synthesize transfer RNAs. 
B)  attach amino acids to specific transfer RNAs. 
C)  connect amino acids while they are held in place on ribosomes by transfer RNAs. 
D)  attach the terminal CCA sequence to transfer RNAs. 
A)  synthesize transfer RNAs. 
B)  attach amino acids to specific transfer RNAs. 
C)  connect amino acids while they are held in place on ribosomes by transfer RNAs. 
D)  attach the terminal CCA sequence to transfer RNAs.

Question 7

The primary function of rRNAs in the ribosome is to

Accepted Answer

A)  serve as a scaffold for the ribosomal proteins. 
B)  assist in the proper positioning of tRNAs along the mRNA template. 
C)  catalyze peptide bond formation. 
D)  assist in the proper folding of ribosomal proteins. 
A)  serve as a scaffold for the ribosomal proteins. 
B)  assist in the proper positioning of tRNAs along the mRNA template. 
C)  catalyze peptide bond formation. 
D)  assist in the proper folding of ribosomal proteins.

Question 8

Cells contain 64 tRNAs, with one anticodon for each codon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In cystic fibrosis patients, deletion of an amino acid (phenylalanine 508) in the CFTR protein

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupts the normal interactions of CFTR with chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to defective protein folding and reduced levels of functional CFTR in the plasma membranes of affected cells. 
B)  leads to misfolded proteins, which aggregate to form insoluble amyloid fibrils characterized by β-sheet structures. 
C)  precludes CFTR phosphorylation by a protein kinase, which is necessary for activation of this protein. 
D)  prevents ATP hydrolysis required for the active transport of Cl- by CFTR. 
A)  disrupts the normal interactions of CFTR with chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to defective protein folding and reduced levels of functional CFTR in the plasma membranes of affected cells. 
B)  leads to misfolded proteins, which aggregate to form insoluble amyloid fibrils characterized by β-sheet structures. 
C)  precludes CFTR phosphorylation by a protein kinase, which is necessary for activation of this protein. 
D)  prevents ATP hydrolysis required for the active transport of Cl- by CFTR.

Question 10

The adapters that align amino acids in a sequence determined by the mRNAs are called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The adapters that align amino acids in...

Question 11

Translation starts at a particular start codon near the _______ end of the mRNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Translation starts at a particular start codon...

Question 12

A complex of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF4E, eIF4G, eIF4A, and eIF4B) brings the mRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit and is thought to unwind base-paired structures in the mRNA to allow for the codon‒anticodon interactions necessary for translation of the message. What is the most likely reason that an equivalent activity is not present in prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

In prokaryotic cells the transcription a

Question 13

Protein synthesis occurs on RNA-protein complexes called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Protein synthesis occurs on RNA-protein complexes called...

Question 14

One molecule of GTP is split in the process of loading one amino acid onto its tRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The combined sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are

Accepted Answer

A)  the same. 
B)  30S and 50S, respectively. 
C)  40S and 60S, respectively. 
D)  70S and 80S, respectively. 
A)  the same. 
B)  30S and 50S, respectively. 
C)  40S and 60S, respectively. 
D)  70S and 80S, respectively.

Question 16

Nitrosylation occurs on the side chain of

Accepted Answer

A)  lysine. 
B)  cysteine. 
C)  tyrosine. 
D)  serine and threonine. 
A)  lysine. 
B)  cysteine. 
C)  tyrosine. 
D)  serine and threonine.

Question 17

Suppose that a single protein is significantly overexpressed in one of two different cell lines. The proteins are identical, but Northern blot analysis indicates that the mRNA for the protein in the overexpressing cell line is about 200 base pairs shorter. Subsequent reverse transcriptase PCR has revealed that the truncation occurs in the 3ʹ untranslated region. How might this lead to overexpression of the protein?

Accepted Answer

The 3ʹ UTR can serve several roles in re

Question 18

The proteins shaped like a "double chamber" that are involved in protein folding are called

Accepted Answer

A)  Hsp70 proteins. 
B)  protein disulfide isomerases. 
C)  chaperonin proteins. 
D)  peptidyl prolyl isomerases. 
A)  Hsp70 proteins. 
B)  protein disulfide isomerases. 
C)  chaperonin proteins. 
D)  peptidyl prolyl isomerases.

The first amino acid that initiates the eukaryotic polypeptide is

To function as a repressor-binding site, the iron response element (IRE) must be within the first 70 nucleotides of the ferritin mRNA. This suggests that protein binding to this IRE

Prior to N-linked glycosylation of a protein, a complex oligosaccharide is assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum on a lipid carrier called

Which statement about translational regulation of ferritin is false?

Peptide bond formation in translation occurs by

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are enzymes that

The primary function of rRNAs in the ribosome is to

Cells contain 64 tRNAs, with one anticodon for each codon.

In cystic fibrosis patients, deletion of an amino acid (phenylalanine 508) in the CFTR protein

The adapters that align amino acids in a sequence determined by the mRNAs are called _______.

Translation starts at a particular start codon near the _______ end of the mRNA.

Protein synthesis occurs on RNA-protein complexes called _______.

One molecule of GTP is split in the process of loading one amino acid onto its tRNA.

The combined sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are

Nitrosylation occurs on the side chain of

The proteins shaped like a "double chamber" that are involved in protein folding are called

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

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Exam 10: Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The first amino acid that initiates the eukaryotic polypeptide is

To function as a repressor-binding site, the iron response element (IRE) must be within the first 70 nucleotides of the ferritin mRNA. This suggests that protein binding to this IRE

Prior to N-linked glycosylation of a protein, a complex oligosaccharide is assembled in the endoplasmic reticulum on a lipid carrier called

Which statement about translational regulation of ferritin is false?

Peptide bond formation in translation occurs by

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are enzymes that

The primary function of rRNAs in the ribosome is to

Cells contain 64 tRNAs, with one anticodon for each codon.

In cystic fibrosis patients, deletion of an amino acid (phenylalanine 508) in the CFTR protein

The adapters that align amino acids in a sequence determined by the mRNAs are called _______.

Translation starts at a particular start codon near the _______ end of the mRNA.

Protein synthesis occurs on RNA-protein complexes called _______.

One molecule of GTP is split in the process of loading one amino acid onto its tRNA.

The combined sizes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic ribosomes are

Nitrosylation occurs on the side chain of

The proteins shaped like a "double chamber" that are involved in protein folding are called

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters