Question 1

Opponents of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain that its provisions would shift the burden of child rearing from the family to the state. 
B)  believe that investing in children yields valuable returns to a nation's economy. 
C)  are mostly located in war-torn nations. 
D)  argue that it should contain child abuse and neglect protections. 
A)  maintain that its provisions would shift the burden of child rearing from the family to the state. 
B)  believe that investing in children yields valuable returns to a nation's economy. 
C)  are mostly located in war-torn nations. 
D)  argue that it should contain child abuse and neglect protections.

Question 2

Which of the following is one way Great Britain used welfare policies to reduce its child poverty rate by more than half over the past decade?

Accepted Answer

A)  It initiated a minimum wage sufficient to cover a family's basic needs. 
B)  It instituted a 60-month lifetime cap on welfare benefits. 
C)  It only allows families to receive welfare benefits for 24 continuous months. 
D)  It completely eliminated government-funded preschool and child-care subsidies. 
A)  It initiated a minimum wage sufficient to cover a family's basic needs. 
B)  It instituted a 60-month lifetime cap on welfare benefits. 
C)  It only allows families to receive welfare benefits for 24 continuous months. 
D)  It completely eliminated government-funded preschool and child-care subsidies.

Question 3

Describe the dynamic systems perspective of child development.

Accepted Answer

According to the dynamic systems perspec

Question 4

The stage concept assumes that children

Accepted Answer

A)  gradually add more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with. 
B)  undergo a slow transformation as they step up from one stage to the next. 
C)  make fairly sudden and distinct changes as they grow. 
D)  think just as logically as adults do. 
A)  gradually add more of the same types of skills that were there to begin with. 
B)  undergo a slow transformation as they step up from one stage to the next. 
C)  make fairly sudden and distinct changes as they grow. 
D)  think just as logically as adults do.

Question 5

Vygotsky's theory differs from Piaget's theory in that Vygotsky

Accepted Answer

A)  believed that children are active, constructive beings. 
B)  believed that children undergo certain stagewise changes. 
C)  viewed cognitive development as taking place in universal stages. 
D)  viewed cognitive development as a socially mediated process. 
A)  believed that children are active, constructive beings. 
B)  believed that children undergo certain stagewise changes. 
C)  viewed cognitive development as taking place in universal stages. 
D)  viewed cognitive development as a socially mediated process.

Question 6

According to Freud, the superego strengthens during the __________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  oral 
B)  anal 
C)  phallic 
D)  latency 
A)  oral 
B)  anal 
C)  phallic 
D)  latency

Question 7

An organized family life

Accepted Answer

A)  is linked to economic disadvantage. 
B)  provides a supportive context for warm, involved parent-child interaction. 
C)  guarantees high IQ in offspring. 
D)  can stifle children's creativity and independence. 
A)  is linked to economic disadvantage. 
B)  provides a supportive context for warm, involved parent-child interaction. 
C)  guarantees high IQ in offspring. 
D)  can stifle children's creativity and independence.

Question 8

Which of the following factors contributed to the study of child development in the twentieth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The beginning of public education led to a demand for knowledge about what and how to teach children of different ages. 
B)  Parents were having more children and researchers became interested in the effects of family size on children's well-being. 
C)  Pediatricians were pressured by insurance companies to improve children's health, which inspired nutritional research. 
D)  High rates of childhood depression inspired new areas of research into children's anxieties and behavior problems. 
A)  The beginning of public education led to a demand for knowledge about what and how to teach children of different ages. 
B)  Parents were having more children and researchers became interested in the effects of family size on children's well-being. 
C)  Pediatricians were pressured by insurance companies to improve children's health, which inspired nutritional research. 
D)  High rates of childhood depression inspired new areas of research into children's anxieties and behavior problems.

Question 9

The most recent revision of Bandura's theory places such strong emphasis on how children think about themselves and other people that he calls it a __________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning 
B)  social-cognitive 
C)  behavior modification 
D)  psychosocial 
A)  social learning 
B)  social-cognitive 
C)  behavior modification 
D)  psychosocial

Question 10

According to B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling is the most powerful source of development. 
B)  the frequency of behavior can be increased by following it with reinforcers. 
C)  development is a discontinuous process. 
D)  children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore the world. 
A)  modeling is the most powerful source of development. 
B)  the frequency of behavior can be increased by following it with reinforcers. 
C)  development is a discontinuous process. 
D)  children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore the world.

Question 11

Eight-month-old Annabelle is not yet able to organize objects or remember and interpret experiences as an adult does because her development is

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous. 
B)  discontinuous. 
C)  stable. 
D)  plastic. 
A)  continuous. 
B)  discontinuous. 
C)  stable. 
D)  plastic.

Question 12

One important criticism of Piaget's theory is that

Accepted Answer

A)  he overestimated the competencies of infants and young children. 
B)  his stagewise account pays insufficient attention to social and cultural influences. 
C)  he overemphasized discovery learning and direct contact with the environment. 
D)  children's performance on Piagetian tasks cannot be improved with training. 
A)  he overestimated the competencies of infants and young children. 
B)  his stagewise account pays insufficient attention to social and cultural influences. 
C)  he overemphasized discovery learning and direct contact with the environment. 
D)  children's performance on Piagetian tasks cannot be improved with training.

Question 13

Public policy research shows that

Accepted Answer

A)  the United States has more public policies safeguarding children than any other developed nation. 
B)  extreme poverty is no longer a major problem among U.S. families with children. 
C)  U.S. public policies safeguarding children and youths lag behind policies in other developed nations. 
D)  the United States has an excellent system in place for guaranteeing high-quality child care to all citizens. 
A)  the United States has more public policies safeguarding children than any other developed nation. 
B)  extreme poverty is no longer a major problem among U.S. families with children. 
C)  U.S. public policies safeguarding children and youths lag behind policies in other developed nations. 
D)  the United States has an excellent system in place for guaranteeing high-quality child care to all citizens.

Question 14

Frequency of __________ is associated with reduced sexual risk taking, alcohol and drug use, and mental health problems in adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A)  family meals 
B)  extracurricular activities 
C)  peer interaction 
D)  parental communication 
A)  family meals 
B)  extracurricular activities 
C)  peer interaction 
D)  parental communication

Question 15

The concept of __________ is characteristic of __________ theories.

Accepted Answer

A)  nurture; continuous 
B)  context; nature 
C)  change; heredity 
D)  stages; discontinuous 
A)  nurture; continuous 
B)  context; nature 
C)  change; heredity 
D)  stages; discontinuous

Question 16

Mona's flexible work schedule indirectly enhances her children's development by allowing her time off for school activities and to care for sick children. This is an example of interactions within the

Accepted Answer

A)  microsystem. 
B)  mesosystem. 
C)  exosystem. 
D)  macrosystem. 
A)  microsystem. 
B)  mesosystem. 
C)  exosystem. 
D)  macrosystem.

Question 17

Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory views the child as

Accepted Answer

A)  a blank slate upon which adults and more experienced peers can write. 
B)  developing with a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment. 
C)  resembling our primate relatives in social behavior and emotional expression. 
D)  a biological organism with a highly plastic brain, especially open to growth and reorganization as a result of experience. 
A)  a blank slate upon which adults and more experienced peers can write. 
B)  developing with a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of the surrounding environment. 
C)  resembling our primate relatives in social behavior and emotional expression. 
D)  a biological organism with a highly plastic brain, especially open to growth and reorganization as a result of experience.

Question 18

Discuss the concepts of stability and plasticity with regard to individual differences among children.

Accepted Answer

A theory's position on the roles of natu

Question 19

According to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory,

Accepted Answer

A)  children's understanding is different from adults'. 
B)  development must be understood in relation to each child's culture. 
C)  children gradually develop adaptive behaviors. 
D)  rapid development occurs during a sensitive period. 
A)  children's understanding is different from adults'. 
B)  development must be understood in relation to each child's culture. 
C)  children gradually develop adaptive behaviors. 
D)  rapid development occurs during a sensitive period.

Question 20

A great strength of the information-processing approach is its commitment to

Accepted Answer

A)  fieldwork. 
B)  structured observations. 
C)  rigorous research methods. 
D)  clinical interviews. 
A)  fieldwork. 
B)  structured observations. 
C)  rigorous research methods. 
D)  clinical interviews.

Opponents of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

Which of the following is one way Great Britain used welfare policies to reduce its child poverty rate by more than half over the past decade?

Describe the dynamic systems perspective of child development.

The stage concept assumes that children

Vygotsky's theory differs from Piaget's theory in that Vygotsky

According to Freud, the superego strengthens during the __________ stage.

An organized family life

Which of the following factors contributed to the study of child development in the twentieth century?

The most recent revision of Bandura's theory places such strong emphasis on how children think about themselves and other people that he calls it a __________ approach.

According to B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory,

Eight-month-old Annabelle is not yet able to organize objects or remember and interpret experiences as an adult does because her development is

One important criticism of Piaget's theory is that

Public policy research shows that

Frequency of __________ is associated with reduced sexual risk taking, alcohol and drug use, and mental health problems in adolescence.

The concept of is characteristic of theories.

Mona's flexible work schedule indirectly enhances her children's development by allowing her time off for school activities and to care for sick children. This is an example of interactions within the

Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory views the child as

Discuss the concepts of stability and plasticity with regard to individual differences among children.

According to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory,

A great strength of the information-processing approach is its commitment to

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 1: History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Opponents of the Convention on the Rights of the Child

Which of the following is one way Great Britain used welfare policies to reduce its child poverty rate by more than half over the past decade?

Describe the dynamic systems perspective of child development.

The stage concept assumes that children

Vygotsky's theory differs from Piaget's theory in that Vygotsky

According to Freud, the superego strengthens during the __________ stage.

An organized family life

Which of the following factors contributed to the study of child development in the twentieth century?

The most recent revision of Bandura's theory places such strong emphasis on how children think about themselves and other people that he calls it a __________ approach.

According to B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory,

Eight-month-old Annabelle is not yet able to organize objects or remember and interpret experiences as an adult does because her development is

One important criticism of Piaget's theory is that

Public policy research shows that

Frequency of __________ is associated with reduced sexual risk taking, alcohol and drug use, and mental health problems in adolescence.

The concept of __________ is characteristic of __________ theories.

Mona's flexible work schedule indirectly enhances her children's development by allowing her time off for school activities and to care for sick children. This is an example of interactions within the

Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory views the child as

Discuss the concepts of stability and plasticity with regard to individual differences among children.

According to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory,

A great strength of the information-processing approach is its commitment to

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

The concept of is characteristic of theories.