Question 1

Describe factors that contribute to the development of theory of mind during the first three years of life.

Accepted Answer

Over the first year of life, infants bui

Question 2

Which of the following adolescents would most likely attempt suicide?

Accepted Answer

A)  Krista, who lives in the United States 
B)  Rachel, who lives in Singapore 
C)  Francesco, who lives in Italy 
D)  Cooper, who lives in Australia 
A)  Krista, who lives in the United States 
B)  Rachel, who lives in Singapore 
C)  Francesco, who lives in Italy 
D)  Cooper, who lives in Australia

Question 3

Parents can foster children's understanding of their own and others' mental lives by

Accepted Answer

A)  providing commentary about mental states. 
B)  purposefully mislabeling emotions to teach them to identify mismatches. 
C)  exposing them to highly stressful situations and then talking about what the children observed. 
D)  encouraging them to work out problems on their own. 
A)  providing commentary about mental states. 
B)  purposefully mislabeling emotions to teach them to identify mismatches. 
C)  exposing them to highly stressful situations and then talking about what the children observed. 
D)  encouraging them to work out problems on their own.

Question 4

Mastery of false belief signals a change in representation-the ability to view beliefs as

Accepted Answer

A)  scale errors. 
B)  desires existing in a person's inner states. 
C)  mental inferences. 
D)  interpretations, not just reflections, of reality. 
A)  scale errors. 
B)  desires existing in a person's inner states. 
C)  mental inferences. 
D)  interpretations, not just reflections, of reality.

Question 5

Narcissistic children with unrealistically high self-esteem because of overly tolerant, indulgent parenting

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to be oblivious to what peers and others think of them. 
B)  rarely display any forms of meanness or aggression. 
C)  tend to lash out at peers who express disapproval. 
D)  are vulnerable to temporary, sharp peaks in self-esteem when their overblown self-images are challenged. 
A)  tend to be oblivious to what peers and others think of them. 
B)  rarely display any forms of meanness or aggression. 
C)  tend to lash out at peers who express disapproval. 
D)  are vulnerable to temporary, sharp peaks in self-esteem when their overblown self-images are challenged.

Question 6

In which of the following ways can society help minority adolescents resolve identity conflicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discourage young people from developing a bicultural identity. 
B)  Encourage non-English-speaking students to abandon their native language. 
C)  Foster contact with peers of the same ethnicity. 
D)  Discourage contact with peers of the same ethnicity. 
A)  Discourage young people from developing a bicultural identity. 
B)  Encourage non-English-speaking students to abandon their native language. 
C)  Foster contact with peers of the same ethnicity. 
D)  Discourage contact with peers of the same ethnicity.

Question 7

Children with peer difficulties

Accepted Answer

A)  are often popular with younger children. 
B)  often hold biased social expectations. 
C)  are liked by teachers but ignored by classmates. 
D)  tend to come from one-child families. 
A)  are often popular with younger children. 
B)  often hold biased social expectations. 
C)  are liked by teachers but ignored by classmates. 
D)  tend to come from one-child families.

Question 8

Chinese parents integrate Confucian traditions of strict discipline and social obligations into their personal stories to

Accepted Answer

A)  teach children the importance of autonomy and independent decision making. 
B)  reinforce children's spunk and assertiveness. 
C)  affirm the importance of not disgracing the family. 
D)  illustrate how children from other cultures behave. 
A)  teach children the importance of autonomy and independent decision making. 
B)  reinforce children's spunk and assertiveness. 
C)  affirm the importance of not disgracing the family. 
D)  illustrate how children from other cultures behave.

Question 9

Research on identity development has shown that

Accepted Answer

A)  diffused young people report the lowest levels of parental support and warm, open communication. 
B)  young people who lack confidence in the prospect of ever knowing anything with certainty tend to be foreclosed. 
C)  young people in moratorium usually have close bonds with parents, but lack opportunities for healthy separation. 
D)  young people in moratorium assume that absolute truth is always attainable. 
A)  diffused young people report the lowest levels of parental support and warm, open communication. 
B)  young people who lack confidence in the prospect of ever knowing anything with certainty tend to be foreclosed. 
C)  young people in moratorium usually have close bonds with parents, but lack opportunities for healthy separation. 
D)  young people in moratorium assume that absolute truth is always attainable.

Question 10

Kiaser has average intelligence, persists at challenging tasks, and displays initiative in the face of challenges. Kiaser is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  a social comparison. 
B)  average self-esteem. 
C)  identity achievement. 
D)  achievement motivation. 
A)  a social comparison. 
B)  average self-esteem. 
C)  identity achievement. 
D)  achievement motivation.

Question 11

Sami is a 5-year-old African-American girl. She is likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  associate positive characteristics to both African-American and white children. 
B)  display in-group favoritism by assigning positive characteristics to African-American children and negative characteristics to white children. 
C)  be completely unaware of prejudice because ethnic awareness does not emerge until middle childhood. 
D)  display out-group favoritism by assigning positive characteristics to white children and negative characteristics to African-American children. 
A)  associate positive characteristics to both African-American and white children. 
B)  display in-group favoritism by assigning positive characteristics to African-American children and negative characteristics to white children. 
C)  be completely unaware of prejudice because ethnic awareness does not emerge until middle childhood. 
D)  display out-group favoritism by assigning positive characteristics to white children and negative characteristics to African-American children.

Question 12

Which of the following factors is linked to increased suicide in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  the onset of puberty 
B)  moving away from identity foreclosure toward identity moratorium 
C)  immaturity and the need for attention 
D)  teenagers' improved ability to plan ahead 
A)  the onset of puberty 
B)  moving away from identity foreclosure toward identity moratorium 
C)  immaturity and the need for attention 
D)  teenagers' improved ability to plan ahead

Question 13

Adolescents __________ cope more effectively with stress, show better achievement in school, and have fewer emotional and behavior problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  with a biracial identity who attend monoracial schools 
B)  with a positive connection to their ethnic group 
C)  who avoid developing an ethnic identity 
D)  who are frequently exposed to racial discrimination 
A)  with a biracial identity who attend monoracial schools 
B)  with a positive connection to their ethnic group 
C)  who avoid developing an ethnic identity 
D)  who are frequently exposed to racial discrimination

Question 14

Which of the following preschoolers will demonstrate greater awareness of false belief?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gwen, who is an only child 
B)  Helena, who has two younger siblings 
C)  Rakita, who has a twin sister 
D)  Louisa, who has three older siblings 
A)  Gwen, who is an only child 
B)  Helena, who has two younger siblings 
C)  Rakita, who has a twin sister 
D)  Louisa, who has three older siblings

Question 15

Five-year-old Johan has very high self-esteem. His parents wonder whether this will change once he enters elementary school. Most likely, Johan's self-esteem will

Accepted Answer

A)  continue to rise, as long as he does not engage in social comparison with his peers. 
B)  maintain its current level, but will slowly decline in the areas of peer relationships and athletic competence. 
C)  continue to rise until he makes the transition from elementary to middle school. 
D)  decline over the first few years of elementary school, but will likely rise after fourth grade. 
A)  continue to rise, as long as he does not engage in social comparison with his peers. 
B)  maintain its current level, but will slowly decline in the areas of peer relationships and athletic competence. 
C)  continue to rise until he makes the transition from elementary to middle school. 
D)  decline over the first few years of elementary school, but will likely rise after fourth grade.

Question 16

In the United States, __________ students are the most isolated group.

Accepted Answer

A)  black 
B)  Hispanic 
C)  white 
D)  Asian 
A)  black 
B)  Hispanic 
C)  white 
D)  Asian

Question 17

Cayden volunteers to serve meals to the homeless in a predominantly ethnic minority neighborhood. As a result of this experience, Cayden

Accepted Answer

A)  may have fewer prejudicial feelings, and will appreciate the social conditions that lead to disadvantage. 
B)  may decide that certain ethnic groups are too lazy to work, which is why they are homeless. 
C)  may become confused as to why certain groups of people have a higher chance of living in poverty. 
D)  is likely to develop a fixed negative view of others. 
A)  may have fewer prejudicial feelings, and will appreciate the social conditions that lead to disadvantage. 
B)  may decide that certain ethnic groups are too lazy to work, which is why they are homeless. 
C)  may become confused as to why certain groups of people have a higher chance of living in poverty. 
D)  is likely to develop a fixed negative view of others.

Question 18

From the preschool to the school years, conflicts shift from __________ to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  material concerns; relationship issues 
B)  psychological issues; material concerns 
C)  social issues; psychological issues 
D)  material concerns; social issues 
A)  material concerns; relationship issues 
B)  psychological issues; material concerns 
C)  social issues; psychological issues 
D)  material concerns; social issues

Question 19

Recently, suicide has risen among __________; the current rate approaches that of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  African-American females; African-American males 
B)  African-American males; Caucasian-American males 
C)  Native-American males; Hispanic males 
D)  Hispanic males; Hispanic females 
A)  African-American females; African-American males 
B)  African-American males; Caucasian-American males 
C)  Native-American males; Hispanic males 
D)  Hispanic males; Hispanic females

Question 20

People group the causes of their own and others' behavior into which of the following two broad categories?

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic and deliberate 
B)  achievement and social 
C)  innate and conditional 
D)  environmental and psychological 
A)  automatic and deliberate 
B)  achievement and social 
C)  innate and conditional 
D)  environmental and psychological

Describe factors that contribute to the development of theory of mind during the first three years of life.

Which of the following adolescents would most likely attempt suicide?

Parents can foster children's understanding of their own and others' mental lives by

Mastery of false belief signals a change in representation-the ability to view beliefs as

Narcissistic children with unrealistically high self-esteem because of overly tolerant, indulgent parenting

In which of the following ways can society help minority adolescents resolve identity conflicts?

Children with peer difficulties

Chinese parents integrate Confucian traditions of strict discipline and social obligations into their personal stories to

Research on identity development has shown that

Kiaser has average intelligence, persists at challenging tasks, and displays initiative in the face of challenges. Kiaser is demonstrating

Sami is a 5-year-old African-American girl. She is likely to

Which of the following factors is linked to increased suicide in adolescence?

Adolescents __________ cope more effectively with stress, show better achievement in school, and have fewer emotional and behavior problems.

Which of the following preschoolers will demonstrate greater awareness of false belief?

Five-year-old Johan has very high self-esteem. His parents wonder whether this will change once he enters elementary school. Most likely, Johan's self-esteem will

In the United States, __________ students are the most isolated group.

Cayden volunteers to serve meals to the homeless in a predominantly ethnic minority neighborhood. As a result of this experience, Cayden

From the preschool to the school years, conflicts shift from to .

Recently, suicide has risen among ; the current rate approaches that of .

People group the causes of their own and others' behavior into which of the following two broad categories?

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 11: Self and Social Understanding

Describe factors that contribute to the development of theory of mind during the first three years of life.

Which of the following adolescents would most likely attempt suicide?

Parents can foster children's understanding of their own and others' mental lives by

Mastery of false belief signals a change in representation-the ability to view beliefs as

Narcissistic children with unrealistically high self-esteem because of overly tolerant, indulgent parenting

In which of the following ways can society help minority adolescents resolve identity conflicts?

Children with peer difficulties

Chinese parents integrate Confucian traditions of strict discipline and social obligations into their personal stories to

Research on identity development has shown that

Kiaser has average intelligence, persists at challenging tasks, and displays initiative in the face of challenges. Kiaser is demonstrating

Sami is a 5-year-old African-American girl. She is likely to

Which of the following factors is linked to increased suicide in adolescence?

Adolescents __________ cope more effectively with stress, show better achievement in school, and have fewer emotional and behavior problems.

Which of the following preschoolers will demonstrate greater awareness of false belief?

Five-year-old Johan has very high self-esteem. His parents wonder whether this will change once he enters elementary school. Most likely, Johan's self-esteem will

In the United States, __________ students are the most isolated group.

Cayden volunteers to serve meals to the homeless in a predominantly ethnic minority neighborhood. As a result of this experience, Cayden

From the preschool to the school years, conflicts shift from __________ to __________.

Recently, suicide has risen among __________; the current rate approaches that of __________.

People group the causes of their own and others' behavior into which of the following two broad categories?

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

From the preschool to the school years, conflicts shift from to .

Recently, suicide has risen among ; the current rate approaches that of .