Question 1

Around 7 to 9 months, infants __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  can detect words that start with weak syllables 
B)  begin to prefer nonspeech sounds over human speech 
C)  begin to prefer their native language to foreign languages 
D)  begin to divide the speech stream into wordlike units 
A)  can detect words that start with weak syllables 
B)  begin to prefer nonspeech sounds over human speech 
C)  begin to prefer their native language to foreign languages 
D)  begin to divide the speech stream into wordlike units

Question 2

Brenda is unable to breastfeed her baby. She worries that she is depriving him of an experience essential for healthy psychological development. Brenda should know that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  children and adolescents who were breastfed are substantially more intelligent than those who were bottle-fed 
B)  children and adolescents who were bottle-fed suffer more from emotional adjustment issues than those who were breastfed 
C)  breastfed babies in industrialized nations show more secure attachments than bottle-fed babies, after controlling for maternal intelligence and SES 
D)  breastfed and bottle-fed infants in industrialized nations do not differ in quality of the mother‒infant relationship or in later emotional adjustment 
A)  children and adolescents who were breastfed are substantially more intelligent than those who were bottle-fed 
B)  children and adolescents who were bottle-fed suffer more from emotional adjustment issues than those who were breastfed 
C)  breastfed babies in industrialized nations show more secure attachments than bottle-fed babies, after controlling for maternal intelligence and SES 
D)  breastfed and bottle-fed infants in industrialized nations do not differ in quality of the mother‒infant relationship or in later emotional adjustment

Question 3

Gross-motor development refers to control over __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  small hand movements 
B)  reaching and grasping 
C)  actions that help infants get around in the environment 
D)  actions that help infants and toddlers pick up small objects 
A)  small hand movements 
B)  reaching and grasping 
C)  actions that help infants get around in the environment 
D)  actions that help infants and toddlers pick up small objects

Question 4

Neurons send messages to one another by releasing chemicals called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positron emissions 
B)  neurotransmitters 
C)  glial cells 
D)  myelins 
A)  positron emissions 
B)  neurotransmitters 
C)  glial cells 
D)  myelins

Question 5

Regina and Cassie adopted Chelsea from an orphanage in Argentina. Three years after her adoption, Chelsea displays abnormally low cortisol. This is a sign of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  impaired capacity to manage stress 
B)  cognitive catch-up 
C)  a serious intellectual deficit 
D)  delayed physical growth 
A)  impaired capacity to manage stress 
B)  cognitive catch-up 
C)  a serious intellectual deficit 
D)  delayed physical growth

Question 6

The __________ is responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  medulla 
A)  cerebellum 
B)  cerebral cortex 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  medulla

Question 7

Around 2 months, infants __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reach 20/20 vision 
B)  achieve adultlike color vision 
C)  display sensitivity to pictorial depth cues 
D)  can focus on objects about as well as adults 
A)  reach 20/20 vision 
B)  achieve adultlike color vision 
C)  display sensitivity to pictorial depth cues 
D)  can focus on objects about as well as adults

Question 8

Which statement about neurons is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurons are gaps between body cells. 
B)  Neurons are tightly packed together. 
C)  Neurons are responsible for myelination. 
D)  Neurons store and transmit information. 
A)  Neurons are gaps between body cells. 
B)  Neurons are tightly packed together. 
C)  Neurons are responsible for myelination. 
D)  Neurons store and transmit information.

Question 9

Which statement about brain plasticity is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  A highly plastic cerebral cortex has a low capacity for learning. 
B)  Damage to a highly plastic cerebral cortex means that the abilities it controls cannot be recovered. 
C)  Many areas of a highly plastic cerebral cortex are not yet committed to specific functions. 
D)  The brain is the most plastic during adolescence. 
A)  A highly plastic cerebral cortex has a low capacity for learning. 
B)  Damage to a highly plastic cerebral cortex means that the abilities it controls cannot be recovered. 
C)  Many areas of a highly plastic cerebral cortex are not yet committed to specific functions. 
D)  The brain is the most plastic during adolescence.

Question 10

Between 4 and 7 months, infants __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prefer nonspeech over human speech 
B)  display a sense of musical phrasing 
C)  prefer pieces of music with awkward breaks rather than those with pauses between phrases 
D)  prefer listening to a foreign language rather than their native tongue 
A)  prefer nonspeech over human speech 
B)  display a sense of musical phrasing 
C)  prefer pieces of music with awkward breaks rather than those with pauses between phrases 
D)  prefer listening to a foreign language rather than their native tongue

Question 11

In operant conditioning, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus that leads to a reflexive response 
B)  babies build expectations about stimulus events, but do not influence the stimuli that occur 
C)  infants act, and stimuli that follow their behavior change the probability that the behavior will occur again 
D)  once a baby's nervous system makes the connection between two stimuli, the neutral stimulus produces the behavior 
A)  a neutral stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus that leads to a reflexive response 
B)  babies build expectations about stimulus events, but do not influence the stimuli that occur 
C)  infants act, and stimuli that follow their behavior change the probability that the behavior will occur again 
D)  once a baby's nervous system makes the connection between two stimuli, the neutral stimulus produces the behavior

Question 12

Stimulation in Hillary's brain resulted in a massive overabundance of synapses, many of which served identical functions. Neurons that were seldom stimulated lost their synapses in a process called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  myelination 
B)  synaptic pruning 
C)  neuroimaging 
D)  neurotransmission 
A)  myelination 
B)  synaptic pruning 
C)  neuroimaging 
D)  neurotransmission

Question 13

Yokow gets just enough calories from starchy foods, but his diet is very low in protein. He has an enlarged belly, swollen feet, and a rash on his skin. Yokow probably suffers from __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  marasmus 
B)  iron-deficiency anemia 
C)  kwashiorkor 
D)  nonorganic failure to thrive 
A)  marasmus 
B)  iron-deficiency anemia 
C)  kwashiorkor 
D)  nonorganic failure to thrive

Question 14

During the prenatal period, the neural tube __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  forms to become the circulatory and nervous systems 
B)  produces a few neurons and an abundance of myelins 
C)  produces far more neurons than the brain will ever need 
D)  commits all its neurons to form the major parts of the brain 
A)  forms to become the circulatory and nervous systems 
B)  produces a few neurons and an abundance of myelins 
C)  produces far more neurons than the brain will ever need 
D)  commits all its neurons to form the major parts of the brain

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a fine-motor skill?

Accepted Answer

A)  grasping 
B)  crawling 
C)  walking 
D)  standing 
A)  grasping 
B)  crawling 
C)  walking 
D)  standing

Question 16

Habituation and recovery make learning more efficient by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing infants and toddlers to learn by observing others 
B)  making sure we concentrate hardest on stimuli that are most familiar to us 
C)  allowing us to classically condition difficult responses, such as fear, in young infants 
D)  focusing our attention on those aspects of the environment we know least about 
A)  allowing infants and toddlers to learn by observing others 
B)  making sure we concentrate hardest on stimuli that are most familiar to us 
C)  allowing us to classically condition difficult responses, such as fear, in young infants 
D)  focusing our attention on those aspects of the environment we know least about

Around 7 to 9 months, infants __________.

Brenda is unable to breastfeed her baby. She worries that she is depriving him of an experience essential for healthy psychological development. Brenda should know that __________.

Gross-motor development refers to control over __________.

Neurons send messages to one another by releasing chemicals called __________.

Regina and Cassie adopted Chelsea from an orphanage in Argentina. Three years after her adoption, Chelsea displays abnormally low cortisol. This is a sign of __________.

The __________ is responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.

Around 2 months, infants __________.

Which statement about neurons is true?

Which statement about brain plasticity is true?

Between 4 and 7 months, infants __________.

In operant conditioning, __________.

Stimulation in Hillary's brain resulted in a massive overabundance of synapses, many of which served identical functions. Neurons that were seldom stimulated lost their synapses in a process called __________.

Yokow gets just enough calories from starchy foods, but his diet is very low in protein. He has an enlarged belly, swollen feet, and a rash on his skin. Yokow probably suffers from __________.

During the prenatal period, the neural tube __________.

Which of the following is an example of a fine-motor skill?

Habituation and recovery make learning more efficient by __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 4: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Around 7 to 9 months, infants __________.

Brenda is unable to breastfeed her baby. She worries that she is depriving him of an experience essential for healthy psychological development. Brenda should know that __________.

Gross-motor development refers to control over __________.

Neurons send messages to one another by releasing chemicals called __________.

Regina and Cassie adopted Chelsea from an orphanage in Argentina. Three years after her adoption, Chelsea displays abnormally low cortisol. This is a sign of __________.

The __________ is responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.

Around 2 months, infants __________.

Which statement about neurons is true?

Which statement about brain plasticity is true?

Between 4 and 7 months, infants __________.

In operant conditioning, __________.

Stimulation in Hillary's brain resulted in a massive overabundance of synapses, many of which served identical functions. Neurons that were seldom stimulated lost their synapses in a process called __________.

Yokow gets just enough calories from starchy foods, but his diet is very low in protein. He has an enlarged belly, swollen feet, and a rash on his skin. Yokow probably suffers from __________.

During the prenatal period, the neural tube __________.

Which of the following is an example of a fine-motor skill?

Habituation and recovery make learning more efficient by __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters