Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Which of the following is a toddler most likely to say?

__________ sustains the benefits of growing up in an economically advantaged family and can reduce the negative impact of a stressed, poverty-stricken home life.

One type of interactionist theory applies the __________ perspective to language development, and a second type emphasizes __________.

Recent evidence suggests that __________.

Dr. Hahn believes that language is etched into the structure of the brain. Dr. Hahn endorses the __________ perspective of language development.

Research examining the language competence of deaf adults found that __________.

Describe the social-interactionist view of language development.

__________ is related to advanced play, language, and problem solving in toddlerhood and early childhood.

What are the two main problems that modern researchers have with Piaget's sensorimotor stage? What are his contributions to the field of research on infant cognition?

In Substage 5 of the sensorimotor period, toddlers __________.

Two-year-old Carmen is trying to fit pieces into a wooden puzzle form. Carmen's father helps her turn the pieces so they fit snuggly in place. As Carmen's skill improves, her father steps back, letting her try on her own. This example illustrates the concept of __________.

In Substage 6 of the sensorimotor period, the ability to create mental representations enables toddlers to __________ and __________.

A young child makes an underextension error when she applies a new word __________.

Recent research indicates that __________ earlier than Piaget expected.

Researchers using the violation-of-expectation method may use __________, in which babies are exposed to a physical event until their looking declines.

With age, babies __________ in an effort to gain control over producing particular sounds.

Challenges to Chomsky's theory suggest that __________.

Middle-income parents are especially likely to place their children in __________ child-care settings, where quality tends to be lowest.

When children are not changing much cognitively, they __________ more than they __________.

In the violation-of-expectation method, researchers often show babies __________.