Question 1

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

A)  make-believe 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  block 
D)  parallel 
A)  make-believe 
B)  sensorimotor 
C)  block 
D)  parallel

Question 2

In child-centered kindergarten programs, __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  teachers structure children's learning 
B)  teachers rely on repetition and drill 
C)  children learn through formal lessons 
D)  much learning takes place through play 
A)  teachers structure children's learning 
B)  teachers rely on repetition and drill 
C)  children learn through formal lessons 
D)  much learning takes place through play

Question 3

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) prompts the thyroid gland in the neck to release __________, which is necessary for brain development and for growth hormone (GH) to have its full impact on body size.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  estrogen 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  oxytocin 
A)  protein 
B)  estrogen 
C)  thyroxine 
D)  oxytocin

Question 4

Heritability of left-handedness is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  nil 
B)  weak to modest 
C)  modest to high 
D)  very high 
A)  nil 
B)  weak to modest 
C)  modest to high 
D)  very high

Question 5

Young children __________ are at increased risk for decayed teeth.

Accepted Answer

A)  who drink fluoridated water 
B)  who get sealants on primary teeth 
C)  in homes with regular smokers 
D)  in middle-SES homes 
A)  who drink fluoridated water 
B)  who get sealants on primary teeth 
C)  in homes with regular smokers 
D)  in middle-SES homes

Question 6

X-rays of epiphyses enable doctors to estimate children's __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  adult weight 
B)  loss of baby teeth 
C)  brain development 
D)  skeletal age 
A)  adult weight 
B)  loss of baby teeth 
C)  brain development 
D)  skeletal age

Question 7

Which statement about preschoolers' ability to generate and follow a plan is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Young preschoolers can easily adjust their plans to fit task requirements. 
B)  With respect to planning, children learn very little from directions for playing games. 
C)  When parents encourage planning in everyday activities, they help children plan more effectively. 
D)  Preschoolers are not yet capable of planning, even if the tasks are familiar and not too complex. 
A)  Young preschoolers can easily adjust their plans to fit task requirements. 
B)  With respect to planning, children learn very little from directions for playing games. 
C)  When parents encourage planning in everyday activities, they help children plan more effectively. 
D)  Preschoolers are not yet capable of planning, even if the tasks are familiar and not too complex.

Question 8

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs. Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Accepted Answer

Preschool and kindergarten programs rang

Question 9

Adults often provide indirect feedback about grammar by using __________, which restructures inaccurate speech into correct form.

Accepted Answer

A)  fast-mapping 
B)  an expansion 
C)  overregularization 
D)  a recast 
A)  fast-mapping 
B)  an expansion 
C)  overregularization 
D)  a recast

Question 10

Children who spontaneously use, or who are trained to use, mental-state words in conversation are especially likely to pass __________ tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  hierarchical classification 
B)  false-belief 
C)  class inclusion 
D)  conservation 
A)  hierarchical classification 
B)  false-belief 
C)  class inclusion 
D)  conservation

Question 11

At the rear and base of the brain is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus 
B)  amygdala 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  cerebral cortex 
A)  hippocampus 
B)  amygdala 
C)  cerebellum 
D)  cerebral cortex

Question 12

A researcher shows 3-year-old Emilia two small boxes-a familiar crayon box and a plain, unmarked box. When the researcher asks Emilia to pick the box with the crayons in it, Emilia picks the familiar box. The researcher then shows Emilia that the familiar box is empty and the unmarked box contains crayons. Finally, the researcher introduces Emilia to a puppet named Betty and asks, "Where do you think Betty will look for the crayons?" The researcher is testing Emilia's grasp of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  false beliefs 
B)  conservation 
C)  irreversibility 
D)  class inclusion 
A)  false beliefs 
B)  conservation 
C)  irreversibility 
D)  class inclusion

Question 13

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives, preschoolers who experience the __________ style recall __________ information about past events.

Accepted Answer

A)  repetitive; more 
B)  elaborative; less 
C)  metacognitive; less 
D)  elaborative; more 
A)  repetitive; more 
B)  elaborative; less 
C)  metacognitive; less 
D)  elaborative; more

Question 14

Four-year-old Dorrit "reads" familiar signs, but does not yet understand the symbolic function of the elements of print. Dorrit's parents expose her to books, calendars, magazines, lists, and signs. Dorrit's active efforts to understand written language through her informal experiences is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  emergent literacy 
B)  phonological speech 
C)  private speech 
D)  interactive reading 
A)  emergent literacy 
B)  phonological speech 
C)  private speech 
D)  interactive reading

Question 15

Research on handedness demonstrates that __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  most left-handers have no developmental problems 
B)  right-handedness is associated with prematurity 
C)  there is little cultural variation in rates of left-handedness 
D)  right-handed children are more likely to be mathematically talented 
A)  most left-handers have no developmental problems 
B)  right-handedness is associated with prematurity 
C)  there is little cultural variation in rates of left-handedness 
D)  right-handed children are more likely to be mathematically talented

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

In child-centered kindergarten programs, __________.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) prompts the thyroid gland in the neck to release __________, which is necessary for brain development and for growth hormone (GH) to have its full impact on body size.

Heritability of left-handedness is __________.

Young children __________ are at increased risk for decayed teeth.

X-rays of epiphyses enable doctors to estimate children's __________.

Which statement about preschoolers' ability to generate and follow a plan is true?

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs. Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Adults often provide indirect feedback about grammar by using __________, which restructures inaccurate speech into correct form.

Children who spontaneously use, or who are trained to use, mental-state words in conversation are especially likely to pass __________ tasks.

At the rear and base of the brain is the __________.

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives, preschoolers who experience the style recall information about past events.

Research on handedness demonstrates that __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Vygotsky saw __________ play as the ideal social context for fostering cognitive development in early childhood.

In child-centered kindergarten programs, __________.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) prompts the thyroid gland in the neck to release __________, which is necessary for brain development and for growth hormone (GH) to have its full impact on body size.

Heritability of left-handedness is __________.

Young children __________ are at increased risk for decayed teeth.

X-rays of epiphyses enable doctors to estimate children's __________.

Which statement about preschoolers' ability to generate and follow a plan is true?

Describe both child-centered preschool and kindergarten programs and academic programs. Which type of programming does the research favor for early childhood?

Adults often provide indirect feedback about grammar by using __________, which restructures inaccurate speech into correct form.

Children who spontaneously use, or who are trained to use, mental-state words in conversation are especially likely to pass __________ tasks.

At the rear and base of the brain is the __________.

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives, preschoolers who experience the __________ style recall __________ information about past events.

Research on handedness demonstrates that __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

With regard to questions used to elicit children's autobiographical narratives, preschoolers who experience the style recall information about past events.