Question 1

Coral reefs and swamps are among Earth's most productive ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Each level of an energy pyramid corresponds to a step in a food chain and is called a(n)____________________ level.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each level of an energy pyramid corresponds...

Question 3

To counter global warming, researchers from Lawrence Berkeley Lab are experimenting with using bacteria to consume the greenhouse gas ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To counter global warming, researchers from Lawrence...

Question 4

A nutrient whose biogeochemical cycle does not include an atmospheric phase is said to have a(n)____________________ cycle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nutrient whose biogeochemical cycle does not...

Question 5

In an ecosystem the assemblage of living organisms constitutes the ____________________ component.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In an ecosystem the assemblage of living...

Question 6

What best explains the low productivity of the open ocean?

Accepted Answer

A) The open ocean lacks insufficient light to support photosynthesis. 
B) Nutrients rapidly sink to depths that sunlight cannot reach. 
C) The open ocean is actually very productive, but its primary producers are consumed as quickly as they grow. 
D) These regions are typically too cool to support significant primary production. 
A) The open ocean lacks insufficient light to support photosynthesis. 
B) Nutrients rapidly sink to depths that sunlight cannot reach. 
C) The open ocean is actually very productive, but its primary producers are consumed as quickly as they grow. 
D) These regions are typically too cool to support significant primary production.

Question 7

The rate of new biomass production by consumers is called

Accepted Answer

A) primary productivity. 
B) a biomass flow chain. 
C) an energy pyramid. 
D) secondary productivity. 
A) primary productivity. 
B) a biomass flow chain. 
C) an energy pyramid. 
D) secondary productivity.

Question 8

In marine ecosystems, net primary productivity tends to be

Accepted Answer

A) greater along shorelines where terrestrial nutrients enter the marine environment. 
B) lower where the oceans border land because terrestrial pollution suppresses marine productivity. 
C) lowest in areas where upwelling brings colder water to the surface. 
D) greater than the net primary productivity on land. 
A) greater along shorelines where terrestrial nutrients enter the marine environment. 
B) lower where the oceans border land because terrestrial pollution suppresses marine productivity. 
C) lowest in areas where upwelling brings colder water to the surface. 
D) greater than the net primary productivity on land.

Question 9

Human actions such as logging, building on a floodplain, or diverting rivers increase the probability of severe ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Human actions such as logging, building on...

Question 10

If there are 50 kcal of energy in the tertiary consumer trophic level, how many kcal would you expect to find in the primary consumer level?

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 100 
C) 500 
D) 5,000 
A) 50 
B) 100 
C) 500 
D) 5,000

Question 11

Within the ecosystem, nutrients

Accepted Answer

A) move in a one-way path from producers toward consumers. 
B) regularly cycle between organisms and the nonliving environment. 
C) are consumed by their use and thus are not available for recycling. 
D) are rarely limiting because they are constantly replenished as the Earth's crust is eroded. 
A) move in a one-way path from producers toward consumers. 
B) regularly cycle between organisms and the nonliving environment. 
C) are consumed by their use and thus are not available for recycling. 
D) are rarely limiting because they are constantly replenished as the Earth's crust is eroded.

Question 12

To best use the Earth's NPP to feed the most people, diets should be modified to include _____, and gathering the maximum amount of energy available from a given biomass of producers.

Accepted Answer

A) only meat, moving higher up the food chain 
B) only meat, moving lower down the food chain 
C) plant material only, moving lower down the food chain 
D) plant material only, moving higher up the food chain 
A) only meat, moving higher up the food chain 
B) only meat, moving lower down the food chain 
C) plant material only, moving lower down the food chain 
D) plant material only, moving higher up the food chain

Question 13

Almost all life on Earth is directly or indirectly dependent on

Accepted Answer

A) predation. 
B) solar energy. 
C) physical productivity. 
D) human civilization. 
A) predation. 
B) solar energy. 
C) physical productivity. 
D) human civilization.

Question 14

Rainfall naturally has a neutral pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The rate of secondary productivity is highest in areas

Accepted Answer

A) with low net primary productivity. 
B) with few producers. 
C) with high net primary productivity. 
D) where plants act as decomposers. 
A) with low net primary productivity. 
B) with few producers. 
C) with high net primary productivity. 
D) where plants act as decomposers.

Question 16

Ecosystems are closed systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

An atom of phosphorous may remain out of the biological part of its cycle for many millions of years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Human activities

Accepted Answer

A) rarely affect nutrient cycles. 
B) can alter nutrient cycles on a global scale. 
C) tend to cause only local changes in nutrient cycles. 
D) generally improve nutrient cycling in ecosystems. 
A) rarely affect nutrient cycles. 
B) can alter nutrient cycles on a global scale. 
C) tend to cause only local changes in nutrient cycles. 
D) generally improve nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

Question 19

Cougars defend a relatively large territory; consider the following facts and estimate how much area a cougar would require: A cougar requires 490 kg annually and obtains most of its food from deer, which average 55 kg. In a typical deer habitat, the NPP is 35 kg per acre. One deer consumes approximately 1,150 kg of vegetation each year.

Accepted Answer

A) 300 acres 
B) 1,925 acres 
C) 3,000 acres 
D) 4,500 acres 
A) 300 acres 
B) 1,925 acres 
C) 3,000 acres 
D) 4,500 acres

Question 20

In a typical nutrient cycle, nutrients are generally captured into the biotic portion of the cycle by the

Accepted Answer

A) herbivores. 
B) primary producers. 
C) carnivores. 
D) decomposers. 
A) herbivores. 
B) primary producers. 
C) carnivores. 
D) decomposers.

Exam 24: Ecosystems

Coral reefs and swamps are among Earth's most productive ecosystems.

Each level of an energy pyramid corresponds to a step in a food chain and is called a(n)____________________ level.

To counter global warming, researchers from Lawrence Berkeley Lab are experimenting with using bacteria to consume the greenhouse gas ____________________.

A nutrient whose biogeochemical cycle does not include an atmospheric phase is said to have a(n)____________________ cycle.

In an ecosystem the assemblage of living organisms constitutes the ____________________ component.

What best explains the low productivity of the open ocean?

The rate of new biomass production by consumers is called

In marine ecosystems, net primary productivity tends to be

Human actions such as logging, building on a floodplain, or diverting rivers increase the probability of severe ____________________.

If there are 50 kcal of energy in the tertiary consumer trophic level, how many kcal would you expect to find in the primary consumer level?

Within the ecosystem, nutrients

To best use the Earth's NPP to feed the most people, diets should be modified to include _____, and gathering the maximum amount of energy available from a given biomass of producers.

Almost all life on Earth is directly or indirectly dependent on

Rainfall naturally has a neutral pH.

The rate of secondary productivity is highest in areas

Ecosystems are closed systems.

An atom of phosphorous may remain out of the biological part of its cycle for many millions of years.

Human activities

In a typical nutrient cycle, nutrients are generally captured into the biotic portion of the cycle by the

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecological Communities

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

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