Question 1

Molecular barcodes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  barcodes stamped on vegetables in the supermarket to indicate freshness 
B)  DNA sequences used to identify and catalog biodiversity 
C)  radioactively labeled genes used to detect horizontal transfer of genes 
D)  genetic inversions used to detect crossovers 
E)  All of the choices provided are incorrect. 
A)  barcodes stamped on vegetables in the supermarket to indicate freshness 
B)  DNA sequences used to identify and catalog biodiversity 
C)  radioactively labeled genes used to detect horizontal transfer of genes 
D)  genetic inversions used to detect crossovers 
E)  All of the choices provided are incorrect.

Question 2

Incomplete flowers can be perfect flowers but imperfect flowers cannot be complete flowers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements best compares the peduncle and receptacle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The peduncle and receptacle are identical, merely two names for the same structure. 
B)  The peduncle is haploid and the receptacle is diploid. 
C)  The peduncle is a reproductive part of a flower and the receptacle is a vegetative part. 
D)  The receptacle is the part of the flower that receives the pollen whereas the peduncle relays sperm to the ovule. 
E)  The peduncle is the tip of the stem bearing the flower and the receptacle is the base of the flower. 
A)  The peduncle and receptacle are identical, merely two names for the same structure. 
B)  The peduncle is haploid and the receptacle is diploid. 
C)  The peduncle is a reproductive part of a flower and the receptacle is a vegetative part. 
D)  The receptacle is the part of the flower that receives the pollen whereas the peduncle relays sperm to the ovule. 
E)  The peduncle is the tip of the stem bearing the flower and the receptacle is the base of the flower.

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes the attributes of Welwitschia mirabilis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has only two leaves. 
B)  It obtains most of its moisture from fog. 
C)  It lives under desert conditions. 
D)  It is a gnetophyte. 
E)  It has all the attributes listed in the other choices. 
A)  It has only two leaves. 
B)  It obtains most of its moisture from fog. 
C)  It lives under desert conditions. 
D)  It is a gnetophyte. 
E)  It has all the attributes listed in the other choices.

Question 5

Secondary metabolites can be used to distinguish between different species of plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following drugs is NOT an alkaloid?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphine 
B)  caffeine 
C)  LSD 
D)  nicotine 
E)  heroin 
A)  morphine 
B)  caffeine 
C)  LSD 
D)  nicotine 
E)  heroin

Question 7

If you were highly allergic to bee stings, which of the following would be dangerous for you to do?

Accepted Answer

A)  wear sweet-smelling perfumes 
B)  wear red shirts 
C)  wear dark, drab clothing 
D)  hum as you work 
E)  None of the choices provided are dangerous. 
A)  wear sweet-smelling perfumes 
B)  wear red shirts 
C)  wear dark, drab clothing 
D)  hum as you work 
E)  None of the choices provided are dangerous.

Question 8

Which of the following benefits to humans is NOT attributable to phenolics?

Accepted Answer

A)  antioxidants in red wine 
B)  the flavor of vanilla 
C)  absorption of ultraviolet radiation 
D)  the sweetness of honey 
E)  the taste of chillies 
A)  antioxidants in red wine 
B)  the flavor of vanilla 
C)  absorption of ultraviolet radiation 
D)  the sweetness of honey 
E)  the taste of chillies

Question 9

Trichromatic color vision is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to see colors at night 
B)  ability to see ultraviolet light 
C)  ability to distinguish blue, green, and red colors 
D)  ability to see reflected light 
E)  all of the other choices provided 
A)  ability to see colors at night 
B)  ability to see ultraviolet light 
C)  ability to distinguish blue, green, and red colors 
D)  ability to see reflected light 
E)  all of the other choices provided

Question 10

Humans suffer from dementia (similar to Alzheimer's disease) if they eat flour made from cycad seeds because:

Accepted Answer

A)  The seeds have high levels of manganese that is a cause of dementia. 
B)  The seeds contain hallucinogenic drugs similar to LSD that causes dementia. 
C)  The seeds have enzymes that break down brain tissue causing dementia. 
D)  The seeds contain the amino acid BMAA that causes dementia. 
E)  The seeds have enzymes that inhibit absorption of nutrients that are essential for the transmission of nervous impulses in brain cells. 
A)  The seeds have high levels of manganese that is a cause of dementia. 
B)  The seeds contain hallucinogenic drugs similar to LSD that causes dementia. 
C)  The seeds have enzymes that break down brain tissue causing dementia. 
D)  The seeds contain the amino acid BMAA that causes dementia. 
E)  The seeds have enzymes that inhibit absorption of nutrients that are essential for the transmission of nervous impulses in brain cells.

Question 11

What is the significance of the production of above-ground coralloid roots by cycads that have underground stems?

Accepted Answer

A)  The roots grow in waterlogged soil and they need to protrude into the air in order to respire. 
B)  The branching of coralloid roots provides greater surface area for absorption of water. 
C)  It keeps roots above the ground where they cannot be attacked by parasitic nematodes. 
D)  The roots have mutualistic photosynthetic cyanobacteria that fix nitrogen for the cycad and the cyanobacteria can only survive if they are above ground where they are exposed to light. 
E)  The soil in which cycads live has a low pH that would kill the roots if they were completely below ground. 
A)  The roots grow in waterlogged soil and they need to protrude into the air in order to respire. 
B)  The branching of coralloid roots provides greater surface area for absorption of water. 
C)  It keeps roots above the ground where they cannot be attacked by parasitic nematodes. 
D)  The roots have mutualistic photosynthetic cyanobacteria that fix nitrogen for the cycad and the cyanobacteria can only survive if they are above ground where they are exposed to light. 
E)  The soil in which cycads live has a low pH that would kill the roots if they were completely below ground.

Question 12

Coevolution is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the evolution of coenzymes 
B)  two species reciprocally influencing each other's evolution 
C)  random evolution not influenced by natural selection 
D)  evolution of secondary metabolites according to fixed ratios 
E)  coordinated evolution of sensory and motor pathways 
A)  the evolution of coenzymes 
B)  two species reciprocally influencing each other's evolution 
C)  random evolution not influenced by natural selection 
D)  evolution of secondary metabolites according to fixed ratios 
E)  coordinated evolution of sensory and motor pathways

Question 13

A pollination syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the synchronous release of pollen by many individuals of wind-pollinated trees 
B)  specializations of plants that attract a specific kind of pollinator 
C)  the simultaneous release of two sperm, one to affect fertilization and the other to initiate formation of endosperm 
D)  a brushlike tongue of hummingbirds to which pollen adheres 
E)  a series of bristles on the backs of insects to which pollen adheres 
A)  the synchronous release of pollen by many individuals of wind-pollinated trees 
B)  specializations of plants that attract a specific kind of pollinator 
C)  the simultaneous release of two sperm, one to affect fertilization and the other to initiate formation of endosperm 
D)  a brushlike tongue of hummingbirds to which pollen adheres 
E)  a series of bristles on the backs of insects to which pollen adheres

Question 14

Monocots and eudicots diverged about:

Accepted Answer

A)  500 million years ago 
B)  125 million years ago 
C)  60 million years ago 
D)  10 million years ago 
E)  very recently 
A)  500 million years ago 
B)  125 million years ago 
C)  60 million years ago 
D)  10 million years ago 
E)  very recently

Exam 30: The Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Molecular barcodes are:

Incomplete flowers can be perfect flowers but imperfect flowers cannot be complete flowers.

Which of the following statements best compares the peduncle and receptacle?

Which of the following statements best describes the attributes of Welwitschia mirabilis?

Secondary metabolites can be used to distinguish between different species of plants.

Which of the following drugs is NOT an alkaloid?

If you were highly allergic to bee stings, which of the following would be dangerous for you to do?

Which of the following benefits to humans is NOT attributable to phenolics?

Trichromatic color vision is best described as:

Humans suffer from dementia (similar to Alzheimer's disease) if they eat flour made from cycad seeds because:

What is the significance of the production of above-ground coralloid roots by cycads that have underground stems?

Coevolution is:

A pollination syndrome is:

Monocots and eudicots diverged about:

An Introduction to Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

General Features of Cells

Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and Transport

An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Multicellularity

Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Gene Expression at the Molecular Level

Gene Regulation

Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Simple Patterns of Inheritance

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Developmental Genetics

Genetic Technology

Genomes, Proteomes, and Bioinformatics

The Origin and History of Life

An Introduction to Evolution

Population Genetics

Origin of Species and Macroevolution

Taxonomy and Systematics

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plants and the Conquest of Land

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

The Invertebrates

The Vertebrates

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

Flowering Plants: Behavior

Flowering Plants: Nutrition

Flowering Plants: Transport

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Introduction to Animal Form and Function

Neuroscience I: Cells of the Nervous System

Neuroscience Ii: Evolution and Function of the Brain and Nervous Systems

Neuroscience Iii: Sensory Systems

The Muscular-Skeletal System and Locomotion

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Control of Energy Balance, Metabolic Rate, and Body Temperature

Circulatory Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems and Salt and Water Balance

Endocrine Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immune Systems

An Introduction to Ecology and Biomes

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Species Interactions

Community Ecology

Ecosystems Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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