Question 1

Many new, previously unsuspected species have been discovered through application of the molecular technique of DNA sequencing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Various anaerobic Archaea that convert carbon dioxide and other carbon-bearing compounds into methane are called methanotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Organisms that fix nitrogen are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilizers 
B)  nitrophiles 
C)  diazotrophs 
D)  nodules 
E)  none of the options listed 
A)  fertilizers 
B)  nitrophiles 
C)  diazotrophs 
D)  nodules 
E)  none of the options listed

Question 4

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer than do Gram-negative bacteria. 
B)  They turn purple when subjected to the Gram-staining process whereas Gram-negative bacteria stain pink. 
C)  They lack the lipopolysaccharide that Gram-negative bacteria have. 
D)  They fluoresce at a different color than do Gram-negative bacteria. 
E)  They have a gram molecular weight of more than 1.0 whereas Gram-negative bacteria have a gram molecular weight of less than 1.0. 
A)  They have a thicker peptidoglycan layer than do Gram-negative bacteria. 
B)  They turn purple when subjected to the Gram-staining process whereas Gram-negative bacteria stain pink. 
C)  They lack the lipopolysaccharide that Gram-negative bacteria have. 
D)  They fluoresce at a different color than do Gram-negative bacteria. 
E)  They have a gram molecular weight of more than 1.0 whereas Gram-negative bacteria have a gram molecular weight of less than 1.0.

Question 5

There is great diversity of shape among microbes. Form is one of the ways different taxa can be distinguished. Which of the following shapes are not found among the microbes?

Accepted Answer

A)  rods 
B)  spheres 
C)  octagons 
D)  curved shapes 
E)  spirals 
A)  rods 
B)  spheres 
C)  octagons 
D)  curved shapes 
E)  spirals

Question 6

A parasite is also a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixer 
B)  autotroph 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  methanogen 
E)  mutualist 
A)  nitrogen fixer 
B)  autotroph 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  methanogen 
E)  mutualist

Question 7

Type III and Type IV systems are potentially applicable to treatment of human disease by using them to deliver DNA to target cells in human gene therapy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A pathogen is a parasitic microbe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of horizontal (lateral) transfer of genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A)  transfers genes from parent to progeny 
B)  increases genetic diversity 
C)  is important for inferring phylogeny 
D)  can produce large genetic change 
E)  occurs commonly in bacteria 
A)  transfers genes from parent to progeny 
B)  increases genetic diversity 
C)  is important for inferring phylogeny 
D)  can produce large genetic change 
E)  occurs commonly in bacteria

Question 10

Archaea are prokaryotes and Bacteria are eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following characteristics do not occur in ANY cyanobacterium?

Accepted Answer

A)  undergoes photosynthesis 
B)  poisons natural bodies of water 
C)  generates oxygen 
D)  generates methane 
E)  detects the Earth's magnetic field 
A)  undergoes photosynthesis 
B)  poisons natural bodies of water 
C)  generates oxygen 
D)  generates methane 
E)  detects the Earth's magnetic field

Question 12

Some bacteria exhibit a primitive form of behavior in that they can sense the properties of their environments and use that ability to make adaptive responses. Which of the following are NOT capabilities of any known bacterium?

Accepted Answer

A)  orientation with respect to the Earth's magnetic field 
B)  move to other bacteria and aggregate with them in response to chemical signals 
C)  find nutrients by moving upward in the water column with the aid of flotation devices 
D)  respond to other individual bacteria and transmit DNA via conjugation 
E)  none of the other options presented 
A)  orientation with respect to the Earth's magnetic field 
B)  move to other bacteria and aggregate with them in response to chemical signals 
C)  find nutrients by moving upward in the water column with the aid of flotation devices 
D)  respond to other individual bacteria and transmit DNA via conjugation 
E)  none of the other options presented

Exam 27: Bacteria and Archaea

Many new, previously unsuspected species have been discovered through application of the molecular technique of DNA sequencing.

Various anaerobic Archaea that convert carbon dioxide and other carbon-bearing compounds into methane are called methanotrophs.

Organisms that fix nitrogen are called:

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Gram-positive bacteria?

There is great diversity of shape among microbes. Form is one of the ways different taxa can be distinguished. Which of the following shapes are not found among the microbes?

A parasite is also a(n):

Type III and Type IV systems are potentially applicable to treatment of human disease by using them to deliver DNA to target cells in human gene therapy.

A pathogen is a parasitic microbe.

Which of the following is NOT true of horizontal (lateral) transfer of genetic information?

Archaea are prokaryotes and Bacteria are eukaryotes.

Which of the following characteristics do not occur in ANY cyanobacterium?

Some bacteria exhibit a primitive form of behavior in that they can sense the properties of their environments and use that ability to make adaptive responses. Which of the following are NOT capabilities of any known bacterium?

An Introduction to Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

General Features of Cells

Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and Transport

An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Multicellularity

Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Gene Expression at the Molecular Level

Gene Regulation

Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Simple Patterns of Inheritance

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Developmental Genetics

Genetic Technology

Genomes, Proteomes, and Bioinformatics

The Origin and History of Life

An Introduction to Evolution

Population Genetics

Origin of Species and Macroevolution

Taxonomy and Systematics

Protists

Plants and the Conquest of Land

The Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

The Invertebrates

The Vertebrates

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

Flowering Plants: Behavior

Flowering Plants: Nutrition

Flowering Plants: Transport

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Introduction to Animal Form and Function

Neuroscience I: Cells of the Nervous System

Neuroscience Ii: Evolution and Function of the Brain and Nervous Systems

Neuroscience Iii: Sensory Systems

The Muscular-Skeletal System and Locomotion

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Control of Energy Balance, Metabolic Rate, and Body Temperature

Circulatory Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems and Salt and Water Balance

Endocrine Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immune Systems

An Introduction to Ecology and Biomes

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Species Interactions

Community Ecology

Ecosystems Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

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