Question 1

The stroke volume index is calculated by dividing the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the cardiac output by the heart rate 
B)  mean arterial pressure by the cardiac output 
C)  stroke volume by the body surface area 
D)  systolic pressure by the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 
A)  the cardiac output by the heart rate 
B)  mean arterial pressure by the cardiac output 
C)  stroke volume by the body surface area 
D)  systolic pressure by the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure C

Question 2

Describe a normal arterial pressure waveform.

Accepted Answer

The systolic upstroke reflects the rapid increase of arterial pressure in the blood vessel during systole (ventricular contraction). The downslope or dicrotic limb is caused by the declining pressure that occurs during diastole (ventricular relaxation). The dicrotic notch is caused by the closure of the semilunar valves during diastole. The lowest point of the tracing represents the arterial end-diastolic pressure.

Question 3

Central venous pressure is measured by a catheter in the superior vena cava or ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  right atrium 
B)  right ventricle 
C)  left atrium 
D)  left ventricle 
A)  right atrium 
B)  right ventricle 
C)  left atrium 
D)  left ventricle A

Question 4

Pulse contour analysis uses a(n) ____ and other data to derive the cardiac output.

Accepted Answer

A)  arterial catheter 
B)  central venous catheter 
C)  pulmonary arterial pressure waveform 
D)  PCWP waveform 
A)  arterial catheter 
B)  central venous catheter 
C)  pulmonary arterial pressure waveform 
D)  PCWP waveform

Question 5

____ is increased in left heart blood flow obstruction.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) 
B)  Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 
C)  Central venous pressure (CVP) 
D)  Arterial pressure 
A)  Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) 
B)  Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 
C)  Central venous pressure (CVP) 
D)  Arterial pressure

Question 6

The _______________ measures the blood vessel resistance to blood flow in the systemic circulation.

Accepted Answer

systemic vascular re

Question 7

What are some advantages of using CVP monitoring.

Accepted Answer

The major advantage of the CVP in hemody

Question 8

MAP is the difference between arterial systolic and diastolic pressures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Describe how a pulmonary artery catheter is inserted.

Accepted Answer

The pulmonary artery catheter is usually

Question 10

The ____ indicates left ventricular contraction and passive atrial filling on a PCWP waveform.

Accepted Answer

A)  a wave 
B)  c wave 
C)  v wave 
D)  y downslope 
A)  a wave 
B)  c wave 
C)  v wave 
D)  y downslope

Question 11

Normal systolic PAP ranges from ____ mm Hg and the diastolic PAP from ____ mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 to 25; 6 to 12 
B)  20 to 30; 10 to 14 
C)  25 to 30; 14 to 18 
D)  30 to 40; 15 to 20 
A)  15 to 25; 6 to 12 
B)  20 to 30; 10 to 14 
C)  25 to 30; 14 to 18 
D)  30 to 40; 15 to 20

Question 12

ICG cannot provide values for ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  systemic vascular resistance 
B)  systemic vascular resistance index 
C)  pulmonary vascular resistance 
D)  contractility 
A)  systemic vascular resistance 
B)  systemic vascular resistance index 
C)  pulmonary vascular resistance 
D)  contractility

Question 13

What are some conditions that may cause a change to the PCWP waveform and how do they affect the waveform?

Accepted Answer

Increased PCWP measurements are often ob

Question 14

The dicrotic notch is caused by the closure of the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  semilunar valves during systole 
B)  semilunar valves during diastole 
C)  atrioventricular valves during systole 
D)  atrioventricular valves during diastole 
A)  semilunar valves during systole 
B)  semilunar valves during diastole 
C)  atrioventricular valves during systole 
D)  atrioventricular valves during diastole

Question 15

The ____ represents closure of the tricuspid valve during systole on a central venous pressure waveform.

Accepted Answer

A)  a wave 
B)  c wave 
C)  x downslope 
D)  y downslope 
A)  a wave 
B)  c wave 
C)  x downslope 
D)  y downslope

Question 16

____ is increased in systemic hypertension or hypervolemia.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) 
B)  Arterial pressure 
C)  Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 
D)  Central venous pressure (CVP) 
A)  Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) 
B)  Arterial pressure 
C)  Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) 
D)  Central venous pressure (CVP)

Question 17

Central venous pressure (CVP) can be monitored through a central venous catheter placed either in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  pulmonary artery near the right ventricle or in the right ventricle 
B)  superior vena cava near the right atrium or in the right atrium 
C)  pulmonary vein near the left atrium or in the left atrium 
D)  aorta near the left ventricle or in the left ventricle 
A)  pulmonary artery near the right ventricle or in the right ventricle 
B)  superior vena cava near the right atrium or in the right atrium 
C)  pulmonary vein near the left atrium or in the left atrium 
D)  aorta near the left ventricle or in the left ventricle

Question 18

Which of the following is a possible insertion site for a pulmonary artery catheter?

Accepted Answer

A)  radial artery 
B)  brachial artery 
C)  internal jugular vein 
D)  femoral artery 
A)  radial artery 
B)  brachial artery 
C)  internal jugular vein 
D)  femoral artery

Question 19

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring uses a(n) _______________ to convert a pressure signal (in the catheter) to an electronic signal (on the monitor).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Invasive hemodynamic monitoring uses a(n) _______________ to...

Question 20

Since ICG is less variable and more reproducible than other invasive methods, it has shown sufficient clinical usefulness to become a standard practice in noninvasive hemodynamic evaluations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The stroke volume index is calculated by dividing the ____.

Describe a normal arterial pressure waveform.

Central venous pressure is measured by a catheter in the superior vena cava or ____.

Pulse contour analysis uses a(n) ____ and other data to derive the cardiac output.

____ is increased in left heart blood flow obstruction.

The _______________ measures the blood vessel resistance to blood flow in the systemic circulation.

What are some advantages of using CVP monitoring.

MAP is the difference between arterial systolic and diastolic pressures.

Describe how a pulmonary artery catheter is inserted.

The ____ indicates left ventricular contraction and passive atrial filling on a PCWP waveform.

Normal systolic PAP ranges from mm Hg and the diastolic PAP from mm Hg.

ICG cannot provide values for ____.

What are some conditions that may cause a change to the PCWP waveform and how do they affect the waveform?

The dicrotic notch is caused by the closure of the ____.

The ____ represents closure of the tricuspid valve during systole on a central venous pressure waveform.

____ is increased in systemic hypertension or hypervolemia.

Central venous pressure (CVP) can be monitored through a central venous catheter placed either in the ____.

Which of the following is a possible insertion site for a pulmonary artery catheter?

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring uses a(n) _______________ to convert a pressure signal (in the catheter) to an electronic signal (on the monitor).

Since ICG is less variable and more reproducible than other invasive methods, it has shown sufficient clinical usefulness to become a standard practice in noninvasive hemodynamic evaluations.

Principles of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation

Classification of Mechanical Ventilators

Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Special Airways for Ventilation

Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Ventilator Waveform Analysis

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation

Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Issues in Mechanical Ventilation

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings

Filters

Exam 10: Hemodynamic Monitoring

The stroke volume index is calculated by dividing the ____.

Describe a normal arterial pressure waveform.

Central venous pressure is measured by a catheter in the superior vena cava or ____.

Pulse contour analysis uses a(n) ____ and other data to derive the cardiac output.

____ is increased in left heart blood flow obstruction.

The _______________ measures the blood vessel resistance to blood flow in the systemic circulation.

What are some advantages of using CVP monitoring.

MAP is the difference between arterial systolic and diastolic pressures.

Describe how a pulmonary artery catheter is inserted.

The ____ indicates left ventricular contraction and passive atrial filling on a PCWP waveform.

Normal systolic PAP ranges from ____ mm Hg and the diastolic PAP from ____ mm Hg.

ICG cannot provide values for ____.

What are some conditions that may cause a change to the PCWP waveform and how do they affect the waveform?

The dicrotic notch is caused by the closure of the ____.

The ____ represents closure of the tricuspid valve during systole on a central venous pressure waveform.

____ is increased in systemic hypertension or hypervolemia.

Central venous pressure (CVP) can be monitored through a central venous catheter placed either in the ____.

Which of the following is a possible insertion site for a pulmonary artery catheter?

Invasive hemodynamic monitoring uses a(n) _______________ to convert a pressure signal (in the catheter) to an electronic signal (on the monitor).

Since ICG is less variable and more reproducible than other invasive methods, it has shown sufficient clinical usefulness to become a standard practice in noninvasive hemodynamic evaluations.

Principles of Mechanical Ventilation

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation

Classification of Mechanical Ventilators

Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Special Airways for Ventilation

Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Ventilator Waveform Analysis

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation

Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Issues in Mechanical Ventilation

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings

Filters

Normal systolic PAP ranges from mm Hg and the diastolic PAP from mm Hg.