Question 1

For critically-ill patients, the static compliance is between 40 and ____ mL/cm H2O.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  60 
C)  70 
D)  80 
A)  50 
B)  60 
C)  70 
D)  80 B

Question 2

Outline the method used to measure static and dynamic compliance.

Accepted Answer

(1) Obtain corrected expired tidal volume.
(2) Obtain plateau pressure by applying inspiratory hold or occluding the exhalation port at end-inspiration.
(3) Obtain peak inspiratory pressure.
(4) Obtain positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level, if any.

Question 3

In a clinical setting, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and _______________ are two causes of increased work of breathing.

Accepted Answer

atelectasis

Question 4

In mechanical ventilation, the degree of airway resistance is primarily affected by the length, size, and patency of the airway, endotracheal tube, and _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In mechanical ventilation, the degree of airway...

Question 5

One of the most common causes of increased airway resistance is COPD.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

____ occurs when the patient's minute ventilation cannot keep up with CO2 production.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ventilatory failure 
B)  Refractory hypoxemia 
C)  Oxygenation failure 
D)  Deadspace ventilation 
A)  Ventilatory failure 
B)  Refractory hypoxemia 
C)  Oxygenation failure 
D)  Deadspace ventilation

Question 7

Which of the following is the difference between tidal volume and deadspace volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  minute alveolar ventilation 
B)  alveolar volume 
C)  (V/Q) ratio 
D)  physiologic deadspace 
A)  minute alveolar ventilation 
B)  alveolar volume 
C)  (V/Q) ratio 
D)  physiologic deadspace

Question 8

Which of the following is a clinical example of a condition that may lead to ventilatory pump failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  emphysema 
B)  hyperkalemia 
C)  pulmonary embolism 
D)  COPD 
A)  emphysema 
B)  hyperkalemia 
C)  pulmonary embolism 
D)  COPD

Question 9

One of the most frequent uses of mechanical ventilation is for the management of postoperative patients recovering from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  apnea and impending respiratory arrest 
B)  anesthesia and medications 
C)  acute severe asthma and heart failure 
D)  acute brain injury and flail chest 
A)  apnea and impending respiratory arrest 
B)  anesthesia and medications 
C)  acute severe asthma and heart failure 
D)  acute brain injury and flail chest

Question 10

Assessment of compliance can be divided into static compliance and dynamic compliance measurements. Explain the relationship and clinical significance of these measurements.

Accepted Answer

Static compliance is calculated by divid

Question 11

Normal airway resistance in healthy adults is between 0.5 to ____ cm H2O/L/sec.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.5 
B)  2.0 
C)  2.5 
D)  3.0 
A)  1.5 
B)  2.0 
C)  2.5 
D)  3.0

Question 12

When looking at the pressure-volume loop, a shift of the slope toward the pressure axis indicates a decrease in compliance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When a patient fails to ventilate or oxygenate adequately, the problem is caused by pathophysiological factors such as hyperventilation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The classic physiologic shunt equation ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  requires only an arterial blood sample 
B)  requires an arterial blood sample and a mixed venous blood sample 
C)  requires only a venous blood sample 
D)  does not require a blood sample 
A)  requires only an arterial blood sample 
B)  requires an arterial blood sample and a mixed venous blood sample 
C)  requires only a venous blood sample 
D)  does not require a blood sample

Question 15

Which of the following is defined as wasted ventilation, or a condition in which ventilation is in excess of perfusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  ventilatory failure 
B)  deadspace ventilation 
C)  refractory hypoxemia 
D)  oxygenation failure 
A)  ventilatory failure 
B)  deadspace ventilation 
C)  refractory hypoxemia 
D)  oxygenation failure

Question 16

What are the five mechanisms that lead to the development of ventilatory failure?

Accepted Answer

The five mechanisms are:
(1) hypoventila

Question 17

Regardless of the diagnosis or disease state, patients who require mechanical ventilation generally have developed _______________, oxygenation failure, or both.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Regardless of the diagnosis or disease state,...

Question 18

For critically-ill patients, the dynamic compliance is between 30 and ____ mL/cm H2O.

Accepted Answer

A)  40 
B)  50 
C)  60 
D)  70 
A)  40 
B)  50 
C)  60 
D)  70

Question 19

A(n) _______________ bowing of the P-V loop suggests an overall increase in airflow resistance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _______________ bowing of the P-V loop...

Question 20

The gas diffusion coefficient for carbon dioxide is ____ times greater than that for oxygen.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  14 
C)  17 
D)  19 
A)  10 
B)  14 
C)  17 
D)  19

For critically-ill patients, the static compliance is between 40 and ____ mL/cm H2O.

Outline the method used to measure static and dynamic compliance.

In a clinical setting, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and _______________ are two causes of increased work of breathing.

In mechanical ventilation, the degree of airway resistance is primarily affected by the length, size, and patency of the airway, endotracheal tube, and _______________.

One of the most common causes of increased airway resistance is COPD.

____ occurs when the patient's minute ventilation cannot keep up with CO₂ production.

Which of the following is the difference between tidal volume and deadspace volume?

Which of the following is a clinical example of a condition that may lead to ventilatory pump failure?

One of the most frequent uses of mechanical ventilation is for the management of postoperative patients recovering from ____.

Assessment of compliance can be divided into static compliance and dynamic compliance measurements. Explain the relationship and clinical significance of these measurements.

Normal airway resistance in healthy adults is between 0.5 to ____ cm H₂O/L/sec.

When looking at the pressure-volume loop, a shift of the slope toward the pressure axis indicates a decrease in compliance.

When a patient fails to ventilate or oxygenate adequately, the problem is caused by pathophysiological factors such as hyperventilation.

The classic physiologic shunt equation ____.

Which of the following is defined as wasted ventilation, or a condition in which ventilation is in excess of perfusion?

What are the five mechanisms that lead to the development of ventilatory failure?

Regardless of the diagnosis or disease state, patients who require mechanical ventilation generally have developed _______________, oxygenation failure, or both.

For critically-ill patients, the dynamic compliance is between 30 and ____ mL/cm H₂O.

A(n) _______________ bowing of the P-V loop suggests an overall increase in airflow resistance.

The gas diffusion coefficient for carbon dioxide is ____ times greater than that for oxygen.

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation

Classification of Mechanical Ventilators

Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Special Airways for Ventilation

Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilator Waveform Analysis

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation

Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Issues in Mechanical Ventilation

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings

Filters

Exam 1: Principles of Mechanical Ventilation

For critically-ill patients, the static compliance is between 40 and ____ mL/cm H2O.

Outline the method used to measure static and dynamic compliance.

In a clinical setting, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and _______________ are two causes of increased work of breathing.

In mechanical ventilation, the degree of airway resistance is primarily affected by the length, size, and patency of the airway, endotracheal tube, and _______________.

One of the most common causes of increased airway resistance is COPD.

____ occurs when the patient's minute ventilation cannot keep up with CO2 production.

Which of the following is the difference between tidal volume and deadspace volume?

Which of the following is a clinical example of a condition that may lead to ventilatory pump failure?

One of the most frequent uses of mechanical ventilation is for the management of postoperative patients recovering from ____.

Assessment of compliance can be divided into static compliance and dynamic compliance measurements. Explain the relationship and clinical significance of these measurements.

Normal airway resistance in healthy adults is between 0.5 to ____ cm H2O/L/sec.

When looking at the pressure-volume loop, a shift of the slope toward the pressure axis indicates a decrease in compliance.

When a patient fails to ventilate or oxygenate adequately, the problem is caused by pathophysiological factors such as hyperventilation.

The classic physiologic shunt equation ____.

Which of the following is defined as wasted ventilation, or a condition in which ventilation is in excess of perfusion?

What are the five mechanisms that lead to the development of ventilatory failure?

Regardless of the diagnosis or disease state, patients who require mechanical ventilation generally have developed _______________, oxygenation failure, or both.

For critically-ill patients, the dynamic compliance is between 30 and ____ mL/cm H2O.

A(n) _______________ bowing of the P-V loop suggests an overall increase in airflow resistance.

The gas diffusion coefficient for carbon dioxide is ____ times greater than that for oxygen.

Effects of Positive Pressure Ventilation

Classification of Mechanical Ventilators

Operating Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Special Airways for Ventilation

Airway Management in Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilator Waveform Analysis

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Pharmacotherapy for Mechanical Ventilation

Procedures Related to Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Issues in Mechanical Ventilation

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation in Non-Traditional Settings

Filters

____ occurs when the patient's minute ventilation cannot keep up with CO₂ production.

Normal airway resistance in healthy adults is between 0.5 to ____ cm H₂O/L/sec.

For critically-ill patients, the dynamic compliance is between 30 and ____ mL/cm H₂O.