Question 1

Vitamin E toxicity has been associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Atherosclerosis 
B)  Clotting deficiencies 
C)  An affliction of premature infants who have been exposed to high oxygen therapy and later developed retinopathy of prematurity (formerly retrolental fibroplasias) 
D)  Hepatoma 
A)  Atherosclerosis 
B)  Clotting deficiencies 
C)  An affliction of premature infants who have been exposed to high oxygen therapy and later developed retinopathy of prematurity (formerly retrolental fibroplasias) 
D)  Hepatoma C

Question 2

Which of the following functions as a chain-breaking antioxidant and is a pyroxyl radical scavenger that protects LDL and polyunsaturated fats in membranes from oxidation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D 
B)  ?-tocopherol 
C)  Thiamin 
D)  Menaquinone 
A)  Vitamin D 
B)  ?-tocopherol 
C)  Thiamin 
D)  Menaquinone B

Question 3

Which of the following is described as a nervous system ailment because of a deficiency of thiamine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pellagra 
B)  Multiple sclerosis 
C)  Beriberi 
D)  Parkinson disease 
A)  Pellagra 
B)  Multiple sclerosis 
C)  Beriberi 
D)  Parkinson disease C

Question 4

Decreased serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid are seen in patients with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary artery disease 
B)  Sprue 
C)  Beriberi 
D)  Wilson's disease 
A)  Coronary artery disease 
B)  Sprue 
C)  Beriberi 
D)  Wilson's disease

Question 5

A patient with megaloblastic anemia would show which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated vitamin B12, elevated folic acid 
B)  Elevated vitamin B12, decreased folic acid 
C)  Decrease vitamin B12, elevated folic acid 
D)  Decreased vitamin B12, decreased folic acid 
A)  Elevated vitamin B12, elevated folic acid 
B)  Elevated vitamin B12, decreased folic acid 
C)  Decrease vitamin B12, elevated folic acid 
D)  Decreased vitamin B12, decreased folic acid

Question 6

A direct assay for measurement of plasma phylloquinone is useful to assess:

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D status. 
B)  Vitamin B12 status. 
C)  Folate deficiency. 
D)  Vitamin K status. 
A)  Vitamin D status. 
B)  Vitamin B12 status. 
C)  Folate deficiency. 
D)  Vitamin K status.

Question 7

An individual who consumes massive amounts of vitamin C may develop kidney stones consisting of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolic acid. 
B)  Uric acid. 
C)  Oxalic acid. 
D)  Linoleic acid. 
A)  Glycolic acid. 
B)  Uric acid. 
C)  Oxalic acid. 
D)  Linoleic acid.

Question 8

Three natural forms of vitamin B6 are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholic acid, tauracholic acid, and glycocholic acid. 
B)  Pyridoxine (pyridoxol) (PN), pyridoxamine (PM), and pyridoxal (PL). 
C)  Caffeine, xanthene, and ubiquinone. 
D)  Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D) , flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and flavin. 
A)  Cholic acid, tauracholic acid, and glycocholic acid. 
B)  Pyridoxine (pyridoxol) (PN), pyridoxamine (PM), and pyridoxal (PL). 
C)  Caffeine, xanthene, and ubiquinone. 
D)  Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D) , flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and flavin.

Question 9

The term associated with indirect methods for assessment of vitamin status is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  Proportional assays. 
B)  Functional assays. 
C)  Reciprocal assays. 
D)  Bioassays. 
A)  Proportional assays. 
B)  Functional assays. 
C)  Reciprocal assays. 
D)  Bioassays.

Question 10

Which vitamin is a component of two redox coenzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Folic acid 
B)  Vitamin A 
C)  Vitamin C 
D)  Vitamin B2 
A)  Folic acid 
B)  Vitamin A 
C)  Vitamin C 
D)  Vitamin B2

Question 11

Vitamin B12 is also named:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyanocobalamin. 
B)  Riboflavin. 
C)  Retinol. 
D)  Tocopherols. 
A)  Cyanocobalamin. 
B)  Riboflavin. 
C)  Retinol. 
D)  Tocopherols.

Question 12

A patient presents with the following symptoms:
? Loss of appetite
? Generalized weakness and irritability
? Abdominal pain and vomiting
? Bright red tongue (glossitis)
? Skin rash ("Casal's necklace")
Which of the following is associated with these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scurvy 
B)  Rickets 
C)  Pellagra 
D)  Dermatitis 
A)  Scurvy 
B)  Rickets 
C)  Pellagra 
D)  Dermatitis

Question 13

Measurement of vitamin B12 concentration in serum using an immunoassay is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indirect assay 
B)  Direct assay 
C)  Screening assay 
D)  Bioassay 
A)  Indirect assay 
B)  Direct assay 
C)  Screening assay 
D)  Bioassay

Question 14

Niacin is converted to which of the following two cofactors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) 
B)  Vitamin B12 and ubiquinone 
C)  Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate 
D)  Thiamine pyrophosphate and biotin 
A)  Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FA
D)  and flavin mononucleotide (FMN) 
B)  Vitamin B12 and ubiquinone 
C)  Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate 
D)  Thiamine pyrophosphate and biotin

Question 15

Changes in vitamin B12 are most dramatic in tissues with the greatest rate of cell turnover because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Deficiencies result in impaired RNA synthesis in any cell where chromosomal replication and division takes place. 
B)  Deficiencies result in impaired excretion of metabolic waste products from the cells' cytosol. 
C)  Deficiencies result in impaired function of cytochrome P450. 
D)  Deficiencies result in impaired DNA synthesis in any cell where chromosomal replication and division takes place. 
A)  Deficiencies result in impaired RNA synthesis in any cell where chromosomal replication and division takes place. 
B)  Deficiencies result in impaired excretion of metabolic waste products from the cells' cytosol. 
C)  Deficiencies result in impaired function of cytochrome P450. 
D)  Deficiencies result in impaired DNA synthesis in any cell where chromosomal replication and division takes place.

Question 16

Insufficient amounts of vitamin A can lead to degenerative changes to the cornea, which leads to poor dark adaptation, or night blindness, also known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Myocarditis. 
B)  Dyslexia. 
C)  Photophobia. 
D)  Nyctalopia. 
A)  Myocarditis. 
B)  Dyslexia. 
C)  Photophobia. 
D)  Nyctalopia.

Question 17

Pellagra is associated with a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin B2 
B)  Vitamin B3 
C)  Vitamin B12 
D)  Vitamin D 
A)  Vitamin B2 
B)  Vitamin B3 
C)  Vitamin B12 
D)  Vitamin D

Question 18

Rickets in children or osteoporosis in adults can be minimized though dietary supplementation with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus 
B)  Vitamin K 
C)  Vitamin A 
D)  High doses of ascorbic acid 
A)  Vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus 
B)  Vitamin K 
C)  Vitamin A 
D)  High doses of ascorbic acid

Exam 23: Nutrition and Vitamins

Vitamin E toxicity has been associated with which of the following?

Which of the following functions as a chain-breaking antioxidant and is a pyroxyl radical scavenger that protects LDL and polyunsaturated fats in membranes from oxidation?

Which of the following is described as a nervous system ailment because of a deficiency of thiamine?

Decreased serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid are seen in patients with which of the following?

A patient with megaloblastic anemia would show which of the following?

A direct assay for measurement of plasma phylloquinone is useful to assess:

An individual who consumes massive amounts of vitamin C may develop kidney stones consisting of:

Three natural forms of vitamin B6 are:

The term associated with indirect methods for assessment of vitamin status is termed:

Which vitamin is a component of two redox coenzymes?

Vitamin B12 is also named:

A patient presents with the following symptoms: ? Loss of appetite ? Generalized weakness and irritability ? Abdominal pain and vomiting ? Bright red tongue (glossitis) ? Skin rash ("Casal's necklace") Which of the following is associated with these symptoms?

Measurement of vitamin B12 concentration in serum using an immunoassay is an example of which of the following?

Niacin is converted to which of the following two cofactors?

Changes in vitamin B12 are most dramatic in tissues with the greatest rate of cell turnover because:

Insufficient amounts of vitamin A can lead to degenerative changes to the cornea, which leads to poor dark adaptation, or night blindness, also known as:

Pellagra is associated with a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Rickets in children or osteoporosis in adults can be minimized though dietary supplementation with which of the following?

Laboratory Basics

Safety in the Clinical Chemistry Laboratory

Laboratory Statistics, Method Development and QC

Instrumentation, Laboratory Automation, and Informatics

Immunoassays

Molecular Diagnostics

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Nonprotein Nitrogen Questions

Body Water and Electrolyte Homeostasis

Blood Gases, PH, and Acid-Base Balance

Mineral and Bone Metabolism

The Endocrine System

Gastrointestinal Function

Pancreas

Cardiac Function

Liver

Iron, Porphyrins, and Hemoglobin

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Toxic Substances

Tumor Markers

Geriatrics

Pediatrics

Filters

Decreased serum levels of vitamin B₁₂ and folic acid are seen in patients with which of the following?

Three natural forms of vitamin B₆ are:

Vitamin B₁₂ is also named:

Measurement of vitamin B₁₂concentration in serum using an immunoassay is an example of which of the following?

Changes in vitamin B₁₂ are most dramatic in tissues with the greatest rate of cell turnover because: