Question 1

Creatinine levels are usually:

Accepted Answer

A)  0.1-0.6 mg/dL. 
B)  0.8-1.2 mg/dL. 
C)  1.5-2.5 mg/dL. 
D)  3.0-5.0 mg/dL. 
A)  0.1-0.6 mg/dL. 
B)  0.8-1.2 mg/dL. 
C)  1.5-2.5 mg/dL. 
D)  3.0-5.0 mg/dL. B

Question 2

A high BUN/creatinine ratio with an elevated creatinine is usually seen in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver disease. 
B)  Low protein intake. 
C)  Tubular necrosis. 
D)  Postrenal azotemia. 
A)  Liver disease. 
B)  Low protein intake. 
C)  Tubular necrosis. 
D)  Postrenal azotemia. D

Question 3

A technologist obtains a BUN value of 61 mg/dL and serum creatinine value of 3.5 mg/dL on a patient. The BUN/Creatinine ratio indicates:

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal failure. 
B)  Liver failure. 
C)  Gout. 
D)  Prerenal failure. 
A)  Renal failure. 
B)  Liver failure. 
C)  Gout. 
D)  Prerenal failure. A

Question 4

Increased uric acid is found in each of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Gout. 
B)  Hypothyroidism. 
C)  Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. 
D)  Renal failure. 
A)  Gout. 
B)  Hypothyroidism. 
C)  Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. 
D)  Renal failure.

Question 5

Renal azotemia is found in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Advanced cirrhosis. 
B)  High protein diets. 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome. 
D)  Dehydration. 
A)  Advanced cirrhosis. 
B)  High protein diets. 
C)  Nephrotic syndrome. 
D)  Dehydration.

Question 6

All of the following conditions are associated with hyperuricemia EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Liver failure. 
B)  Malignancy. 
C)  Renal failure. 
D)  Primary "essential" overproduction of uric acid. 
A)  Liver failure. 
B)  Malignancy. 
C)  Renal failure. 
D)  Primary "essential" overproduction of uric acid.

Question 7

Uric acid values are usually elevated in patients with leukemia because of the breakdown of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteins. 
B)  Nucleic acids (adenine and guanine). 
C)  Amino acids. 
D)  Epinephrine. 
A)  Proteins. 
B)  Nucleic acids (adenine and guanine). 
C)  Amino acids. 
D)  Epinephrine.

Question 8

Urea/BUN is produced from:

Accepted Answer

A)  The catabolism of proteins and amino acids. 
B)  Oxidation of purines. 
C)  Oxidation of pyrimidines. 
D)  The breakdown of complex carbohydrates. 
A)  The catabolism of proteins and amino acids. 
B)  Oxidation of purines. 
C)  Oxidation of pyrimidines. 
D)  The breakdown of complex carbohydrates.

Question 9

Prerenal hyperuricemia is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Dehydration. 
B)  Uremia. 
C)  Bladder tumors. 
D)  Prostatic hypertrophy. 
A)  Dehydration. 
B)  Uremia. 
C)  Bladder tumors. 
D)  Prostatic hypertrophy.

Question 10

Creatinine reacts with strong alkaline picrate to form a yellow-red compound. This reaction is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Nessler's reaction. 
B)  Ehrlich's diazo reaction. 
C)  Jaffe reaction. 
D)  Lieberman-Burchard reaction. 
A)  Nessler's reaction. 
B)  Ehrlich's diazo reaction. 
C)  Jaffe reaction. 
D)  Lieberman-Burchard reaction.

Question 11

The creatinine clearance test is routinely used to assess the glomerular filtration rate. Given the following information for an average size adult, calculate a creatinine clearance.
Urine creatinine: 120 mg/dL
Plasma creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL
24h urine volume: 1520 ml

Accepted Answer

A)  10.6 mL/min 
B)  15.2 mL/min 
C)  63.3 mL/min 
D)  94.7 mL/min 
E)  105.6 mL/min 
A)  10.6 mL/min 
B)  15.2 mL/min 
C)  63.3 mL/min 
D)  94.7 mL/min 
E)  105.6 mL/min

Question 12

The chief source of error in kidney evaluation using the excretion rate of substance is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The chemical method of analysis. 
B)  The timing and completeness of collection. 
C)  The test chosen for the evaluation. 
D)  The day-to-day variation of renal function. 
A)  The chemical method of analysis. 
B)  The timing and completeness of collection. 
C)  The test chosen for the evaluation. 
D)  The day-to-day variation of renal function.

Question 13

In the Berthelot method, BUN is measured by reaction with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium hydroxide and arsenomolybdate. 
B)  Dinitrophenylhydrazine. 
C)  Phenol and sodium hypochlorite. 
D)  Dinitrocarbazone. 
A)  Sodium hydroxide and arsenomolybdate. 
B)  Dinitrophenylhydrazine. 
C)  Phenol and sodium hypochlorite. 
D)  Dinitrocarbazone.

Question 14

A BUN of 10 mg/dL is obtained by a technologist. What is the urea concentration?

Accepted Answer

A)  25.0 mg/dL 
B)  21.4 mg/dL 
C)  18.4 mg/dL 
D)  9.3 mg/dL 
A)  25.0 mg/dL 
B)  21.4 mg/dL 
C)  18.4 mg/dL 
D)  9.3 mg/dL

Question 15

Serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine determinations are frequently requested together so that their ratio may be evaluated. What is the range of the normal ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine?

Accepted Answer

A)  1/1 and 10/1 
B)  12/1 and 20/1 
C)  15/1 and 20/1 
D)  20/1 and 30/1 
E)  25/1 and 30/1 
A)  1/1 and 10/1 
B)  12/1 and 20/1 
C)  15/1 and 20/1 
D)  20/1 and 30/1 
E)  25/1 and 30/1

Question 16

Creatinine would be increased in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reye's syndrome 
B)  Myocardial infarction 
C)  Muscular dystrophy 
D)  Hepatitis 
A)  Reye's syndrome 
B)  Myocardial infarction 
C)  Muscular dystrophy 
D)  Hepatitis

Question 17

Urea can be measured by incubation with urease followed by all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Formation of a colored product by reaction with diacetyl. 
B)  Measurement of increased conductivity. 
C)  Ion-selective electrode measurement of the ammonia produced. 
D)  NADH consumption in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase. 
A)  Formation of a colored product by reaction with diacetyl. 
B)  Measurement of increased conductivity. 
C)  Ion-selective electrode measurement of the ammonia produced. 
D)  NADH consumption in a reaction catalyzed by glutamate dehydrogenase.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an NPN substance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Urea 
B)  Ammonia 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  Troponin T 
A)  Urea 
B)  Ammonia 
C)  Creatinine 
D)  Troponin T

Question 19

Creatinine is formed from the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxidation of creatine. 
B)  Oxidation of protein. 
C)  Deamination of dibasic amino acids. 
D)  Metabolism of purines. 
A)  Oxidation of creatine. 
B)  Oxidation of protein. 
C)  Deamination of dibasic amino acids. 
D)  Metabolism of purines.

Question 20

Leukocyte reagent strips are used to detect leukocyte:

Accepted Answer

A)  Peroxidase. 
B)  Esterases. 
C)  Hydroxylase. 
D)  Phosphatase. 
A)  Peroxidase. 
B)  Esterases. 
C)  Hydroxylase. 
D)  Phosphatase.

Exam 11: Nonprotein Nitrogen Questions

Creatinine levels are usually:

A high BUN/creatinine ratio with an elevated creatinine is usually seen in:

A technologist obtains a BUN value of 61 mg/dL and serum creatinine value of 3.5 mg/dL on a patient. The BUN/Creatinine ratio indicates:

Increased uric acid is found in each of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Renal azotemia is found in:

All of the following conditions are associated with hyperuricemia EXCEPT:

Uric acid values are usually elevated in patients with leukemia because of the breakdown of:

Urea/BUN is produced from:

Prerenal hyperuricemia is caused by:

Creatinine reacts with strong alkaline picrate to form a yellow-red compound. This reaction is:

The creatinine clearance test is routinely used to assess the glomerular filtration rate. Given the following information for an average size adult, calculate a creatinine clearance. Urine creatinine: 120 mg/dL Plasma creatinine: 1.2 mg/dL 24h urine volume: 1520 ml

The chief source of error in kidney evaluation using the excretion rate of substance is:

In the Berthelot method, BUN is measured by reaction with:

A BUN of 10 mg/dL is obtained by a technologist. What is the urea concentration?

Serum urea nitrogen and serum creatinine determinations are frequently requested together so that their ratio may be evaluated. What is the range of the normal ratio of urea nitrogen to creatinine?

Creatinine would be increased in which of the following?

Urea can be measured by incubation with urease followed by all of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is NOT an NPN substance?

Creatinine is formed from the:

Leukocyte reagent strips are used to detect leukocyte:

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