Question 1

Morris, an 8-month-old, was exploring a toy truck. First, he tasted it. Then he banged it on the ground. Soon, he tried to throw it. Morris is using:

Accepted Answer

A)  the zone of proximal development 
B)  differentiation 
C)  schemas 
D)  symbolic representation 
A)  the zone of proximal development 
B)  differentiation 
C)  schemas 
D)  symbolic representation C

Question 2

A relationship-based program would be structured to assure that infants and toddlers:

Accepted Answer

A)  create relationships with everyone in the program 
B)  stay with one teacher and a small group of children over a long period of time 
C)  focus on their relationship with the teacher rather than develop peer relationships 
D)  have a limited variety of interactions with many teachers 
A)  create relationships with everyone in the program 
B)  stay with one teacher and a small group of children over a long period of time 
C)  focus on their relationship with the teacher rather than develop peer relationships 
D)  have a limited variety of interactions with many teachers B

Question 3

Paul knew what a bird and a squirrel was. Then he saw a flying squirrel for the first time in his life. He yelled, "look at that bird." This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  disequilibrium 
B)  accommodation 
C)  zone of proximal development 
D)  assimilation 
A)  disequilibrium 
B)  accommodation 
C)  zone of proximal development 
D)  assimilation D

Question 4

A teacher using the interpersonal development theory knows her interactions with the infant are building:

Accepted Answer

A)  his sense of identity 
B)  his ability to explore 
C)  his interest in objects 
D)  his sense of space 
A)  his sense of identity 
B)  his ability to explore 
C)  his interest in objects 
D)  his sense of space

Question 5

When a program is relationship-based, how does it incorporate theories such as transactional, attachment, language mapping, and learning to learn to move?

Accepted Answer

• Attends to quality of intera

Question 6

A teacher is trying to apply Erikson's theory to her organization of her toddler classroom. While she will do all of the following to meet the needs of the children, which of the following is an application of Erikson's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  She strives for an attachment bond with each child. 
B)  She sets up her environment so that children can develop autonomy. 
C)  She pays attention to children's zone of proximal development. 
D)  She first develops trust and then supports autonomy. 
A)  She strives for an attachment bond with each child. 
B)  She sets up her environment so that children can develop autonomy. 
C)  She pays attention to children's zone of proximal development. 
D)  She first develops trust and then supports autonomy.

Question 7

If you were designing an infant/toddler program based on constructivist theory of cognitive development, what components would you include as "learning experiences?"

Accepted Answer

• Open-ended play experiences
• Explorat

Question 8

A teacher understanding a child's need to "learn to learn to move" would:

Accepted Answer

A)  expect an infant to follow a predictable series of movements in a predictable timeline 
B)  know that movement development needs no encouragement 
C)  not expect an infant to use earlier postural or spatial knowledge as he/she tries a new mode of movement 
D)  wait for the family to discover new motor skills before reporting them 
A)  expect an infant to follow a predictable series of movements in a predictable timeline 
B)  know that movement development needs no encouragement 
C)  not expect an infant to use earlier postural or spatial knowledge as he/she tries a new mode of movement 
D)  wait for the family to discover new motor skills before reporting them

Question 9

How would you also use sociocultural theory in this program?

Accepted Answer

While children are playing, the teacher

Question 10

Transactional theory emphasizes that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the well-being of a child is dependent on events and forces far beyond the child's own experiences 
B)  separation and individuation are important aspects of development 
C)  infants/toddlers and their parents are constantly affecting each other 
D)  children construct their knowledge about the world 
A)  the well-being of a child is dependent on events and forces far beyond the child's own experiences 
B)  separation and individuation are important aspects of development 
C)  infants/toddlers and their parents are constantly affecting each other 
D)  children construct their knowledge about the world

Question 11

Which of the following is not true of theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Theories are explanations of events, observations, or life experiences. 
B)  Theories provide continuity between past and present events. 
C)  Theories provide ways to predict future events. 
D)  A strong, complex theory can explain all of development. 
A)  Theories are explanations of events, observations, or life experiences. 
B)  Theories provide continuity between past and present events. 
C)  Theories provide ways to predict future events. 
D)  A strong, complex theory can explain all of development.

Question 12

Maria usually chose to put together the puzzles with four pieces. One day she watched how her friend put an 8-piece puzzle together. After that she always chose the 8 piece puzzles and put them together successfully. This is an example of peer:

Accepted Answer

A)  scaffolding 
B)  symbolic representation 
C)  disequilibrium 
D)  assimilation 
A)  scaffolding 
B)  symbolic representation 
C)  disequilibrium 
D)  assimilation

Question 13

Ecobiodevelopmental theory asserts that:

Accepted Answer

A)  early experiences create the structure of the brain 
B)  genes are the dominant determinant of brain development 
C)  early interventions cannot overcome the power of poverty in brain development 
D)  improving early nutrition could break the cycle of poverty 
A)  early experiences create the structure of the brain 
B)  genes are the dominant determinant of brain development 
C)  early interventions cannot overcome the power of poverty in brain development 
D)  improving early nutrition could break the cycle of poverty

Question 14

The teacher in a program noticed even young infants paid most attention to objects, people, and significantly differing amounts. What theory guided her thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Social/cognitive 
B)  Social cultural 
C)  Core knowledge 
D)  Constructionism 
A)  Social/cognitive 
B)  Social cultural 
C)  Core knowledge 
D)  Constructionism

Question 15

A teacher applying Maslow's hierarchy of human needs will be concerned first about:

Accepted Answer

A)  a child's sense of trust and mistrust 
B)  a child's ego-integrity 
C)  a child's sense of safety 
D)  whether children have a sense of belonging 
A)  a child's sense of trust and mistrust 
B)  a child's ego-integrity 
C)  a child's sense of safety 
D)  whether children have a sense of belonging

Question 16

Sociocultural theory emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

A)  that a child learns independently from adults 
B)  the role of the adult in teaching or supporting the child's learning 
C)  that the child constructs his own knowledge 
D)  that attachment is a key component of development 
A)  that a child learns independently from adults 
B)  the role of the adult in teaching or supporting the child's learning 
C)  that the child constructs his own knowledge 
D)  that attachment is a key component of development

Question 17

The traditional theory of motor development proposes an ages and stages progression. Recently, though, Karen Adolph (2008) emphasizes that infants and toddlers learning to move is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an amazing feat 
B)  a product of good teaching 
C)  a process of learning 
D)  a result of innate biological abilities 
A)  an amazing feat 
B)  a product of good teaching 
C)  a process of learning 
D)  a result of innate biological abilities

Question 18

The New Science of Learning theory emphasizes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning is a decision-making process. 
B)  Learning uses mirror neurons and is social. 
C)  Learning is computational and uses core knowledge. 
D)  Learning is both interpsychological and intrapsychological. 
A)  Learning is a decision-making process. 
B)  Learning uses mirror neurons and is social. 
C)  Learning is computational and uses core knowledge. 
D)  Learning is both interpsychological and intrapsychological.

Question 19

Adult commitment to the well-being of the child is a key feature of which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transactional theory 
B)  Bioecological theory 
C)  Relationship-based theory 
D)  Maslow's hierarchy of human needs 
A)  Transactional theory 
B)  Bioecological theory 
C)  Relationship-based theory 
D)  Maslow's hierarchy of human needs

Question 20

Infants and toddlers are active learners who co-construct language with adults. This is primarily an example of which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sociocultural theory 
B)  Dynamic systems theory 
C)  Social cognitive/learning theory 
D)  Social interaction theory 
A)  Sociocultural theory 
B)  Dynamic systems theory 
C)  Social cognitive/learning theory 
D)  Social interaction theory

Morris, an 8-month-old, was exploring a toy truck. First, he tasted it. Then he banged it on the ground. Soon, he tried to throw it. Morris is using:

A relationship-based program would be structured to assure that infants and toddlers:

Paul knew what a bird and a squirrel was. Then he saw a flying squirrel for the first time in his life. He yelled, "look at that bird." This is an example of:

A teacher using the interpersonal development theory knows her interactions with the infant are building:

When a program is relationship-based, how does it incorporate theories such as transactional, attachment, language mapping, and learning to learn to move?

A teacher is trying to apply Erikson's theory to her organization of her toddler classroom. While she will do all of the following to meet the needs of the children, which of the following is an application of Erikson's theory?

If you were designing an infant/toddler program based on constructivist theory of cognitive development, what components would you include as "learning experiences?"

A teacher understanding a child's need to "learn to learn to move" would:

How would you also use sociocultural theory in this program?

Transactional theory emphasizes that:

Which of the following is not true of theories?

Maria usually chose to put together the puzzles with four pieces. One day she watched how her friend put an 8-piece puzzle together. After that she always chose the 8 piece puzzles and put them together successfully. This is an example of peer:

Ecobiodevelopmental theory asserts that:

The teacher in a program noticed even young infants paid most attention to objects, people, and significantly differing amounts. What theory guided her thinking?

A teacher applying Maslow's hierarchy of human needs will be concerned first about:

Sociocultural theory emphasizes:

The traditional theory of motor development proposes an ages and stages progression. Recently, though, Karen Adolph (2008) emphasizes that infants and toddlers learning to move is:

The New Science of Learning theory emphasizes which of the following?

Adult commitment to the well-being of the child is a key feature of which of the following theories?

Infants and toddlers are active learners who co-construct language with adults. This is primarily an example of which of the following theories?

The Importance of the Infant and Toddler Years: A Relationship-Based Approach

Infants, Toddlers, and Their Families

The Power of Observation: Learning About Infants and Toddlers

Genetics and Prenatal Development

Emotional Learning and Development

Social Learning and Development With Peers

Cognitive Learning and Development

Language Learning and Development

Motor Learning and Development

Responsive Programs: Quality, Health, Safety, and Nutrition

Creating a Relationship-Based Curriculum

Routines, Environments, and Opportunities: Day to Day the Relationship Way

Respect, Reflect, and Relate: The 3-R Approach to Guidance

Including Infants and Toddlers With Disabilities in Child Care and Learning Program

The Infant-Toddler Professional

Filters

Exam 3: Understanding and Using Theories

Morris, an 8-month-old, was exploring a toy truck. First, he tasted it. Then he banged it on the ground. Soon, he tried to throw it. Morris is using:

A relationship-based program would be structured to assure that infants and toddlers:

Paul knew what a bird and a squirrel was. Then he saw a flying squirrel for the first time in his life. He yelled, "look at that bird." This is an example of:

A teacher using the interpersonal development theory knows her interactions with the infant are building:

When a program is relationship-based, how does it incorporate theories such as transactional, attachment, language mapping, and learning to learn to move?

A teacher is trying to apply Erikson's theory to her organization of her toddler classroom. While she will do all of the following to meet the needs of the children, which of the following is an application of Erikson's theory?

If you were designing an infant/toddler program based on constructivist theory of cognitive development, what components would you include as "learning experiences?"

A teacher understanding a child's need to "learn to learn to move" would:

How would you also use sociocultural theory in this program?

Transactional theory emphasizes that:

Which of the following is not true of theories?

Maria usually chose to put together the puzzles with four pieces. One day she watched how her friend put an 8-piece puzzle together. After that she always chose the 8 piece puzzles and put them together successfully. This is an example of peer:

Ecobiodevelopmental theory asserts that:

The teacher in a program noticed even young infants paid most attention to objects, people, and significantly differing amounts. What theory guided her thinking?

A teacher applying Maslow's hierarchy of human needs will be concerned first about:

Sociocultural theory emphasizes:

The traditional theory of motor development proposes an ages and stages progression. Recently, though, Karen Adolph (2008) emphasizes that infants and toddlers learning to move is:

The New Science of Learning theory emphasizes which of the following?

Adult commitment to the well-being of the child is a key feature of which of the following theories?

Infants and toddlers are active learners who co-construct language with adults. This is primarily an example of which of the following theories?

The Importance of the Infant and Toddler Years: A Relationship-Based Approach

Infants, Toddlers, and Their Families

The Power of Observation: Learning About Infants and Toddlers

Genetics and Prenatal Development

Emotional Learning and Development

Social Learning and Development With Peers

Cognitive Learning and Development

Language Learning and Development

Motor Learning and Development

Responsive Programs: Quality, Health, Safety, and Nutrition

Creating a Relationship-Based Curriculum

Routines, Environments, and Opportunities: Day to Day the Relationship Way

Respect, Reflect, and Relate: The 3-R Approach to Guidance

Including Infants and Toddlers With Disabilities in Child Care and Learning Program

The Infant-Toddler Professional

Filters