Question 1

The purpose of the first intelligence test was to

Accepted Answer

A)  determine admittance to Stanford University. 
B)  assess fitness for military service during World War I. 
C)  distinguish between children who could succeed in school with additional help and those incapable of succeeding within the normal school curriculum. 
D)  serve as a research tool in assessing whether intelligence is due primarily to genetic or environmental influences. 
A)  determine admittance to Stanford University. 
B)  assess fitness for military service during World War I. 
C)  distinguish between children who could succeed in school with additional help and those incapable of succeeding within the normal school curriculum. 
D)  serve as a research tool in assessing whether intelligence is due primarily to genetic or environmental influences. C

Question 2

According to the text, classroom observations of native Hawaiian and First Nations children suggest that instructional styles can clash with cultural norms guiding

Accepted Answer

A)  language exchanges. 
B)  use of materials. 
C)  how books are treated. 
D)  references to religion. 
A)  language exchanges. 
B)  use of materials. 
C)  how books are treated. 
D)  references to religion. A

Question 3

On which task are 8-year-olds with school experience MOST likely to outperform 8-year-olds without school experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conservation of volume 
B)  Categorizing food items according to an abstract classification scheme 
C)  Conservation of number 
D)  Navigating their way around the community in which they live 
A)  Conservation of volume 
B)  Categorizing food items according to an abstract classification scheme 
C)  Conservation of number 
D)  Navigating their way around the community in which they live B

Question 4

David Geary, an evolutionary psychologist, developed a model that depicts domains of the human mind that have evolved over time. According to Geary,

Accepted Answer

A)  biologically primary abilities have been shaped by natural selection. 
B)  biologically primary abilities are not universal but are specific to certain cultures. 
C)  biologically secondary abilities include language and face recognition. 
D)  biologically secondary abilities have been shaped by natural selection. 
A)  biologically primary abilities have been shaped by natural selection. 
B)  biologically primary abilities are not universal but are specific to certain cultures. 
C)  biologically secondary abilities include language and face recognition. 
D)  biologically secondary abilities have been shaped by natural selection.

Question 5

Intelligence is seen as a composite of a number of "specific" intelligences as opposed to a general ability by whom?

Accepted Answer

A)  J. P. Guilford 
B)  Louis Thurstone 
C)  Howard Gardner 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  J. P. Guilford 
B)  Louis Thurstone 
C)  Howard Gardner 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 6

The strongest support for a large genetic influence on IQ would be provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of separated monozygotic twins who were separated at birth and who grew up in extremely different environments. 
B)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of dizygotic twins who were raised together. 
C)  a higher positive correlation between the IQs of adopted children and their adoptive parents than between adopted children and their biological parents. 
D)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of nonbiological siblings raised together. 
A)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of separated monozygotic twins who were separated at birth and who grew up in extremely different environments. 
B)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of dizygotic twins who were raised together. 
C)  a higher positive correlation between the IQs of adopted children and their adoptive parents than between adopted children and their biological parents. 
D)  a high positive correlation between the IQs of nonbiological siblings raised together.

Question 7

It is difficult to separate environmental and genetic influences on IQ even in studies of adopted children because

Accepted Answer

A)  although the separation of mother and infant does not always occur at birth, the biological mother provides none of the postbirth environment. 
B)  the adoptive mother makes important prenatal environmental contributions to intelligence. 
C)  adoption agencies often try to match characteristics of adoptive parents with those of biological parents. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  although the separation of mother and infant does not always occur at birth, the biological mother provides none of the postbirth environment. 
B)  the adoptive mother makes important prenatal environmental contributions to intelligence. 
C)  adoption agencies often try to match characteristics of adoptive parents with those of biological parents. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 8

An IQ test necessarily involves __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an evaluative component that is impossible to escape 
B)  not just differences but ordered differences 
C)  racial bias 
D)  both a and b 
A)  an evaluative component that is impossible to escape 
B)  not just differences but ordered differences 
C)  racial bias 
D)  both a and b

Question 9

Which of the following issues is relevant to a discussion of IQ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normative versus idiographic 
B)  Continuity versus discontinuity 
C)  Nature versus nurture 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  Normative versus idiographic 
B)  Continuity versus discontinuity 
C)  Nature versus nurture 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 10

Stephen Ceci argues that the positive relationship between schooling and IQ

Accepted Answer

A)  is supported by the fact that children's IQs tend to decline over summer vacation. 
B)  reflects the fact that schooling nurtures the same skills assessed on IQ tests. 
C)  is due in part to the fact that intelligent people tend to stay in school longer. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct 
A)  is supported by the fact that children's IQs tend to decline over summer vacation. 
B)  reflects the fact that schooling nurtures the same skills assessed on IQ tests. 
C)  is due in part to the fact that intelligent people tend to stay in school longer. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct

Question 11

Hannah is considered "gifted" by her teachers and parents. Hannah would most likely display all but which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exceptionality "across the board" (i.e., global giftedness) 
B)  Precocity 
C)  Marching to her own drummer 
D)  A rage to master 
A)  Exceptionality "across the board" (i.e., global giftedness) 
B)  Precocity 
C)  Marching to her own drummer 
D)  A rage to master

Question 12

The HOME instrument assesses quality of the child's environment at which age?

Accepted Answer

A)  infancy 
B)  preschool 
C)  middle childhood and adolescence 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  infancy 
B)  preschool 
C)  middle childhood and adolescence 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 13

How does the intelligence test approach to cognitive development differ from both the Piagetian and information processing perspectives?

Accepted Answer

A)  The intelligence test approach is more scientific. 
B)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes individual differences in children's intelligence. 
C)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes basic processes. 
D)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes the origins of knowledge. 
A)  The intelligence test approach is more scientific. 
B)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes individual differences in children's intelligence. 
C)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes basic processes. 
D)  The intelligence test approach emphasizes the origins of knowledge.

Question 14

What do the findings of twin studies, adoption studies, and intervention studies tell us about environmental and genetic influences on IQ?

Accepted Answer

The findings of twin studies, adoption s

Question 15

Ability grouping refers to the following practice of

Accepted Answer

A)  separating students into groups of similar ability for instructional purposes. 
B)  dividing children into groups based on their scores on the mathematical scale of an IQ test. 
C)  parents' tendency to unconsciously group their children according to ability. 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct 
A)  separating students into groups of similar ability for instructional purposes. 
B)  dividing children into groups based on their scores on the mathematical scale of an IQ test. 
C)  parents' tendency to unconsciously group their children according to ability. 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct

Question 16

The following factor makes Better Beginnings, Better Futures and Aboriginal Head Start unique among early intervention programs.

Accepted Answer

A)  A predominant focus on boosting early IQ 
B)  A focus on language development 
C)  A holistic approach and an emphasis on community involvement 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct. 
A)  A predominant focus on boosting early IQ 
B)  A focus on language development 
C)  A holistic approach and an emphasis on community involvement 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 17

Sameroff et al. followed a sample of children from age 4 to 14 and found that

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ was negatively related to a number of risk factors. 
B)  risk factors were not related to IQ, demonstrating that environment has little impact on IQ. 
C)  risk factors were important at age 4 but had no relation to IQ later on. 
D)  the number of risk factors was positively correlated with age. 
A)  IQ was negatively related to a number of risk factors. 
B)  risk factors were not related to IQ, demonstrating that environment has little impact on IQ. 
C)  risk factors were important at age 4 but had no relation to IQ later on. 
D)  the number of risk factors was positively correlated with age.

Question 18

Biologically primary abilities

Accepted Answer

A)  are evolved abilities shaped by natural selection to solve recurring problems faced by ancestral humans. 
B)  are non-evolved abilities that are considered "unnatural." 
C)  include abilities such as reading and writing. 
D)  are culture specific rather than universal. 
A)  are evolved abilities shaped by natural selection to solve recurring problems faced by ancestral humans. 
B)  are non-evolved abilities that are considered "unnatural." 
C)  include abilities such as reading and writing. 
D)  are culture specific rather than universal.

Question 19

The consistent finding of positive correlations among different measures of intelligence is MOST supportive of the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no such thing as general intelligence. 
B)  intelligence is genetically determined. 
C)  cultural influences on intelligence are minimal. 
D)  intelligence is one unitary trait. 
A)  there is no such thing as general intelligence. 
B)  intelligence is genetically determined. 
C)  cultural influences on intelligence are minimal. 
D)  intelligence is one unitary trait.

Question 20

Perhaps surprisingly, does not seem to influence school success.

Accepted Answer

A)  class size 
B)  clear emphasis on academic goals 
C)  assignment and grading of homework regularly 
D)  firm but fair discipline 
A)  class size 
B)  clear emphasis on academic goals 
C)  assignment and grading of homework regularly 
D)  firm but fair discipline

The purpose of the first intelligence test was to

According to the text, classroom observations of native Hawaiian and First Nations children suggest that instructional styles can clash with cultural norms guiding

On which task are 8-year-olds with school experience MOST likely to outperform 8-year-olds without school experience?

David Geary, an evolutionary psychologist, developed a model that depicts domains of the human mind that have evolved over time. According to Geary,

Intelligence is seen as a composite of a number of "specific" intelligences as opposed to a general ability by whom?

The strongest support for a large genetic influence on IQ would be provided by

It is difficult to separate environmental and genetic influences on IQ even in studies of adopted children because

An IQ test necessarily involves __________.

Which of the following issues is relevant to a discussion of IQ?

Stephen Ceci argues that the positive relationship between schooling and IQ

Hannah is considered "gifted" by her teachers and parents. Hannah would most likely display all but which of the following characteristics?

The HOME instrument assesses quality of the child's environment at which age?

How does the intelligence test approach to cognitive development differ from both the Piagetian and information processing perspectives?

What do the findings of twin studies, adoption studies, and intervention studies tell us about environmental and genetic influences on IQ?

Ability grouping refers to the following practice of

The following factor makes Better Beginnings, Better Futures and Aboriginal Head Start unique among early intervention programs.

Sameroff et al. followed a sample of children from age 4 to 14 and found that

Biologically primary abilities

The consistent finding of positive correlations among different measures of intelligence is MOST supportive of the idea that

Perhaps surprisingly, does not seem to influence school success.

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters

Exam 10: Intelligence and Schooling

The purpose of the first intelligence test was to

According to the text, classroom observations of native Hawaiian and First Nations children suggest that instructional styles can clash with cultural norms guiding

On which task are 8-year-olds with school experience MOST likely to outperform 8-year-olds without school experience?

David Geary, an evolutionary psychologist, developed a model that depicts domains of the human mind that have evolved over time. According to Geary,

Intelligence is seen as a composite of a number of "specific" intelligences as opposed to a general ability by whom?

The strongest support for a large genetic influence on IQ would be provided by

It is difficult to separate environmental and genetic influences on IQ even in studies of adopted children because

An IQ test necessarily involves __________.

Which of the following issues is relevant to a discussion of IQ?

Stephen Ceci argues that the positive relationship between schooling and IQ

Hannah is considered "gifted" by her teachers and parents. Hannah would most likely display all but which of the following characteristics?

The HOME instrument assesses quality of the child's environment at which age?

How does the intelligence test approach to cognitive development differ from both the Piagetian and information processing perspectives?

What do the findings of twin studies, adoption studies, and intervention studies tell us about environmental and genetic influences on IQ?

Ability grouping refers to the following practice of

The following factor makes Better Beginnings, Better Futures and Aboriginal Head Start unique among early intervention programs.

Sameroff et al. followed a sample of children from age 4 to 14 and found that

Biologically primary abilities

The consistent finding of positive correlations among different measures of intelligence is MOST supportive of the idea that

Perhaps surprisingly, does not seem to influence school success.

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Prenatal Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters