Question 1

The periods of prenatal development occur in which order?

Accepted Answer

A)  embryo, fetus, zygote 
B)  zygote, embryo, fetus 
C)  zygote, fetus, embryo 
D)  embryo, zygote, fetus 
A)  embryo, fetus, zygote 
B)  zygote, embryo, fetus 
C)  zygote, fetus, embryo 
D)  embryo, zygote, fetus B

Question 2

The mesodermal layer eventually gives rise to the

Accepted Answer

A)  heart and sex organs. 
B)  sensory parts of the eye, nose, and ear. 
C)  brain. 
D)  skin. 
A)  heart and sex organs. 
B)  sensory parts of the eye, nose, and ear. 
C)  brain. 
D)  skin. A

Question 3

A blood test to detect excess phenylalanine in the blood and eye drops to prevent infection at birth

Accepted Answer

A)  are measures taken during the neonatal period. 
B)  are examples of early intervention that prevent major problems. 
C)  have prevented intellectual disabilities and blindness, respectively. 
D)  All the alternatives are correct. 
A)  are measures taken during the neonatal period. 
B)  are examples of early intervention that prevent major problems. 
C)  have prevented intellectual disabilities and blindness, respectively. 
D)  All the alternatives are correct. D

Question 4

In biblical times, congenital defects were often attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  the foods consumed by mothers. 
B)  the mating of humans with animals. 
C)  environmental influences such as bad air. 
D)  problems in the early stages of cell division. 
A)  the foods consumed by mothers. 
B)  the mating of humans with animals. 
C)  environmental influences such as bad air. 
D)  problems in the early stages of cell division.

Question 5

The advantage of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) over amniocentesis is that CVS

Accepted Answer

A)  can be performed earlier than amniocentesis. 
B)  carries a lower risk of miscarriage. 
C)  provides a picture of the developing fetus. 
D)  can be performed on ova fertilized in vitro prior to implantation. 
A)  can be performed earlier than amniocentesis. 
B)  carries a lower risk of miscarriage. 
C)  provides a picture of the developing fetus. 
D)  can be performed on ova fertilized in vitro prior to implantation.

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the effects of high lead exposure on development is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prenatal exposure to lead is associated with increased rates of childhood leukemia. 
B)  Exposure to lead during the prenatal period does not damage the fetus, but exposure to lead during childhood is linked with motor and cognitive deficits. 
C)  Exposure to lead during both the prenatal and childhood periods is linked with intellectual disability and neuromuscular problems. 
D)  Children exposed to high levels of lead during the prenatal period, and infancy, are at increased risk for emotional problems as adults. 
A)  Prenatal exposure to lead is associated with increased rates of childhood leukemia. 
B)  Exposure to lead during the prenatal period does not damage the fetus, but exposure to lead during childhood is linked with motor and cognitive deficits. 
C)  Exposure to lead during both the prenatal and childhood periods is linked with intellectual disability and neuromuscular problems. 
D)  Children exposed to high levels of lead during the prenatal period, and infancy, are at increased risk for emotional problems as adults.

Question 7

Male external sex organs appear

Accepted Answer

A)  during the period of the zygote. 
B)  around the fifth week. 
C)  by the end of the first trimester. 
D)  by the end of the second trimester. 
A)  during the period of the zygote. 
B)  around the fifth week. 
C)  by the end of the first trimester. 
D)  by the end of the second trimester.

Question 8

What are the potential effects of using large amounts of aspirin during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  miscarriage, bleeding, and newborn respiratory problems 
B)  staining of teeth and bone growth abnormalities 
C)  hearing loss 
D)  intellectual disability, eye damage, and hearing loss 
A)  miscarriage, bleeding, and newborn respiratory problems 
B)  staining of teeth and bone growth abnormalities 
C)  hearing loss 
D)  intellectual disability, eye damage, and hearing loss

Question 9

Explain why some teratogens have more severe effects on the fetus than others, depending on the period in which the fetus is exposed to the teratogen.

Accepted Answer

Teratogens are substances that can cause

Question 10

Chloe O'Brien, born in England in April 1992, was the first baby to be born after in vitro fertilization following DNA analysis before implantation. Her parents were carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. Chloe's mother:

Accepted Answer

A)  required amniocentesis to assure her that her baby did not have cystic fibrosis. 
B)  faced the possibility of abortion if chorionic villus sampling indicated that her baby had cystic fibrosis. 
C)  needed both chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis to discover whether her baby had cystic fibrosis. 
D)  knew before implantation that her baby did not have cystic fibrosis. 
A)  required amniocentesis to assure her that her baby did not have cystic fibrosis. 
B)  faced the possibility of abortion if chorionic villus sampling indicated that her baby had cystic fibrosis. 
C)  needed both chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis to discover whether her baby had cystic fibrosis. 
D)  knew before implantation that her baby did not have cystic fibrosis.

Question 11

Nongenetic agents that can cause abnormal fetal development are called

Accepted Answer

A)  toxins. 
B)  translocations. 
C)  teratogens. 
D)  mutations. 
A)  toxins. 
B)  translocations. 
C)  teratogens. 
D)  mutations.

Question 12

What percent of the 33,000 babies born with cytomegalovirus each year are seriously affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 - 10% 
B)  20 - 25% 
C)  40 - 50% 
D)  80 - 90% 
A)  5 - 10% 
B)  20 - 25% 
C)  40 - 50% 
D)  80 - 90%

Question 13

According to Fried and colleagues' Ottawa Prenatal Prospective Study, exposure to marijuana correlates with several symptoms in newborns. Which is NOT one of these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical defects in body structure 
B)  Fine motor tremors 
C)  Exaggerated and prolonged startle responses 
D)  Poor habituation to visual stimuli 
A)  Physical defects in body structure 
B)  Fine motor tremors 
C)  Exaggerated and prolonged startle responses 
D)  Poor habituation to visual stimuli

Question 14

At what point in development are most of the 100 billion cells of the adult brain first apparent?

Accepted Answer

A)  at 3 months gestational age 
B)  at 5 months gestational age 
C)  at birth 
D)  at age 2 years 
A)  at 3 months gestational age 
B)  at 5 months gestational age 
C)  at birth 
D)  at age 2 years

Question 15

Implantation takes about

Accepted Answer

A)  24 hours. 
B)  3 days. 
C)  1 week. 
D)  2 weeks. 
A)  24 hours. 
B)  3 days. 
C)  1 week. 
D)  2 weeks.

Question 16

According to Fried (1989), most women reduce or stop their use of __________ once they become aware of their pregnancies.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol and cigarettes 
B)  marijuana 
C)  crack 
D)  All the alternatives are correct. 
A)  alcohol and cigarettes 
B)  marijuana 
C)  crack 
D)  All the alternatives are correct.

Question 17

Genetic counselling involves a range of activities focused on determining the likelihood that a couple will

Accepted Answer

A)  be able to conceive an offspring. 
B)  be able to cope with the stresses of childrearing. 
C)  pass on a defective genetic traits to their offspring. 
D)  all of the alternatives are accurate. 
A)  be able to conceive an offspring. 
B)  be able to cope with the stresses of childrearing. 
C)  pass on a defective genetic traits to their offspring. 
D)  all of the alternatives are accurate.

Question 18

The Public Health Agency of Canada issued a report in 2007 that advised expectant mothers that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no safe amount and safe time to drink alcohol during pregnancy. 
B)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the first trimester. 
C)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the second trimester. 
D)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the third trimester. 
A)  there is no safe amount and safe time to drink alcohol during pregnancy. 
B)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the first trimester. 
C)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the second trimester. 
D)  consuming alcohol during pregnancy is acceptable in small amounts during the third trimester.

Question 19

Research into the effects of marijuana exposure on the developing baby indicates that negative effects

Accepted Answer

A)  are less likely if the users engage in other good health practices. 
B)  are imminent and long-lasting. 
C)  only seem to last for the first two weeks after birth. 
D)  can include an early addiction to marijuana. 
A)  are less likely if the users engage in other good health practices. 
B)  are imminent and long-lasting. 
C)  only seem to last for the first two weeks after birth. 
D)  can include an early addiction to marijuana.

Question 20

In vitro fertilization refers to a procedure whereby

Accepted Answer

A)  the sperm of the father is introduced into the womb of a surrogate mother, who then carries the baby to term. 
B)  sperm is collected over time and frozen, to be thawed if needed sometime in the future. 
C)  an egg and sperm are united in a Petri dish. 
D)  the mother is impregnated by sperm selected from a sperm bank. 
A)  the sperm of the father is introduced into the womb of a surrogate mother, who then carries the baby to term. 
B)  sperm is collected over time and frozen, to be thawed if needed sometime in the future. 
C)  an egg and sperm are united in a Petri dish. 
D)  the mother is impregnated by sperm selected from a sperm bank.

The periods of prenatal development occur in which order?

The mesodermal layer eventually gives rise to the

A blood test to detect excess phenylalanine in the blood and eye drops to prevent infection at birth

In biblical times, congenital defects were often attributed to

The advantage of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) over amniocentesis is that CVS

Which of the following statements about the effects of high lead exposure on development is true?

Male external sex organs appear

What are the potential effects of using large amounts of aspirin during pregnancy?

Explain why some teratogens have more severe effects on the fetus than others, depending on the period in which the fetus is exposed to the teratogen.

Chloe O'Brien, born in England in April 1992, was the first baby to be born after in vitro fertilization following DNA analysis before implantation. Her parents were carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. Chloe's mother:

Nongenetic agents that can cause abnormal fetal development are called

What percent of the 33,000 babies born with cytomegalovirus each year are seriously affected?

According to Fried and colleagues' Ottawa Prenatal Prospective Study, exposure to marijuana correlates with several symptoms in newborns. Which is NOT one of these symptoms?

At what point in development are most of the 100 billion cells of the adult brain first apparent?

Implantation takes about

According to Fried (1989), most women reduce or stop their use of __________ once they become aware of their pregnancies.

Genetic counselling involves a range of activities focused on determining the likelihood that a couple will

The Public Health Agency of Canada issued a report in 2007 that advised expectant mothers that

Research into the effects of marijuana exposure on the developing baby indicates that negative effects

In vitro fertilization refers to a procedure whereby

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters

Exam 4: Prenatal Development

The periods of prenatal development occur in which order?

The mesodermal layer eventually gives rise to the

A blood test to detect excess phenylalanine in the blood and eye drops to prevent infection at birth

In biblical times, congenital defects were often attributed to

The advantage of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) over amniocentesis is that CVS

Which of the following statements about the effects of high lead exposure on development is true?

Male external sex organs appear

What are the potential effects of using large amounts of aspirin during pregnancy?

Explain why some teratogens have more severe effects on the fetus than others, depending on the period in which the fetus is exposed to the teratogen.

Chloe O'Brien, born in England in April 1992, was the first baby to be born after in vitro fertilization following DNA analysis before implantation. Her parents were carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. Chloe's mother:

Nongenetic agents that can cause abnormal fetal development are called

What percent of the 33,000 babies born with cytomegalovirus each year are seriously affected?

According to Fried and colleagues' Ottawa Prenatal Prospective Study, exposure to marijuana correlates with several symptoms in newborns. Which is NOT one of these symptoms?

At what point in development are most of the 100 billion cells of the adult brain first apparent?

Implantation takes about

According to Fried (1989), most women reduce or stop their use of __________ once they become aware of their pregnancies.

Genetic counselling involves a range of activities focused on determining the likelihood that a couple will

The Public Health Agency of Canada issued a report in 2007 that advised expectant mothers that

Research into the effects of marijuana exposure on the developing baby indicates that negative effects

In vitro fertilization refers to a procedure whereby

Background and Theories

Research Methods

Genetics: The Biological Context of Development

Physical Development: Birth, Motor Skills, and Growth

Neural and Brain Development

Language Development

Sensory and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagetian and Vygotskian Approaches

Cognitive Development: The Information-Processing Approach

Intelligence and Schooling

Early Social and Emotional Development

Development of the Self

Moral Development

Families and Peers

Gender-Role Development and Sex Differences

Filters