Exam 8: Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Corey's mother was advised that he should wait another year before starting kindergarten. Since he was old enough, she enrolled him anyway. If Corey fits the profile of other children who were recommended to be held back a year, he

The rate of language acquisition is faster for bilingual children.

Sam is helping his younger brother put a puzzle together. He teaches him strategies such as matching colors and starting with the corners. The process Sam is using to teach his brother is called

When they are learning two languages simultaneously, research shows that children

A typical child goes from a 200-word vocabulary at age 2 to how many words at age 6?

Four-year-old Clinton is talking to his grandmother on the phone. He looks out of the window as he talks and sees a bird in a tree. Clinton says "Look at the bird, Granny! What kind is it?" His belief that his grandmother sees what he sees is called

Justin is shown a picture and describes how it makes him feel. Then he is asked how the picture would make his mother feel. Justin gives the same response as his own. Justin's lack of differentiation shows he has not yet developed

An example of a question that a 6-year-old would interpret as a request or a demand instead of a question would be

Explain the following characteristics of preoperational thought: intuitive thinking, egocentrism, animism, and artificialism. What are two of the main limitations of preoperational thinking?

Piaget viewed language as a(n) ________ system.

Tony, who is 3, often talks to himself while playing with his toys. Vygotsky called this

The term Piaget used to refer to a young child's inability to take another person's perspective is

In Stage 2, Piaget called logical processes that can be reversed ________.

A cognitive scaffold is meant to be permanent.

The support given to children as they learn a new skill is called

Neuroscience research with adults has identified specific brain areas (specifically, the anterior cingulated gyrus and the lateral _____ areas) that are involved in being alert to stimuli.

Neuroscientists have found different neural patterns within the same child in response to words from the dominant versus non-dominant language as early as _____ months of age.

The speed and accuracy with which a person can process information is referred to as

In bilingualism, if people see the second language as superior and the first as inferior in some way, children will be more likely to _____.

Adults remember about _____ times as much as 2-year-olds when asked to recall numbers in a specific order.