Exam 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World

Recall Medvec and her colleagues' (1995) study of the emotions experienced by Olympic athletes who won bronze and silver medals.If silver medalists outperformed bronze medalists, why were they less happy?

Researchers Miyamoto, Nisbett, and Masuda compared photographs of city scenes in the U.S.and Japan.They found that on average, city scenes in the U.S.

Automatic thinking tends to be all of the following EXCEPT

In the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007) presented in your text, what made people behave more altruistically, actually leaving more money for a stranger? They were

Based on the study by Shariff and Norenzayan (2007) presented in your text, if you pass by several churches, then a block or so later a homeless person asks you for change, how are you likely to behave?

Korsakov's syndrome is a neurological disorder that makes sufferers unable to form new memories.The world is disorienting and incoherent to patients with this disorder, so they often confabulate and invent fictions to make the world less scary and confusing.A social psychologist might say that these patients

Isabella goes to a fortune teller who tells her, "You are the type of person who is very outgoing and sociable, yet at times you enjoy being alone." Isabella thinks this captures her personality amazingly well, because she finds many instances in her memories of such behaviors.Isabella has just fallen prey to the

With regard to the use of base rate information, the evidence suggests that people

Several studies conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues involved showing participants two similar pictures and asking them to find the differences between them.Nisbett and colleagues found that East Asian participants were more likely to focus on details such as

Jason cannot stop thinking about the fact that because he turned in his term paper late, he missed getting an "A" in the class.He repetitively focuses on this negative part of the class; in other words, his counterfactual thinking has turned into

New professors often have to concentrate very hard to give a lecture, and monitor themselves carefully to make sure they're not talking too fast and that they are using appropriate and clear examples.More seasoned professors do not have to concentrate as much, and can talk clearly and engagingly, and keep an eye on students all at the same time.This example represents the transition from ________ thinking to ________ thinking as professors gain experience.

The way that automatic and controlled thinking tend to work together can be best compared to a

In general, when people first encounter a novel situation, they tend to

When a researcher interviewed both a Scotsman and a Bantu herdsman about the particulars of a cattle transaction, the Scot ________, whereas the Bantu herdsman ________.

Psychologists distinguish between two types of cognitive processing.________ thinking is nonconscious and unintentional, whereas ________ thinking is conscious and intentional.

All of the following describe controlled thinking except

According to research conducted by Nisbett and his colleagues (1987), how might you improve your social reasoning? Take a(n) ________ course.

When people classify a stimulus based on how similar it appears to be to the typical case, they are using the ________ heuristic.

Researchers asked some participants to think of six times they had behaved assertively and asked other participants to think of twelve times they had behaved assertively, and then asked all participants to rate how assertive they thought they really were.Participants who tried to generate six examples of assertive behaviors rated themselves as more assertive than did participants who tried to generate twelve examples.The point that this study illustrates is that

Aoi is from Japan.If you want her to think analytically, what will you have to do?