Question 1

Living things are highly ordered.So why does life not violate the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A) Life can only violate the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) Life only needs to follow the first law of thermodynamics. 
C) Life takes in energy to maintain order and, in doing so, decreases order elsewhere. 
D) Life gives off energy to maintain order and, in doing so, decreases order elsewhere. 
A) Life can only violate the first law of thermodynamics. 
B) Life only needs to follow the first law of thermodynamics. 
C) Life takes in energy to maintain order and, in doing so, decreases order elsewhere. 
D) Life gives off energy to maintain order and, in doing so, decreases order elsewhere.

Question 2

The substance that is worked on by an enzyme is called:

Accepted Answer

A) product. 
B) coenzyme. 
C) inhibitor. 
D) substrate. 
A) product. 
B) coenzyme. 
C) inhibitor. 
D) substrate.

Question 3

Enzymes work to speed up a chemical reaction by:

Accepted Answer

A) supplying the energy needed for the reaction. 
B) increasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
C) lowering the activation energy of the reaction. 
D) attaching coenzymes to the substrate. 
E) heating up the substrate. 
A) supplying the energy needed for the reaction. 
B) increasing the activation energy of the reaction. 
C) lowering the activation energy of the reaction. 
D) attaching coenzymes to the substrate. 
E) heating up the substrate.

Question 4

Which would be an example of a catalyst in action?

Accepted Answer

A) a glycoprotein binding to a cell 
B) a protein converting glucose and fructose into sucrose without being changed itself 
C) glucose and galactose binding to form lactose 
D) a phosphate group attached to a protein changing its shape 
A) a glycoprotein binding to a cell 
B) a protein converting glucose and fructose into sucrose without being changed itself 
C) glucose and galactose binding to form lactose 
D) a phosphate group attached to a protein changing its shape

Question 5

Methyl alcohol,also known as wood alcohol,is a common solvent and paint remover.It is poisonous if accidentally swallowed.The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase in the liver converts methyl alcohol into formaldehyde,which then gets converted into a toxic product.Grain alcohol,ethyl alcohol,is also acted upon by alcohol dehydrogenase.One antidote for methyl alcohol poisoning is to make a person drink a lot of ethyl alcohol.This blocks the active site of the enzyme so that it can't bind to and break down the methyl alcohol.In this capacity,the ethyl alcohol is acting as a/an:

Accepted Answer

A) allosteric regulator. 
B) coenzyme. 
C) competitive inhibtor. 
D) precursor. 
A) allosteric regulator. 
B) coenzyme. 
C) competitive inhibtor. 
D) precursor.

Question 6

The study of the thermodynamics of biology is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of the thermodynamics of biology...

Question 7

In the reaction glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + heat,the:

Accepted Answer

A) products have more potential energy than the reactants. 
B) products have less potential energy than the reactants. 
C) products have the same amount of potential energy as the reactants. 
D) entropy has decreased. 
A) products have more potential energy than the reactants. 
B) products have less potential energy than the reactants. 
C) products have the same amount of potential energy as the reactants. 
D) entropy has decreased.

Question 8

Only eukaryotic cells depend on ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is false?

Accepted Answer

A) They function as catalysts. 
B) The active site of an enzyme has a shape that is specific for its given substrate. 
C) They increase the activation energy required for chemical reactions to proceed. 
D) Many enzymes utilize coenzymes, such as vitamins. 
A) They function as catalysts. 
B) The active site of an enzyme has a shape that is specific for its given substrate. 
C) They increase the activation energy required for chemical reactions to proceed. 
D) Many enzymes utilize coenzymes, such as vitamins.

Question 10

Explain why it takes energy to create starch from glucose,but it does not take energy to create glucose from starch.In your explanation,describe the law of thermodynamics that explains this,and describe how.

Accepted Answer

Creating starch requires energ

Question 11

It has been hypothesized that,if the sun disappeared,all life would end.Other than the obvious drop in temperature,why would humans probably die if the sun suddenly stopped shining?

Accepted Answer

Plants provide us with both th

Question 12

Which of the following is true of allosteric enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) Their activity can be reduced when the product binds the enzyme. 
B) Their activity can be reduced when the substrate binds the enzyme. 
C) Their coenzyme is removed when the product binds the enzyme. 
D) Their activity can be increased by competitive inhibitors. 
A) Their activity can be reduced when the product binds the enzyme. 
B) Their activity can be reduced when the substrate binds the enzyme. 
C) Their coenzyme is removed when the product binds the enzyme. 
D) Their activity can be increased by competitive inhibitors.

Question 13

A reaction that requires the input of energy to move forward is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A reaction that requires the input of...

Question 14

What percentage of the energy stored in glucose do humans recover by cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) 100 percent 
B) 48 percent 
C) 52 percent 
D) 37 percent 
E) 15 percent 
A) 100 percent 
B) 48 percent 
C) 52 percent 
D) 37 percent 
E) 15 percent

Question 15

Enzymes increase the activation energy needed for a particular reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The energy released during ________ reactions can be used to drive ________ reactions,and this is called ________ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) endergonic; exergonic; coupled 
B) exergonic; endergonic; coupled 
C) endergonic; exergonic; mutually dependent 
D) exergonic; endergonic; mutually dependent 
A) endergonic; exergonic; coupled 
B) exergonic; endergonic; coupled 
C) endergonic; exergonic; mutually dependent 
D) exergonic; endergonic; mutually dependent

Question 17

You have a friend who tells you she is lactose intolerant.She asks you to explain what this means.You say to her:

Accepted Answer

A) "You cannot digest milk because you cannot absorb it in your intestines." 
B) "You are allergic to milk." 
C) "You cannot digest milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the sugar in the milk." 
D) "You cannot digest the milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the protein in the milk." 
E) "You cannot digest the milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the lipid in the milk." 
A) "You cannot digest milk because you cannot absorb it in your intestines." 
B) "You are allergic to milk." 
C) "You cannot digest milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the sugar in the milk." 
D) "You cannot digest the milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the protein in the milk." 
E) "You cannot digest the milk because you do not have the enzyme to break down the lipid in the milk."

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: Using the energy from the breakdown of molecules to fuel the construction of new molecules
The breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones,with the release of energy
A source of chemical energy for metabolic processes
The energy required to initiate a chemical reaction
Links the study of energy to life
The building of larger molecules,requiring energy
The study of energy

Accepted Answer

The Answer of ATP and thermodynamics and endergonic reaction and is...

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is false?

Accepted Answer

A) They accelerate the rate of chemical reactions. 
B) Many activities in living organisms require multiple enzymes. 
C) One enzyme will work on many different substrate molecules to produce many different products. 
D) They can carry out hundreds of chemical transformations per second. 
A) They accelerate the rate of chemical reactions. 
B) Many activities in living organisms require multiple enzymes. 
C) One enzyme will work on many different substrate molecules to produce many different products. 
D) They can carry out hundreds of chemical transformations per second.

Question 20

The function of chymotrypsin is to:

Accepted Answer

A) break down proteins into amino acids. 
B) synthesize glycogen. 
C) synthesize proteins. 
D) break down glycogen into glucose. 
A) break down proteins into amino acids. 
B) synthesize glycogen. 
C) synthesize proteins. 
D) break down glycogen into glucose.

Exam 6: Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Living things are highly ordered.So why does life not violate the second law of thermodynamics?

The substance that is worked on by an enzyme is called:

Enzymes work to speed up a chemical reaction by:

Which would be an example of a catalyst in action?

The study of the thermodynamics of biology is known as ________.

In the reaction glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + heat,the:

Only eukaryotic cells depend on ATP.

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is false?

Explain why it takes energy to create starch from glucose,but it does not take energy to create glucose from starch.In your explanation,describe the law of thermodynamics that explains this,and describe how.

It has been hypothesized that,if the sun disappeared,all life would end.Other than the obvious drop in temperature,why would humans probably die if the sun suddenly stopped shining?

Which of the following is true of allosteric enzymes?

A reaction that requires the input of energy to move forward is ________.

What percentage of the energy stored in glucose do humans recover by cellular respiration?

Enzymes increase the activation energy needed for a particular reaction.

The energy released during ________ reactions can be used to drive ________ reactions,and this is called ________ reactions.

You have a friend who tells you she is lactose intolerant.She asks you to explain what this means.You say to her:

Which of the following statements concerning enzymes is false?

The function of chymotrypsin is to:

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

Filters

The energy released during reactions can be used to drive reactions,and this is called reactions.