Question 1

Most enzymes are:

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) lipids. 
D) vitamins. 
E) carbohydrates. 
A) proteins. 
B) nucleic acids. 
C) lipids. 
D) vitamins. 
E) carbohydrates.

Question 2

A ________ is a set of enzymatically controlled steps that results in the completion of a product or process in an organism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ is a set of enzymatically...

Question 3

A ripped piece of paper will never spontaneously repair itself.Explain the law of thermodynamics that explains why this is so.

Accepted Answer

According to the second law of

Question 4

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.
  
-You have a job as an assistant in a morgue.You are startled (almost to death)when a corpse that recently came in suddenly sits up and remains very stiff.This muscle contraction and stiffness in a dead body is known as rigor mortis.Using your knowledge of the ADP/ATP cycle and its role in muscle contraction,explain why rigor mortis occurs.

Accepted Answer

Any remaining ATP in the muscles of the

Question 5

When you digest the starch in plants into glucose,some energy is lost as heat.This increases the ________ of the universe.

Accepted Answer

A) energy 
B) order 
C) entropy 
D) potential 
E) equilibrium 
A) energy 
B) order 
C) entropy 
D) potential 
E) equilibrium

Question 6

Metabolism is the sum of all the:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP a cell contains. 
B) energy a cell uses. 
C) chemical reactions that a cell carries out. 
D) vitamins a cell contains. 
E) enzymes a cell contains. 
A) ATP a cell contains. 
B) energy a cell uses. 
C) chemical reactions that a cell carries out. 
D) vitamins a cell contains. 
E) enzymes a cell contains.

Question 7

The second law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

A) energy is required to bring molecules into a cell against a concentration gradient. 
B) energy can be neither created nor destroyed. 
C) all living organisms must eat to derive energy. 
D) in energy-yielding reactions, matter goes from a more-ordered to a less-ordered state. 
A) energy is required to bring molecules into a cell against a concentration gradient. 
B) energy can be neither created nor destroyed. 
C) all living organisms must eat to derive energy. 
D) in energy-yielding reactions, matter goes from a more-ordered to a less-ordered state.

Question 8

Enzymes themselves are altered in the process of catalyzing chemical transformations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which law of thermodynamics explains the fact that we must eat to gain the energy to perform the functions of life,such as breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) second law 
B) fourth law 
C) fifth law 
D) first law 
E) third law 
A) second law 
B) fourth law 
C) fifth law 
D) first law 
E) third law

Question 10

In allosteric enzyme regulation,which of the following is false about the molecules that can inhibit enzyme activity?

Accepted Answer

A) They can cause the active site to have a poor shape for binding substrate. 
B) They can increase substrate binding. 
C) They cause a change in the enzyme's shape. 
D) They can bind to a site other than the active site. 
A) They can cause the active site to have a poor shape for binding substrate. 
B) They can increase substrate binding. 
C) They cause a change in the enzyme's shape. 
D) They can bind to a site other than the active site.

Question 11

People with high cholesterol levels often take drugs in an attempt to lower their cholesterol levels.One such drug is Lipitor.How does this drug work?

Accepted Answer

A) It enhances the activity of enzymes that help break down cholesterol in the body. 
B) It prevents cholesterol from the diet from being absorbed in the small intestine. 
C) It acts as a competitive inhibitor by binding to the active site of enzymes that normally produce cholesterol. 
D) It increases the activation energy of enzymes needed to produce cholesterol. 
A) It enhances the activity of enzymes that help break down cholesterol in the body. 
B) It prevents cholesterol from the diet from being absorbed in the small intestine. 
C) It acts as a competitive inhibitor by binding to the active site of enzymes that normally produce cholesterol. 
D) It increases the activation energy of enzymes needed to produce cholesterol.

Question 12

Endergonic reactions release energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

In the following reaction,which of the following is an example of a substrate? Lactase
Lactose → Glucose + Galactose

Accepted Answer

A) galactose 
B) glucose 
C) lactose 
D) lactase 
A) galactose 
B) glucose 
C) lactose 
D) lactase

Question 14

Gasoline will not burn in your car's engine unless it is ignited with a spark from a sparkplug.In this situation,the spark is providing:

Accepted Answer

A) activation energy. 
B) hydrolytic energy. 
C) coenzyme energy. 
D) enzymatic energy. 
E) entropy. 
A) activation energy. 
B) hydrolytic energy. 
C) coenzyme energy. 
D) enzymatic energy. 
E) entropy.

Question 15

Which of the following is endergonic?

Accepted Answer

A) cells breaking down glucose into CO₂ 
B) the burning of wood 
C) the digestion of proteins in the stomach 
D) breaking bonds in starch to produce glucose 
E) the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water 
A) cells breaking down glucose into CO₂ 
B) the burning of wood 
C) the digestion of proteins in the stomach 
D) breaking bonds in starch to produce glucose 
E) the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water

Question 16

What makes an enzyme a catalyst?

Accepted Answer

A) its ability to change shape to fit the substrate 
B) it speeds up a chemical reaction but can only be used once 
C) it speeds up a chemical reaction but becomes changed by the reaction 
D) it speeds up a chemical reaction but is not changed by the reaction 
E) its amino acids 
A) its ability to change shape to fit the substrate 
B) it speeds up a chemical reaction but can only be used once 
C) it speeds up a chemical reaction but becomes changed by the reaction 
D) it speeds up a chemical reaction but is not changed by the reaction 
E) its amino acids

Question 17

You have been asked to explain to a high school class the first law of thermodynamics and how this law affects the students' lives.Using your own words,describe the first law of thermodynamics,and give an example (other than the examples described in the chapter).

Accepted Answer

The first law of thermodynamics explains

Question 18

Coenzymes:

Accepted Answer

A) serve as catalysts. 
B) make proteins. 
C) help enzymes to function. 
D) break down sugars. 
A) serve as catalysts. 
B) make proteins. 
C) help enzymes to function. 
D) break down sugars.

Exam 6: Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Most enzymes are:

A ________ is a set of enzymatically controlled steps that results in the completion of a product or process in an organism.

A ripped piece of paper will never spontaneously repair itself.Explain the law of thermodynamics that explains why this is so.

When you digest the starch in plants into glucose,some energy is lost as heat.This increases the ________ of the universe.

Metabolism is the sum of all the:

The second law of thermodynamics states that:

Enzymes themselves are altered in the process of catalyzing chemical transformations.

Which law of thermodynamics explains the fact that we must eat to gain the energy to perform the functions of life,such as breathing?

In allosteric enzyme regulation,which of the following is false about the molecules that can inhibit enzyme activity?

People with high cholesterol levels often take drugs in an attempt to lower their cholesterol levels.One such drug is Lipitor.How does this drug work?

Endergonic reactions release energy.

In the following reaction,which of the following is an example of a substrate? Lactase Lactose → Glucose + Galactose

Gasoline will not burn in your car's engine unless it is ignited with a spark from a sparkplug.In this situation,the spark is providing:

Which of the following is endergonic?

What makes an enzyme a catalyst?

You have been asked to explain to a high school class the first law of thermodynamics and how this law affects the students' lives.Using your own words,describe the first law of thermodynamics,and give an example (other than the examples described in the chapter).

Coenzymes:

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

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