Question 1

What happens if an incorrect nucleotide is not removed and replaced by the cell's DNA-correcting machinery?

Accepted Answer

A) A point mutation has occurred. 
B) The result is a chromosomal aberration. 
C) The effect will be lethal, and the cell will die. 
D) The cell will become cancerous. 
E) The entire chromosome must be destroyed. 
A) A point mutation has occurred. 
B) The result is a chromosomal aberration. 
C) The effect will be lethal, and the cell will die. 
D) The cell will become cancerous. 
E) The entire chromosome must be destroyed.

Question 2

What are the products of the replication of one DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) four identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
B) two strands joined into one double-stranded DNA molecule 
C) two identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
D) a set of four sister chromatids 
E) a pair of homologous chromosomes 
A) four identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
B) two strands joined into one double-stranded DNA molecule 
C) two identical double-stranded DNA molecules 
D) a set of four sister chromatids 
E) a pair of homologous chromosomes

Question 3

Which of the following is not a component of DNA nucleotides?

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose 
B) a phosphate group 
C) adenine 
D) arginine 
E) guanine 
A) deoxyribose 
B) a phosphate group 
C) adenine 
D) arginine 
E) guanine

Question 4

A base pair is a unit of DNA that consists of:

Accepted Answer

A) one sugar bonded to one phosphate. 
B) a single chromosome. 
C) one nucleotide. 
D) two nucleotides, one on each complementary strand of a DNA molecule. 
E) two identical chromosomes. 
A) one sugar bonded to one phosphate. 
B) a single chromosome. 
C) one nucleotide. 
D) two nucleotides, one on each complementary strand of a DNA molecule. 
E) two identical chromosomes.

Question 5

On average,if you examine 1 million human cells looking at a single gene,you'll find one cell with a mutation in that gene.If you were looking at a gene that could lead to cancer when mutated,how many mutated copies of that gene would you find in a person? (Assume a person contains 100 trillion [100,000,000,000,000] cells.)

Accepted Answer

A) 100,000,000 
B) 1,000 
C) 1,000,000 
D) 10,000,000,000 
E) 100 
A) 100,000,000 
B) 1,000 
C) 1,000,000 
D) 10,000,000,000 
E) 100

Question 6

Describe what happens to the two parent strands of DNA during DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The two strands of DNA separat

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the two strands of a DNA molecule is true?

Accepted Answer

A) An A base on one strand always pairs with a G base on the other strand. 
B) The strands are a pair of sister chromatids. 
C) The strands are connected to each other by sugar-phosphate bonds. 
D) A T base on one strand always pairs with an A base on the other strand. 
E) The strands have identical base sequences. 
A) An A base on one strand always pairs with a G base on the other strand. 
B) The strands are a pair of sister chromatids. 
C) The strands are connected to each other by sugar-phosphate bonds. 
D) A T base on one strand always pairs with an A base on the other strand. 
E) The strands have identical base sequences.

Question 8

The DNA of a cell is analyzed and found to contain 28 percent thymine.What percent of the DNA would by cytosine?

Accepted Answer

A) 22 percent 
B) 28 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 25 percent 
A) 22 percent 
B) 28 percent 
C) 50 percent 
D) 25 percent

Question 9

Which type of mutation will have the most impact from an evolutionary point of view?

Accepted Answer

A) a mutation in a somatic cell 
B) a mutation in a liver cell 
C) a mutation in a germ-line cell 
D) a mutation in a brain cell 
A) a mutation in a somatic cell 
B) a mutation in a liver cell 
C) a mutation in a germ-line cell 
D) a mutation in a brain cell

Question 10

In DNA,A,C,G,and T are abbreviations for the:

Accepted Answer

A) different types of bases on the nucleotides. 
B) different types of sugars on the nucleotides. 
C) types of genes found on DNA chromosomes. 
D) different types of bonds that form between nucleotides. 
E) different types of phosphates on the nucleotides. 
A) different types of bases on the nucleotides. 
B) different types of sugars on the nucleotides. 
C) types of genes found on DNA chromosomes. 
D) different types of bonds that form between nucleotides. 
E) different types of phosphates on the nucleotides.

Question 11

Mutations that occur in somatic cells are:

Accepted Answer

A) responsible for the appearance of human diseases such as sickle-cell anemia. 
B) never harmful. 
C) passed on to successive generations when they are incorporated into gametes. 
D) not passed on to future generations. 
E) always harmful. 
A) responsible for the appearance of human diseases such as sickle-cell anemia. 
B) never harmful. 
C) passed on to successive generations when they are incorporated into gametes. 
D) not passed on to future generations. 
E) always harmful.

Question 12

A mutation involving a single base pair in the genome is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A mutation involving a single base pair...

Question 13

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.
  
-A G-C base pair holds the double helix together more strongly than an A-T base pair.Can you suggest a reason why?

Accepted Answer

There are three hydrogen bonds

Question 14

The nucleotides in one strand of DNA are held together by:

Accepted Answer

A) bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
B) hydrogen bonds between phosphates. 
C) bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
D) hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. 
E) links between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next. 
A) bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
B) hydrogen bonds between phosphates. 
C) bonds between the phosphate of one nucleotide and the base of the next. 
D) hydrogen bonds between complementary bases. 
E) links between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.

Question 15

The average mutation rate for DNA replication is 1 mutation for every 10 billion (10,000,000,000) nucleotides of DNA replicated. Yet DNA polymerase makes a mistake during replication at an average of 1 in 100,000 nucleotides. What does this say about DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most errors in DNA replication become mutations. 
B)  The base-pairing rules (A pairs with T and G pairs with 
C)  prevent any mutations. 
C)  Cells are extraordinarily proficient at repairing errors made during DNA replication. 
D)  Cells recognize that a small fraction of mutations are beneficial to organisms and do not repair those. 
A)  Most errors in DNA replication become mutations. 
B)  The base-pairing rules (A pairs with T and G pairs with 
C)  prevent any mutations. 
C)  Cells are extraordinarily proficient at repairing errors made during DNA replication. 
D)  Cells recognize that a small fraction of mutations are beneficial to organisms and do not repair those.

Question 16

Which of the following would be considered an environmental mutagen?

Accepted Answer

A) free radicals 
B) ultraviolet light 
C) spontaneous events 
D) the collision of water molecules with DNA 
E) DNA replication errors 
A) free radicals 
B) ultraviolet light 
C) spontaneous events 
D) the collision of water molecules with DNA 
E) DNA replication errors

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: These are linked together to form DNA.
Adenine always base-pairs with this.
These can be in any order along the "handrails" of the DNA double helix.
This forms the "handrails" of the double helix.
Guanine always base-pairs with this.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of sugar-phosphate chain and nucleotides and thymine and is...

Question 18

Write the sequence of the DNA strand complementary to a strand with the sequence AAATGCC.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write the sequence of the DNA strand...

Question 19

What is the benefit of mutations?

Accepted Answer

A) They eliminate unneeded regions of chromosomes. 
B) They increase the shuffling of existing genetic information. 
C) They create cancerous cells, which grow faster than others. 
D) They add new genetic information upon which evolution can act. 
A) They eliminate unneeded regions of chromosomes. 
B) They increase the shuffling of existing genetic information. 
C) They create cancerous cells, which grow faster than others. 
D) They add new genetic information upon which evolution can act.

Question 20

The location of genetic information on chromosomes had been established beyond any doubt by:

Accepted Answer

A) 1880. 
B) 1850. 
C) 1890. 
D) 1920. 
E) 1900. 
A) 1880. 
B) 1850. 
C) 1890. 
D) 1920. 
E) 1900.

Exam 13: Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

What happens if an incorrect nucleotide is not removed and replaced by the cell's DNA-correcting machinery?

What are the products of the replication of one DNA molecule?

Which of the following is not a component of DNA nucleotides?

A base pair is a unit of DNA that consists of:

Describe what happens to the two parent strands of DNA during DNA replication.

Which of the following statements about the two strands of a DNA molecule is true?

The DNA of a cell is analyzed and found to contain 28 percent thymine.What percent of the DNA would by cytosine?

Which type of mutation will have the most impact from an evolutionary point of view?

In DNA,A,C,G,and T are abbreviations for the:

Mutations that occur in somatic cells are:

A mutation involving a single base pair in the genome is called a ________.

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows. -A G-C base pair holds the double helix together more strongly than an A-T base pair.Can you suggest a reason why?

The nucleotides in one strand of DNA are held together by:

The average mutation rate for DNA replication is 1 mutation for every 10 billion (10,000,000,000) nucleotides of DNA replicated. Yet DNA polymerase makes a mistake during replication at an average of 1 in 100,000 nucleotides. What does this say about DNA replication?

Which of the following would be considered an environmental mutagen?

Write the sequence of the DNA strand complementary to a strand with the sequence AAATGCC.

What is the benefit of mutations?

The location of genetic information on chromosomes had been established beyond any doubt by:

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

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