Question 1

The two strands of a double helix of DNA are linked by what kind of bond?

Accepted Answer

A) sugar-phosphate linkages 
B) hydrogen bonds between bases 
C) hydrogen bonds between sugars and phosphates 
D) sugar-base linkages 
E) base-phosphate linkages 
A) sugar-phosphate linkages 
B) hydrogen bonds between bases 
C) hydrogen bonds between sugars and phosphates 
D) sugar-base linkages 
E) base-phosphate linkages

Question 2

What is the relationship between mutations and cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells do not require mutations to become cancerous but acquire them as they divide. 
B) Cells lose the ability to mutate their DNA and evolve once they become cancerous. 
C) Some mutations cause cells to lose control over cell division, resulting in cancer. 
D) Any point mutation will cause a cell to start proliferating without control, resulting in cancer. 
E) Only a mutation can stop a cell once it becomes cancerous. 
A) Cells do not require mutations to become cancerous but acquire them as they divide. 
B) Cells lose the ability to mutate their DNA and evolve once they become cancerous. 
C) Some mutations cause cells to lose control over cell division, resulting in cancer. 
D) Any point mutation will cause a cell to start proliferating without control, resulting in cancer. 
E) Only a mutation can stop a cell once it becomes cancerous.

Question 3

How are X rays used in the technique of X-ray diffraction?

Accepted Answer

A) The scattering of X rays by a purified form of a molecule reveals its structure. 
B) DNA strands are separated by X-ray energy, revealing the order of bases. 
C) Cells are broken open to release chromosomes by being bombarded with X rays. 
D) The X rays are used to mutate DNA to determine the location of genes. 
E) Enzymes are destroyed by X rays, revealing the order of steps in metabolism. 
A) The scattering of X rays by a purified form of a molecule reveals its structure. 
B) DNA strands are separated by X-ray energy, revealing the order of bases. 
C) Cells are broken open to release chromosomes by being bombarded with X rays. 
D) The X rays are used to mutate DNA to determine the location of genes. 
E) Enzymes are destroyed by X rays, revealing the order of steps in metabolism.

Question 4

What is one mechanism by which a mutation can cause melanoma?

Accepted Answer

A) by causing the accumulation of Huntington protein in melanocytes, which keeps them moving through the cell cycle 
B) by causing the accumulation of altered BRAF protein in germ-line cells 
C) by the production of an altered BRAF protein that keeps melanocytes moving through the cell cycle 
D) by preventing the BRAF protein from being able to repair damaged DNA 
A) by causing the accumulation of Huntington protein in melanocytes, which keeps them moving through the cell cycle 
B) by causing the accumulation of altered BRAF protein in germ-line cells 
C) by the production of an altered BRAF protein that keeps melanocytes moving through the cell cycle 
D) by preventing the BRAF protein from being able to repair damaged DNA

Question 5

Early in the twentieth century,many biologists believed that the genetic material of living organisms had to be made of protein-it seemed that only proteins had the complexity to store the vast amount of genetic information that organisms need.How is a relatively simple molecule such as DNA capable of storing large amounts of genetic information? Another requirement for genetic material is that it will sometimes need to be replicated.How does DNA satisfy this requirement?

Accepted Answer

Despite the fact that the structure of D

Question 6

Which information was determined about DNA based on X-ray diffraction data?

Accepted Answer

A) Each gene encodes one enzyme. 
B) There are four different bases on the nucleotides. 
C) Point mutations change a single location in the genome. 
D) DNA has a helical structure. 
E) Chromosomes are made of DNA. 
A) Each gene encodes one enzyme. 
B) There are four different bases on the nucleotides. 
C) Point mutations change a single location in the genome. 
D) DNA has a helical structure. 
E) Chromosomes are made of DNA.

Question 7

The structure of DNA allows repair of simple damage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Any agent that can change the base sequence of DNA is known as a:

Accepted Answer

A) trinucleotide repeat. 
B) free radical. 
C) cancer. 
D) mutagen. 
E) spontaneous event. 
A) trinucleotide repeat. 
B) free radical. 
C) cancer. 
D) mutagen. 
E) spontaneous event.

Question 9

What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Genes are made of proteins that encode the base sequence of DNA. 
B) DNA stores the information needed to make proteins. 
C) DNA makes up the individual sugar-phosphate-base units of a protein. 
D) DNA molecules are the enzymes that synthesize proteins. 
E) Proteins store the information needed to make DNA. 
A) Genes are made of proteins that encode the base sequence of DNA. 
B) DNA stores the information needed to make proteins. 
C) DNA makes up the individual sugar-phosphate-base units of a protein. 
D) DNA molecules are the enzymes that synthesize proteins. 
E) Proteins store the information needed to make DNA.

Question 10

If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication,what would be the sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand?

Accepted Answer

A) ATGCT 
B) CTACG 
C) AGCAT 
D) GCATC 
E) TCGTA 
A) ATGCT 
B) CTACG 
C) AGCAT 
D) GCATC 
E) TCGTA

Question 11

There are two alleles for each gene in a cell.If each gene encodes for a particular protein,what would make two alleles different from each other?

Accepted Answer

A) The sequence of bases in the DNA for each allele would be slightly different and would lead to the production of slightly different proteins. 
B) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be different for each allele, but they would result in the production of identical proteins. 
C) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but they would produce very different proteins. 
D) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but one would produce a protein and the other would not. 
A) The sequence of bases in the DNA for each allele would be slightly different and would lead to the production of slightly different proteins. 
B) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be different for each allele, but they would result in the production of identical proteins. 
C) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but they would produce very different proteins. 
D) The sequence of bases in the DNA would be identical for each allele, but one would produce a protein and the other would not.

Question 12

What mechanism can introduce new genetic information into a species?

Accepted Answer

Genetic mistakes (mutations)th

Exam 13: Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

The two strands of a double helix of DNA are linked by what kind of bond?

What is the relationship between mutations and cancer?

How are X rays used in the technique of X-ray diffraction?

What is one mechanism by which a mutation can cause melanoma?

Which information was determined about DNA based on X-ray diffraction data?

The structure of DNA allows repair of simple damage.

Any agent that can change the base sequence of DNA is known as a:

What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?

If the sequence TCGTA was used as a template in DNA replication,what would be the sequence of bases on the newly synthesized strand?

There are two alleles for each gene in a cell.If each gene encodes for a particular protein,what would make two alleles different from each other?

What mechanism can introduce new genetic information into a species?

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

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