Exam 21: Gene Expression: Ithe Genetic Code and Transcription

In order to protect the integrity of an mRNA in the cytosol of a cell,a(n)________ is added to the 3' end during RNA processing.

According to the central dogma,the process that mediates the conversion of RNA to protein is

In some organisms,a special tRNA recognizes the UAG stop codon but incorporates the amino acid

A new antibiotic is able to bind the rho (ρ)factor associated with some transcription processes; as a result this antibiotic would affect

In some organisms,a normal stop codon,UGA, encodes for the amino acid ________.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for specifically transcribing tRNA in eukaryotic cells?

________ are nonviral genetic elements that have reverse transcriptase activity.

The 21st and 22nd amino acids found in proteins are the rare amino acids ________ and ________.

Examine the following double-stranded DNA sequence: A-T-G-T-G-G-C-C-A-C-T-A-T-A-A-T-G-A T-A-C-A-C-C-G-G-T-G-A-T-A-T-T-A-C-T Which strand is the coding strand,and where is the N-terminal end of the resulting peptide located?

If the genetic code required only two nucleotides for incorporation of amino acids,the amino acid sequence using this transcript would be

In the absence of retroviruses,eukaryotes may also undergo reverse transcription if which of the following is present?

The action of a new drug is unknown,so you test various aspects of eukaryotic cell processes looking for an effect.You notice that the survival of cells exposed to this drug is very low.Further analysis shows that some proteins and mRNAs are much longer than they should be.One hypothesis is that the drug interferes with

An individual has been infected with a particular retrovirus.In order for the latent virus DNA to be inherited by subsequent generations stemming from this individual,it must be found

One of the NASA land rovers returns from its mission with a variety of samples.From one,a unique bacterial species has been isolated and cultured.Your job is to investigate whether or not the genetic code is overlapping or nonoverlapping.Another researcher has discovered that rather than a codon of three nucleotides,this organism uses groups of four nucleotides.Show how you would verify the presence of overlapping versus nonoverlapping frames when you thought the codon was read in groups of three nucleotides and in groups of four nucleotides.How would your data have been different without the knowledge of codons as groups of four nucleotides? Test mRNA sequence: 5'-AUUGGCCAAUUUACGGUAAUGGCCAAUUUACGGU-3'

You wish to design a drug that acts against a recently identified retrovirus.Based upon what you know about retroviruses,which of the following would be the best target for specifically interrupting the viral life cycle in eukaryotic cells?

An example of a retrovirus in the human genome is the ________ family of sequences.

In eukaryotic cells,we sometimes find reverse transcriptase activity,even though the cells are not infected with virus.This activity can be attributed to

Which of the following is not a feature of the genetic code?

The coding regions of a gene are known as ________.

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)is an example of a retrovirus.In order to prevent incorporation of the viral DNA into the host genome,antiretroviral drugs could