Question 1

__________ refers to thought processes involving the production of various alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A) Divergent thinking 
B) Convergent thinking 
C) Insight 
D) Incubation 
A) Divergent thinking 
B) Convergent thinking 
C) Insight 
D) Incubation

Question 2

According to Sternberg's research,more intelligent subjects take __________ during encoding and formulation of a general strategy to solve a problem;they also take __________ to form and implement strategies for the details of the task.

Accepted Answer

A) more time;less time 
B) less time;less time 
C) less time;more time 
D) research is inconclusive 
A) more time;less time 
B) less time;less time 
C) less time;more time 
D) research is inconclusive

Question 3

This iterative method of problem solving involves reducing the difference between your current state and your goal state.

Accepted Answer

A) global planning 
B) fluid intelligence 
C) means-ends analysis 
D) componential analysis 
A) global planning 
B) fluid intelligence 
C) means-ends analysis 
D) componential analysis

Question 4

__________ generally involve successive,somewhat mechanical iterations of a particular strategy until an answer (usually,the correct solution)is reached.

Accepted Answer

A) Algorithms 
B) Heuristics 
C) Isomorphic problems 
D) Global planning strategies 
A) Algorithms 
B) Heuristics 
C) Isomorphic problems 
D) Global planning strategies

Question 5

Asking participants to write about a problem or the methods they will use to solve a problem typically has what effect on problem solving?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreases the likelihood of solving a problem. 
B) Slows down problem solving. 
C) Improves problem solving ability. 
D) Makes the problem-solver anxious. 
A) Decreases the likelihood of solving a problem. 
B) Slows down problem solving. 
C) Improves problem solving ability. 
D) Makes the problem-solver anxious.

Question 6

Give an example of a well-structured problem and an example of an ill-structured problem.How do these types of problems differ? What difficulties is one likely to encounter when solving each type of problem?

Accepted Answer

A well-structured problem is one that ha

Question 7

__________ problems have a well-defined path to solution.

Accepted Answer

A) Positive transfer 
B) Transparent 
C) Well-structured 
D) Heuristic 
A) Positive transfer 
B) Transparent 
C) Well-structured 
D) Heuristic

Question 8

This type of thinking is when the person is working with associations that are already known and this type of thinking is not associated with insight problems.

Accepted Answer

A) reproductive thinking 
B) productive thinking 
C) convergent thinking 
D) divergent thinking 
A) reproductive thinking 
B) productive thinking 
C) convergent thinking 
D) divergent thinking

Question 9

Which of the following is not a type of error typically made when solving well-structured problems?

Accepted Answer

A) repeating the same step 
B) accidentally going backward 
C) getting stuck 
D) making illegal moves 
A) repeating the same step 
B) accidentally going backward 
C) getting stuck 
D) making illegal moves

Question 10

Which of the following has not been identified as a factor contributing to expertise?

Accepted Answer

A) Tendency to approach problems and tasks systematically. 
B) Superior ability to predict outcomes. 
C) Early experiences in educational settings. 
D) Superior abilities due to genetic heritage. 
A) Tendency to approach problems and tasks systematically. 
B) Superior ability to predict outcomes. 
C) Early experiences in educational settings. 
D) Superior abilities due to genetic heritage.

Question 11

__________ refers to a phenomenon whereby repeated experience with a procedure (e.g. ,problem-solving in a particular domain)may lead to enhanced performance,requiring little conscious effort or control.

Accepted Answer

A) Proceduralized fixedness 
B) Facilitation 
C) Habituation 
D) Automaticity 
A) Proceduralized fixedness 
B) Facilitation 
C) Habituation 
D) Automaticity

Question 12

__________ refers to a seemingly sudden understanding of the nature of something,often as a result of taking a novel approach to the problem.

Accepted Answer

A) Insight 
B) Creativity 
C) Incubation 
D) Deduction 
A) Insight 
B) Creativity 
C) Incubation 
D) Deduction

Question 13

__________ refers to the process of breaking down a complex whole into smaller elements.

Accepted Answer

A) Automaticity 
B) Positive transfer 
C) Analysis 
D) Synthesis 
A) Automaticity 
B) Positive transfer 
C) Analysis 
D) Synthesis

Question 14

Bertha completed a number of problems for an experiment.Two of the problems she noted had the same underlying structure even though the surface features were different.She was able to adapt the solution for the first problem to the second.This is an example of (a/an)

Accepted Answer

A) ill-defined problem. 
B) well-defined problem. 
C) transfer of analogies. 
D) transparency. 
A) ill-defined problem. 
B) well-defined problem. 
C) transfer of analogies. 
D) transparency.

Question 15

__________ refers to any carryover of knowledge or skills from one problem situation to another.

Accepted Answer

A) Transfer 
B) Divergent thinking 
C) Functional inhibition 
D) Functional fixation 
A) Transfer 
B) Divergent thinking 
C) Functional inhibition 
D) Functional fixation

__________ refers to thought processes involving the production of various alternatives.

According to Sternberg's research,more intelligent subjects take during encoding and formulation of a general strategy to solve a problem;they also take to form and implement strategies for the details of the task.

This iterative method of problem solving involves reducing the difference between your current state and your goal state.

__________ generally involve successive,somewhat mechanical iterations of a particular strategy until an answer (usually,the correct solution)is reached.

Asking participants to write about a problem or the methods they will use to solve a problem typically has what effect on problem solving?

Give an example of a well-structured problem and an example of an ill-structured problem.How do these types of problems differ? What difficulties is one likely to encounter when solving each type of problem?

__________ problems have a well-defined path to solution.

This type of thinking is when the person is working with associations that are already known and this type of thinking is not associated with insight problems.

Which of the following is not a type of error typically made when solving well-structured problems?

Which of the following has not been identified as a factor contributing to expertise?

__________ refers to a phenomenon whereby repeated experience with a procedure (e.g. ,problem-solving in a particular domain)may lead to enhanced performance,requiring little conscious effort or control.

__________ refers to a seemingly sudden understanding of the nature of something,often as a result of taking a novel approach to the problem.

__________ refers to the process of breaking down a complex whole into smaller elements.

Bertha completed a number of problems for an experiment.Two of the problems she noted had the same underlying structure even though the surface features were different.She was able to adapt the solution for the first problem to the second.This is an example of (a/an)

__________ refers to any carryover of knowledge or skills from one problem situation to another.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention and Consciousness

Memory: Models and Research Methods

Memory Processes

The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions

The Organization of Knowledge in the Mind

Language

Language in Context

Decision Making and Reasoning

Filters

Exam 11: Problem Solving and Creativity

__________ refers to thought processes involving the production of various alternatives.

According to Sternberg's research,more intelligent subjects take __________ during encoding and formulation of a general strategy to solve a problem;they also take __________ to form and implement strategies for the details of the task.

This iterative method of problem solving involves reducing the difference between your current state and your goal state.

__________ generally involve successive,somewhat mechanical iterations of a particular strategy until an answer (usually,the correct solution)is reached.

Asking participants to write about a problem or the methods they will use to solve a problem typically has what effect on problem solving?

Give an example of a well-structured problem and an example of an ill-structured problem.How do these types of problems differ? What difficulties is one likely to encounter when solving each type of problem?

__________ problems have a well-defined path to solution.

This type of thinking is when the person is working with associations that are already known and this type of thinking is not associated with insight problems.

Which of the following is not a type of error typically made when solving well-structured problems?

Which of the following has not been identified as a factor contributing to expertise?

__________ refers to a phenomenon whereby repeated experience with a procedure (e.g. ,problem-solving in a particular domain)may lead to enhanced performance,requiring little conscious effort or control.

__________ refers to a seemingly sudden understanding of the nature of something,often as a result of taking a novel approach to the problem.

__________ refers to the process of breaking down a complex whole into smaller elements.

Bertha completed a number of problems for an experiment.Two of the problems she noted had the same underlying structure even though the surface features were different.She was able to adapt the solution for the first problem to the second.This is an example of (a/an)

__________ refers to any carryover of knowledge or skills from one problem situation to another.

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention and Consciousness

Memory: Models and Research Methods

Memory Processes

The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions

The Organization of Knowledge in the Mind

Language

Language in Context

Decision Making and Reasoning

Filters

According to Sternberg's research,more intelligent subjects take during encoding and formulation of a general strategy to solve a problem;they also take to form and implement strategies for the details of the task.