Exam 8: Image Analysis of the Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae

Which of the following is not demonstrated as open on PA axial oblique cervical vertebrae?

An optimal AP axial cervical vertebrae projection demonstrates all of the following except

An AP axial cervical projection obtained with the patient rotated toward the right side demonstrates 1)the spinous processes positioned closer to the left side of the vertebral bodies. 2)closed intervertebral joint spaces. 3)elongation of the uncinate processes. 4)the left SC superimposed over the vertebral column.

A lateral cervical projection with poor positioning demonstrates the articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints of one side on the patient situated anterior to those of the opposite side. How was the patient mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained? 1)The patient was rotated. 2)The midcoronal plane was not positioned perpendicular to the IR. 3)The head was tilted toward the IR. 4)The central ray was angled cephalically.

A PA axial oblique cervical projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)the zygapophyseal joints. 2)the intervertebral foramina. 3)open intervertebral disk spaces. 4)the inferior cortical outlines of the mandible without superimposition.

To achieve uniform density throughout the entire thoracic vertebrae on an AP thoracic projection, 1)position a wedge-type compensating filter over the upper thoracic vertebrae. 2)use a high-ratio grid. 3)position the patient's feet toward the cathode end of the tube. 4)use a low kVp technique.

A lateral cervicothoracic projection (Twining method) with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)distorted vertebral bodies. 2)superimposed right and left articular pillars. 3)open intervertebral disk spaces. 4)the fifth through seventh cervical and first through third thoracic vertebrae.

The upper incisors are superimposed over the dens and the posterior occiput's inferior edge is demonstrated about 1 inch (2.5 cm) superior to the dens on an AP atlas and axis projection. How could the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal projection to be obtained? 1)Align the acanthiomeatal line perpendicular to the IR. 2)Elevate the patient's chin 0.5 inch (2 cm). 3)Adjust the central ray 5 degrees caudally. 4)Move the central ray and IR 1 inch (2.5 cm) superiorly.

An AP thoracic projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)distorted vertebral bodies. 2)the long axis of the thoracic vertebrae aligned with the long axis of the collimated field. 3)spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies. 4)open intervertebral joint spaces.

For an AP thoracic projection, the 1)shoulders and the ASISs are positioned at equal distances from the imaging table. 2)hips and knees are flexed until the lower back is pressed against the imaging table. 3)central ray is centered to the fifth thoracic vertebra. 4)transversely collimated field is open to an 8-inch (20-cm) field size.