Exam 27: A: Physiology of the Respiratory System

The volume of inspired air that actually reaches the alveoli is called alveolar ventilation.

A large amount of physiological dead air space would indicate an abnormal condition in the respiratory system.

Quiet expiration is normally a passive process.

If the PCO₂ is greater in the cells than in the intercellular fluid,CO₂ will remain in the cells.

Dyspnea is often associated with hyperventilation.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)is a broad term used to describe conditions of progressive obstruction of expiratory airflow.

The diving reflex is related to the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the body.

Anatomical dead space approximates 10% of the tidal volume.

As the blood volume in the lung increases,the vital capacity increases.

The enzyme in blood plasma that helps form carbaminohemoglobin is carbonic anhydrase.

In normal breathing,the inspiratory reserve volume is greater than the expiratory reserve volume.

A rise in the carbon dioxide partial pressure is frequently linked to a rise in pH.

In order for the cells to get the correct amount of oxygen,the oxygen level in the interstitial fluid must be less than that of the cells.

A collapsed lung has no air in it and will sink if placed in water.

Both external respiration and internal respiration takes place in capillaries.

Standard atmospheric pressure is usually about 760 mm Hg.

The partial pressure exerted by oxygen in a liquid is called oxygen tension.

Compliance is the ability of the lungs and thorax to stretch.

Both sudden painful stimulation and sudden cold stimulation to the skin can produce reflex apnea.

Orthopnea can be relieved by assuming an erect posture.