Question 1

Which of the following statements about genetics is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Genes are proteins that produce DNA. 
B) DNA is made up of six different kinds of nucleotides. 
C) Differences among organisms reflect different nucleotide sequences in their DNA. 
D) Each DNA molecule is a single strand of nucleotides. 
A) Genes are proteins that produce DNA. 
B) DNA is made up of six different kinds of nucleotides. 
C) Differences among organisms reflect different nucleotide sequences in their DNA. 
D) Each DNA molecule is a single strand of nucleotides. C

Question 2

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Researchers set up a study to determine whether large doses of a nutritional supplement would shorten the length of time it takes to recover from a cold. Three thousand volunteers were split into two groups. For two weeks, members of group A took 3,000 mg of the supplement daily. Group B received 3,000 mg of a placebo. At the end of the two-week period, the researchers inserted live cold viruses directly into the noses of all the volunteers. The volunteers in both group A and group B continued to take their daily pills. All the volunteers got colds, and there was no significant difference in the length of time the colds lasted.
-Which was the experimental group?

Accepted Answer

A) group A only 
B) group B only 
C) all 3,000 volunteers 
D) the researchers that inserted the cold virus 
A) group A only 
B) group B only 
C) all 3,000 volunteers 
D) the researchers that inserted the cold virus A

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding a common cellular activity is false?

Accepted Answer

A) Cells respond to the environment. 
B) Cells develop and maintain complex organization. 
C) Cells regulate their internal environment. 
D) New cells are derived from cellular components like organelles. 
A) Cells respond to the environment. 
B) Cells develop and maintain complex organization. 
C) Cells regulate their internal environment. 
D) New cells are derived from cellular components like organelles. D

Question 4

What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?

Accepted Answer

A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level. 
B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells. 
C) A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ system can exist independently of tissues. 
D) An organ system includes tissues. 
A) The tissue level of organization is more inclusive than the organ system level. 
B) Tissues are not composed of cells; organ systems are composed of cells. 
C) A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ system can exist independently of tissues. 
D) An organ system includes tissues.

Question 5

You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the bookstore has recently started selling this new sweatshirt style. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) an experimental question. 
B) a type of observation. 
C) a hypothesis. 
D) an experiment. 
A) an experimental question. 
B) a type of observation. 
C) a hypothesis. 
D) an experiment.

Question 6

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Researchers have created a robot that has a very thin leg that is moved by cardiac (heart) cells contracting in unison. The robot, made of a polymer similar to that used in making contact lenses, is bathed in heart cells with supporting fibroblasts, which then attach to the robot and provide movement as they contract.
-All of the cardiac cells working together can cause the robot leg to move in a way that individual cells could not. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) adaptation. 
B) emergent properties of cells. 
C) energy flow through an ecosystem. 
D) internal environment regulation. 
A) adaptation. 
B) emergent properties of cells. 
C) energy flow through an ecosystem. 
D) internal environment regulation.

Question 7

The role of a control in an experiment is to

Accepted Answer

A) provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group. 
B) prove that a hypothesis is correct. 
C) ensure repeatability. 
D) counteract the negative effect of the experiment. 
A) provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group. 
B) prove that a hypothesis is correct. 
C) ensure repeatability. 
D) counteract the negative effect of the experiment.

Question 8

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive?

Accepted Answer

A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, organelle, tissue 
B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, organelle, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community 
C) molecule, cell, organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, organelle, community, ecosystem 
D) molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem 
A) ecosystem, population, organ system, cell, community, molecule, organ, organism, organelle, tissue 
B) cell, molecule, organ system, organ, organelle, population, tissue, organism, ecosystem, community 
C) molecule, cell, organism, organ system, tissue, population, organ, organelle, community, ecosystem 
D) molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem

Question 9

Which level in the hierarchy shown is a community?

Accepted Answer

A) level A 
B) level B 
C) level C 
D) level D 
A) level A 
B) level B 
C) level C 
D) level D

Question 10

Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will be looking for a cell that

Accepted Answer

A) has a nucleus. 
B) has a membrane. 
C) makes up most of the tissues of your body. 
D) is much larger than most cells in your body. 
A) has a nucleus. 
B) has a membrane. 
C) makes up most of the tissues of your body. 
D) is much larger than most cells in your body.

Question 11

Kingdom Fungi includes species

Accepted Answer

A) such as mushrooms and plants. 
B) that obtain food by ingestion. 
C) that use photosynthesis to obtain food. 
D) that obtain food by decomposing dead organisms and absorbing the nutrients. 
A) such as mushrooms and plants. 
B) that obtain food by ingestion. 
C) that use photosynthesis to obtain food. 
D) that obtain food by decomposing dead organisms and absorbing the nutrients.

Question 12

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms represent

Accepted Answer

A) a species. 
B) a community. 
C) a population. 
D) an ecosystem. 
A) a species. 
B) a community. 
C) a population. 
D) an ecosystem.

Question 13

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A) Viruses 
B) Fungi 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria 
A) Viruses 
B) Fungi 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria

Question 14

In an ecosystem, energy

Accepted Answer

A) cycles along with chemical nutrients. 
B) typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers. 
C) typically flows from producers through a series of consumers. 
D) comes ultimately from bacteria. 
A) cycles along with chemical nutrients. 
B) typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers. 
C) typically flows from producers through a series of consumers. 
D) comes ultimately from bacteria.

Question 15

Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) a hypothesis. 
B) rationalization. 
C) deductive reasoning. 
D) inductive reasoning. 
A) a hypothesis. 
B) rationalization. 
C) deductive reasoning. 
D) inductive reasoning.

Question 16

Watching salt crystals form as ocean water evaporates, a student says, "Look-more and more crystals are appearing. The ocean water is alive!" Which of the following statements is an accurate evaluation of the student's remark?

Accepted Answer

A) The student is correct: Crystals are ordered structures and they are reproducing, so the ocean water is alive. 
B) The student is correct because crystals are formed by processing energy from the sun to create new structures, so ocean water is alive. 
C) The student is incorrect because the solution is processing energy from the sun rather than gaining energy from other organisms, so the ocean water is not alive. 
D) The student is incorrect because all of the crystals reproduce the same kind of crystals with no variation to provide adaptation, so the ocean water is not alive. 
A) The student is correct: Crystals are ordered structures and they are reproducing, so the ocean water is alive. 
B) The student is correct because crystals are formed by processing energy from the sun to create new structures, so ocean water is alive. 
C) The student is incorrect because the solution is processing energy from the sun rather than gaining energy from other organisms, so the ocean water is not alive. 
D) The student is incorrect because all of the crystals reproduce the same kind of crystals with no variation to provide adaptation, so the ocean water is not alive.

Question 17

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow.
Scientists interested in knowing the best way to restore an area after a temporary road was built through it completed a study comparing two treatments: (1) restoring the contour of an area so that there was no longer a depression or cut-through where the road was previously and (2) simply abandoning the area to allow vegetation to return on its own. They wanted to know whether either or both of these treatments would return the aboveground vegetation and the belowground soil properties to their original state, as seen in a similar area where there had never been a road.
-The researchers concluded, "These findings support the prediction that recontouring accelerates the rehabilitation of key ecohydrologica properties toward reference dynamics." What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A) Recontouring makes the vegetation in the area grow out of control. 
B) Recontouring allows the water properties of the system to return to normal faster. 
C) Abandonment is the better treatment for restoration. 
D) Their original prediction that recontouring would produce greater plant diversity was supported. 
A) Recontouring makes the vegetation in the area grow out of control. 
B) Recontouring allows the water properties of the system to return to normal faster. 
C) Abandonment is the better treatment for restoration. 
D) Their original prediction that recontouring would produce greater plant diversity was supported.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes. 
B) Organisms evolve structures in response to needs. 
C) Evolution is deliberate and purposeful. 
D) Evolution can result in adaptations. 
A) Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes. 
B) Organisms evolve structures in response to needs. 
C) Evolution is deliberate and purposeful. 
D) Evolution can result in adaptations.

Question 19

Which of these sequences is not a correct pathway of energy through an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

A) insects → birds → bacteria 
B) plants → insects → birds 
C) plants → birds → bacteria 
D) bacteria → plants → birds 
A) insects → birds → bacteria 
B) plants → insects → birds 
C) plants → birds → bacteria 
D) bacteria → plants → birds

Question 20

When a lepidopterist examined museum specimens of a particular moth species, she noticed that the variation in color was distributed as shown in the first graph. She was surprised because her data indicated the distribution of colors shown in the second graph. Which of the following hypotheses about the cause of this shift in the range of genetic variation is the most likely to be supported by examination of the distribution of colors in a collection assembled at a time between that of the collection of the museum specimens and her current specimens?

Accepted Answer

A) Darker moths tend to lay more eggs than light moths. 
B) Birds prefer to eat lighter moths rather than darker moths. 
C) The bark of the tree on which moths landed became darker over time. 
D) Darker moths were more likely to survive and have more offspring over time. 
A) Darker moths tend to lay more eggs than light moths. 
B) Birds prefer to eat lighter moths rather than darker moths. 
C) The bark of the tree on which moths landed became darker over time. 
D) Darker moths were more likely to survive and have more offspring over time.

Exam 1: Biology: Exploring Life

Which of the following statements about genetics is true?

Which of the following statements regarding a common cellular activity is false?

What is the difference between a tissue and an organ system?

You notice that over the past month, many students on campus have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt. You think to yourself that perhaps the bookstore has recently started selling this new sweatshirt style. This is an example of

The role of a control in an experiment is to

Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion. Which of the following sequences correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive?

Which level in the hierarchy shown is a community?

Your instructor asks you to look into your microscope to see a prokaryotic cell. You will be looking for a cell that

Kingdom Fungi includes species

The tree in your backyard is home to two cardinals, a colony of ants, a wasp's nest, two squirrels, and millions of bacteria. Together, all of these organisms represent

Which of the following is a kingdom within the domain Eukarya?

In an ecosystem, energy

Consider the following statement: "If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones." This statement is an example of

Watching salt crystals form as ocean water evaporates, a student says, "Look-more and more crystals are appearing. The ocean water is alive!" Which of the following statements is an accurate evaluation of the student's remark?

Which of the following statements about evolution is true?

Which of these sequences is not a correct pathway of energy through an ecosystem?

The Chemical Basis of Life

The Molecules of Cells

A Tour of the Cell

The Working Cell

How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food

The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance

Patterns of Inheritance

Molecular Biology of the Gene

How Genes Are Controlled

DNA Technology and Genomics

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

Tracing Evolutionary History

Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists

The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity

Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function

Nutrition and Digestion

Gas Exchange

Circulation

the Immune System

Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Reproduction and Embryonic Development

Nervous Systems

the Senses

How Animals Move

Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Control Systems in Plants

the Biosphere: an Introduction to Earths Diverse Environments

Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

Conservation Biology

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