Exam 13: Collaboration Information Systems for Decision Making problem Solving and Project Management

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The three primary criteria for successful collaboration are:
1.Successful outcome: Most students are primarily concerned with this criterion.They want to achieve a good outcome,measured by their grade,or they want to get a project done with an acceptable grade while minimizing the effort required.For business professionals,teams need to accomplish their goals.
2.Growth in team capability: Most student teams are short-lived.But,in business,teams often last months or years.With experience,teams can become more effective.Activities are combined or eliminated.Teams also get better as individuals improve at their tasks.Part of that improvement is the learning curve;as someone does something over and over,he or she gets better at it.Team members teach task skills and impart knowledge to one another.Team members also provide perspectives that other team members need.
3.Meaningful and satisfying experience: The nature of team goals is a major factor in making work meaningful.If an individual's work is not only perceived as important,but the person doing that work is also given credit for it,then the experience will be perceived as meaningful.So,recognition for work well done is vitally important for a meaningful work experience.

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The four phases of project management are:
1.Starting phase: The fundamental purpose of the starting phase is to set the ground rules for the project and the team.Other tasks during the starting phase are to set the scope of the project and to establish an initial budget.
2.Planning phase: The purpose of the planning phase is to determine "who will do what and by when." Work activities are defined,and resources such as personnel,budget,and equipment are assigned to them.Tasks often depend on one other.The project budget is usually revised during the planning phase as well.
3.Doing phase: Project tasks are accomplished during the doing phase.The key management challenge here is to ensure that tasks are accomplished on time,and,if not,to identify schedule problems as early as possible.As work progresses,additional trade-offs must be made,and often it is necessary to add or delete tasks,change task assignments,add or remove task labor or other resources,and so forth.Another important task is to document and report project progress.
4.Finalizing phase: In this phase,the team needs to document its results,document information for future teams,close down the project,and disband the team.