Question 1

"Theory" theories, which portray the infant as testing hypotheses about the world,

Accepted Answer

A) are nurture-oriented, emphasizing experiential learning. 
B) are nature-oriented, with neonativistic innate knowledge. 
C) are constructivistic, like Piaget's theory. 
D) combine elements of neo-nativism and constructivism. 
A) are nurture-oriented, emphasizing experiential learning. 
B) are nature-oriented, with neonativistic innate knowledge. 
C) are constructivistic, like Piaget's theory. 
D) combine elements of neo-nativism and constructivism.

Question 2

Educational exposure to ____ promotes the development of formal-operational thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) moderately rigid discipline enforced by teachers 
B) geography, anthropology, and cultural studies 
C) science, logic, and mathematics 
D) music, art, and drama 
A) moderately rigid discipline enforced by teachers 
B) geography, anthropology, and cultural studies 
C) science, logic, and mathematics 
D) music, art, and drama

Question 3

Instruction for preschoolers on conservation is called

Accepted Answer

A) inoculation against retardation. 
B) environmental education. 
C) pushing for precocity. 
D) identity training. 
A) inoculation against retardation. 
B) environmental education. 
C) pushing for precocity. 
D) identity training.

Question 4

The neonate's main sensorimotor activity is

Accepted Answer

A) exercising its innate reflexes. 
B) doing primary circular reactions. 
C) doing secondary circular reactions. 
D) responding to classical conditioning. 
A) exercising its innate reflexes. 
B) doing primary circular reactions. 
C) doing secondary circular reactions. 
D) responding to classical conditioning.

Question 5

Use class-inclusion and conservation problems to illustrate Piaget's assertion that during the intuitive period, children's understanding of objects and events is centered on a single, salient feature.

Accepted Answer

During the intuitive period, children's

Question 6

Contrary to Piaget's expectations, preschoolers who are taught about conservation principles

Accepted Answer

A) learn conservation more slowly than others. 
B) are unaffected by this type of instruction. 
C) improve in their social relations with peers. 
D) benefit from the teaching and learn conservation early. 
A) learn conservation more slowly than others. 
B) are unaffected by this type of instruction. 
C) improve in their social relations with peers. 
D) benefit from the teaching and learn conservation early.

Question 7

Which theorist had a greater tendency to look for qualitative shifts in children's cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A) Vygotsky 
B) Piaget 
C) Freud 
D) Erikson 
A) Vygotsky 
B) Piaget 
C) Freud 
D) Erikson

Question 8

Lev Vygotsky strongly favored these two approaches in his own developmental theory and research:

Accepted Answer

A) phylogeny and ontogeny. 
B) sociohistory and microgeny. 
C) sociohistory and phylogeny. 
D) ontogeny and microgeny. 
A) phylogeny and ontogeny. 
B) sociohistory and microgeny. 
C) sociohistory and phylogeny. 
D) ontogeny and microgeny.

Question 9

Explain what Vygotsky meant by "zone of proximal development," and use an example to illustrate this concept.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's concept of the "zone of proxi

Question 10

Dual representation and ____ are similar cognitive skills.

Accepted Answer

A) horizontal decalage 
B) mental seriation 
C) decentration 
D) centration 
A) horizontal decalage 
B) mental seriation 
C) decentration 
D) centration

Question 11

Evaluate Piaget's view that cognitive development occurs in stages. Draw from material presented throughout the chapter on cognition (and anything appropriate from in-class material).

Accepted Answer

Piaget asserted that cognitive developme

Question 12

____ has had the greatest influence on our understanding of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) Lev Vygotsky 
B) Sigmund Freud 
C) B.F. Skinner 
D) Jean Piaget 
A) Lev Vygotsky 
B) Sigmund Freud 
C) B.F. Skinner 
D) Jean Piaget

Question 13

Identify the two processes involved in adaptation, and provide examples that illustrate each process.

Accepted Answer

The two processes involved in adaptation

Question 14

Children's play has many benefits, LEAST of which is

Accepted Answer

A) providing opportunities to practice language. 
B) fostering healthy emotional development. 
C) keeping children busy and preoccupied. 
D) promoting social development. 
A) providing opportunities to practice language. 
B) fostering healthy emotional development. 
C) keeping children busy and preoccupied. 
D) promoting social development.

Question 15

Lolly is three months old, and she loves to suck her big toe, which she does repeatedly. This exemplifies

Accepted Answer

A) an abstract rectangular reaction. 
B) a decentered targeted behavior. 
C) a tertiary circular reaction. 
D) a primary circular reaction. 
A) an abstract rectangular reaction. 
B) a decentered targeted behavior. 
C) a tertiary circular reaction. 
D) a primary circular reaction.

Question 16

What is "concrete" about Piaget's concrete-operational stage?

Accepted Answer

A) The child prefers to play with heavy concrete objects. 
B) Thinking is focused only on objects that are real or imagined. 
C) Thinking is efficient so long as the child has steadfast, rock-solid social relations with family and teachers. 
D) Ideas based on hypotheticals elicit the child's anxiety. 
A) The child prefers to play with heavy concrete objects. 
B) Thinking is focused only on objects that are real or imagined. 
C) Thinking is efficient so long as the child has steadfast, rock-solid social relations with family and teachers. 
D) Ideas based on hypotheticals elicit the child's anxiety.

Question 17

Based on current research, the text's author concluded that nonegocentric perspective-taking skills appear

Accepted Answer

A) suddenly for girls but gradually for boys. 
B) gradually beginning in the preoperational stage. 
C) suddenly during the stage of concrete operations. 
D) to require persistent tutoring by parents or teachers. 
A) suddenly for girls but gradually for boys. 
B) gradually beginning in the preoperational stage. 
C) suddenly during the stage of concrete operations. 
D) to require persistent tutoring by parents or teachers.

Question 18

In Rogoff's research on guided participation, North American parents were found to

Accepted Answer

A) place a greater emphasis on verbal instruction than did Mayan and Indian parents. 
B) place a greater emphasis on nonverbal instruction relative to Mayan and Indian parents. 
C) be very similar to parents in other contexts regarding verbal and nonverbal communication with their offspring. 
D) have greater success in teaching their infants. 
A) place a greater emphasis on verbal instruction than did Mayan and Indian parents. 
B) place a greater emphasis on nonverbal instruction relative to Mayan and Indian parents. 
C) be very similar to parents in other contexts regarding verbal and nonverbal communication with their offspring. 
D) have greater success in teaching their infants.

Question 19

A slogan for Vygotsky's developmental theory would be,

Accepted Answer

A) "Learn from people near you." 
B) "Discover knowledge by yourself." 
C) "Unfold your biological potential." 
D) "Be shaped by reinforcements and punishments." 
A) "Learn from people near you." 
B) "Discover knowledge by yourself." 
C) "Unfold your biological potential." 
D) "Be shaped by reinforcements and punishments."

Question 20

You are interested in developing a learning program for gifted children based on the principles of Vygotsky's sociocultural viewpoint. Discuss how you might design a learning activity for science, history, mathematics, or social studies using this model.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's perspective emphasized the ro

"Theory" theories, which portray the infant as testing hypotheses about the world,

Educational exposure to ____ promotes the development of formal-operational thinking.

Instruction for preschoolers on conservation is called

The neonate's main sensorimotor activity is

Use class-inclusion and conservation problems to illustrate Piaget's assertion that during the intuitive period, children's understanding of objects and events is centered on a single, salient feature.

Contrary to Piaget's expectations, preschoolers who are taught about conservation principles

Which theorist had a greater tendency to look for qualitative shifts in children's cognitive development?

Lev Vygotsky strongly favored these two approaches in his own developmental theory and research:

Explain what Vygotsky meant by "zone of proximal development," and use an example to illustrate this concept.

Dual representation and ____ are similar cognitive skills.

Evaluate Piaget's view that cognitive development occurs in stages. Draw from material presented throughout the chapter on cognition (and anything appropriate from in-class material).

____ has had the greatest influence on our understanding of cognitive development.

Identify the two processes involved in adaptation, and provide examples that illustrate each process.

Children's play has many benefits, LEAST of which is

Lolly is three months old, and she loves to suck her big toe, which she does repeatedly. This exemplifies

What is "concrete" about Piaget's concrete-operational stage?

Based on current research, the text's author concluded that nonegocentric perspective-taking skills appear

In Rogoff's research on guided participation, North American parents were found to

A slogan for Vygotsky's developmental theory would be,

You are interested in developing a learning program for gifted children based on the principles of Vygotsky's sociocultural viewpoint. Discuss how you might design a learning activity for science, history, mathematics, or social studies using this model.

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

Exam 6: Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

"Theory" theories, which portray the infant as testing hypotheses about the world,

Educational exposure to ____ promotes the development of formal-operational thinking.

Instruction for preschoolers on conservation is called

The neonate's main sensorimotor activity is

Use class-inclusion and conservation problems to illustrate Piaget's assertion that during the intuitive period, children's understanding of objects and events is centered on a single, salient feature.

Contrary to Piaget's expectations, preschoolers who are taught about conservation principles

Which theorist had a greater tendency to look for qualitative shifts in children's cognitive development?

Lev Vygotsky strongly favored these two approaches in his own developmental theory and research:

Explain what Vygotsky meant by "zone of proximal development," and use an example to illustrate this concept.

Dual representation and ____ are similar cognitive skills.

Evaluate Piaget's view that cognitive development occurs in stages. Draw from material presented throughout the chapter on cognition (and anything appropriate from in-class material).

____ has had the greatest influence on our understanding of cognitive development.

Identify the two processes involved in adaptation, and provide examples that illustrate each process.

Children's play has many benefits, LEAST of which is

Lolly is three months old, and she loves to suck her big toe, which she does repeatedly. This exemplifies

What is "concrete" about Piaget's concrete-operational stage?

Based on current research, the text's author concluded that nonegocentric perspective-taking skills appear

In Rogoff's research on guided participation, North American parents were found to

A slogan for Vygotsky's developmental theory would be,

You are interested in developing a learning program for gifted children based on the principles of Vygotsky's sociocultural viewpoint. Discuss how you might design a learning activity for science, history, mathematics, or social studies using this model.

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters