Exam 7: Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Describe two implications for effective classroom instruction that are based on information-processing theories.

A ____ deficiency is a spontaneous failure to generate and use learning/memory strategies.

A student tells a classmate, "You didn't miss much from yesterday's class. The professor mostly told about his memory tests with African elephants." The student recalled the ____ of the previous lecture.

Outline how metamemory typically changes between the ages of four and 12.

A quiz show winner says, "I don't know how I solved the problem. The solution just popped into mind without thought!" This winner does badly at

EVENT MEMORY is to STRATEGIC MEMORY as ____ is to ____.

A neighbor tells you, "So you're the one who's taking the Child Psychology course, eh? My preschooler still can't count, even though I spanked her plenty for being so slow to learn counting. What should I do to make her start to count?" What practical advice could be offered to the preschooler's mother?

The fact that East Asian children tend to practice math facts more often than American children illustrates how _____ can impact acquisition of arithmetic skill.

Your neighbor is about to leave for the toy store to shop for Christmas gifts for her children. You've told her about the information-processing perspective. She says, "Hey, that's great! In what ways can the right toys help the kids become good information processors?" Discuss.

Deliberate effort to memorize is most likely to be applied during the encoding of

Bonzo thinks there is some way to memorize the names of animals seen at the zoo, but he can't think of it. Bonzo has a(n) ____ strategy deficiency.

Attention span of older children and teenagers improves because of increased myelinization of the brain's

Five-year-old Boris tells his teacher, "I can't figure out how to memorize zoo animals' names by myself, but if you teach me how, I'm sure I can do it." Boris has a ____ deficiency for learning/memory strategies.

Strategies are operations that are

Discuss the development of problem-solving strategies. What is the adaptive strategy choice model? What are the implications of the findings regarding strategy choice for the field of education?

Toddlers' use of terms such as little, small, giant, lots, big, huge, or many suggests that they are ready developmentally to think about

Smarty, age 10, is given a list of a dozen words to memorize. He notices that the words are car names, tree names, and names of states He rearranges the words into those categories and then rehearses. Smarty applied the memorization strategy called

A slogan of implicit cognition would be,

Countia, a preschooler, adds the numbers 3 and 2 by stating the first number 3 and then counting up from 3. Countia applies the ____ method of adding.

Discuss some of the cultural influences on mathematics performance as delineated in the text. Why is it important to have an understanding of cultural differences in math ability?