Exam 7: Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

A child answers a specific question about something she knows. This illustrates the ____ retrieval process.

Free recall refers to recalling

A slogan of analogical reasoning would be,

A slogan for metacognition would be,

Joe College sat through a lecture with arms folded. He said, "I remember enough. It was on cognition." Joe's memory for the lecture was of its

Mikhail is six years old, and he plays video games. His older brother taught him how to help a hero escape if swallowed by a monster. Mikhail knows the strategy but forgets when to apply it. This is a ____ deficiency.

"Domain specificity" of mental performance means that

In a study by Bjorklund, children were trained to use grouping as a means to improve recall. Although the fourth-graders in this study were able to learn the grouping strategy, their recall ability did not improve. This finding is an example of

There is ____ correlation between the child's metamemory awareness and memorization performance.

With regard to the use of mental strategies, ____ deficiency means that the child does not discover a suitable strategy to accomplish a particular task.

Memory processes are an integral component of the information-processing viewpoint of cognitive development. One type of memory, recall memory, has been found to improve dramatically with age. Four explanations have been offered. Name and evaluate each of these explanations.

Researchers have found that African adolescents display better recall for orally transmitted stories than do American adolescents. This is an example of

As compared with young children, older children apply better tactics or ____ to enhance performance.

According to the adaptive strategy choice model, the level of sophistication of a chosen strategy will depend on age, experience, and information-processing ability. However, the less sophisticated fall-back strategies will be chosen when

Children who have expertise in particular topics have greater ____ than their peers.

At dinner, Bonzo says, "Let me tell you about the two adventures I had on the way to work this morning." Bonzo's storylike narrative illustrates

Children who work to become better memorizers will focus their efforts on their____ memory.

The information-processing perspective is applied particularly to the child's ____ development.

Scruffy, age eight, says, "Spanky is smarter than Zowi, and Zowi is smarter than Gummy, so Spanky is smarter than Gummy." Scruffy applied a(n)

ACTIVATION is to INHIBITION as ____ is to ____.