Question 1

Harter's Self-Perception Scale asks the child to

Accepted Answer

A) judge whether various actions are socially desirable. 
B) do self-ratings with statements about several areas of his or her own competence. 
C) secretly judge friends' skills and competencies. 
D) identify aspects of deficiency in the family home. 
A) judge whether various actions are socially desirable. 
B) do self-ratings with statements about several areas of his or her own competence. 
C) secretly judge friends' skills and competencies. 
D) identify aspects of deficiency in the family home.

Question 2

Cross-cultural research in the area of identity formation reveals that

Accepted Answer

A) the stages of identity formation are invariable across culture. 
B) individuals in all cultures work toward identity formation through a process of self-exploration. 
C) individuals in nonindustrialized countries seem to develop their identity at a faster pace. 
D) individuals in many nonindustrialized societies complete the process of identity formation though the process of identity foreclosure. 
A) the stages of identity formation are invariable across culture. 
B) individuals in all cultures work toward identity formation through a process of self-exploration. 
C) individuals in nonindustrialized countries seem to develop their identity at a faster pace. 
D) individuals in many nonindustrialized societies complete the process of identity formation though the process of identity foreclosure.

Question 3

When infants achieve self-recognition, this cognitive skill paves the way for experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) the moratorium identity status. 
B) the learned-helplessness orientation. 
C) self-conscious emotions such as embarrassment or pride. 
D) primary circular reactions. 
A) the moratorium identity status. 
B) the learned-helplessness orientation. 
C) self-conscious emotions such as embarrassment or pride. 
D) primary circular reactions.

Question 4

A teacher says, "Each person was given a fixed amount of smarts, and they should do the best with what they have." This expresses the

Accepted Answer

A) entity view of ability. 
B) incremental view of ability. 
C) undifferentiated perspective principle. 
D) mindblindness principle. 
A) entity view of ability. 
B) incremental view of ability. 
C) undifferentiated perspective principle. 
D) mindblindness principle.

Question 5

There is a close match between one's self-ratings and the way others rate you, beginning at the age of about ____ years.

Accepted Answer

A) four 
B) six 
C) eight 
D) 11 
A) four 
B) six 
C) eight 
D) 11

Question 6

A child who quits trying early in a task because she thinks she lacks enough ability demonstrates her own

Accepted Answer

A) interest in a false-belief problem. 
B) realistic appraisal of a deficient genotype. 
C) self-reflective role-playing. 
D) learned-helplessness orientation. 
A) interest in a false-belief problem. 
B) realistic appraisal of a deficient genotype. 
C) self-reflective role-playing. 
D) learned-helplessness orientation.

Question 7

The developmental progression in the child's role-taking is from

Accepted Answer

A) collectivism to individualism. 
B) an extended self to a present self. 
C) learning goals to performance goals. 
D) egocentrism to keeping multiple perspectives in mind. 
A) collectivism to individualism. 
B) an extended self to a present self. 
C) learning goals to performance goals. 
D) egocentrism to keeping multiple perspectives in mind.

Question 8

Discuss the concept of "relational self-worth" and Harter's multidimensional hierarchical model of self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Susan Harter proposed a hierarchical mod

Question 9

For Piaget, concrete operational children's mastery of conservation also leads them to:

Accepted Answer

A) attend less to behavior and more to psychological constructs. 
B) value collectivism more than individualism. 
C) refuse to participate in false-belief problems. 
D) foreclose their identities despite parental pressures to the contrary. 
A) attend less to behavior and more to psychological constructs. 
B) value collectivism more than individualism. 
C) refuse to participate in false-belief problems. 
D) foreclose their identities despite parental pressures to the contrary.

Question 10

Among teenagers, girls with high self-esteem have ____, while boys with high self-esteem have _____.

Accepted Answer

A) supportive friends; supportive friends 
B) supportive friends; influenced others 
C) influenced others; supportive friends 
D) influenced others; influenced others 
A) supportive friends; supportive friends 
B) supportive friends; influenced others 
C) influenced others; supportive friends 
D) influenced others; influenced others

Question 11

Sarah is a 12th-grader. She is beginning to question her parents' religious views and authority a lot, but her own career goals are starting to solidify after years of exploring and doing volunteer work at a veterinary clinic. Explain where Sarah is at in her identity development using Marcia's classification system.

Accepted Answer

Sarah's identity status depends on which

Question 12

Self-recognition in mirrors or photos is achieved by the majority of children by the age interval of

Accepted Answer

A) two to eight months. 
B) nine to 13 months. 
C) 14 to 17 months. 
D) 18 to 24 months. 
A) two to eight months. 
B) nine to 13 months. 
C) 14 to 17 months. 
D) 18 to 24 months.

Question 13

A type of social interaction that is especially helpful for understanding role-taking among children is

Accepted Answer

A) explaining the workings of a mechanical toy. 
B) asking for directions to a location. 
C) disagreements among close friends. 
D) explaining how to care for a sick pet. 
A) explaining the workings of a mechanical toy. 
B) asking for directions to a location. 
C) disagreements among close friends. 
D) explaining how to care for a sick pet.

Question 14

PRESENT SELF is to EXTENDED SELF as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) INSTANT :: DURATION 
B) RECEIVING :: GIVING 
C) SHARING :: STEALING 
D) POLITICIAN :: INTERN 
A) INSTANT :: DURATION 
B) RECEIVING :: GIVING 
C) SHARING :: STEALING 
D) POLITICIAN :: INTERN

Question 15

Parents of mastery-oriented children encourage achievement motivation. Which of these is NOT a feature of parenting for success?

Accepted Answer

A) Parents praise the child's accomplishments. 
B) Parents set and enforce strict disciplinary rules. 
C) Parents provide guidance and control. 
D) Parents do scaffolding and allow the child autonomy. 
A) Parents praise the child's accomplishments. 
B) Parents set and enforce strict disciplinary rules. 
C) Parents provide guidance and control. 
D) Parents do scaffolding and allow the child autonomy.

Question 16

Low self-esteem is most strongly associated with ____ in girls and ____ in boys.

Accepted Answer

A) lack of romantic competence; lack of athletic competence 
B) lack of athletic competence; lack of romantic competence 
C) failure to gain the approval of friends; lack of athletic competence 
D) failure to gain the approval of friends; lack of romantic competence 
A) lack of romantic competence; lack of athletic competence 
B) lack of athletic competence; lack of romantic competence 
C) failure to gain the approval of friends; lack of athletic competence 
D) failure to gain the approval of friends; lack of romantic competence

Question 17

Define achievement motivation, and list at least three home environment factors thought to foster high achievement motivation in children.

Accepted Answer

Achievement motivation is the willingnes

Question 18

When children under the age of six describe other people, they tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  focus on psychological comparisons, e.g., "Mary is less confident than Jane." 
B)  focus on behavioral comparisons, e.g., "Jason runs faster than Billy." 
C)  use mostly physical comparisons, e.g., "Adam has bluer eyes than Sara." 
D)  use the same concrete nonpsychological descriptors as they use to describe themselves. 
E) g., "Adam has bluer eyes than Sara." 
A)  focus on psychological comparisons, e.g., "Mary is less confident than Jane." 
B)  focus on behavioral comparisons, e.g., "Jason runs faster than Billy." 
C)  use mostly physical comparisons, e.g., "Adam has bluer eyes than Sara." 
D)  use the same concrete nonpsychological descriptors as they use to describe themselves. 
E) g., "Adam has bluer eyes than Sara."

Question 19

Self-esteem tends to

Accepted Answer

A) remain reasonably stable over time. 
B) fluctuate wildly throughout childhood. 
C) change dramatically during adolescence. 
D) change only slightly between late childhood and early adolescence. 
A) remain reasonably stable over time. 
B) fluctuate wildly throughout childhood. 
C) change dramatically during adolescence. 
D) change only slightly between late childhood and early adolescence.

Question 20

The best outcomes are gained by ethnic minority youths who have achieved this ethnic identity status:

Accepted Answer

A) acting and thinking "white." 
B) identity diffused. 
C) identity achieved. 
D) moratorium. 
A) acting and thinking "white." 
B) identity diffused. 
C) identity achieved. 
D) moratorium.

Harter's Self-Perception Scale asks the child to

Cross-cultural research in the area of identity formation reveals that

When infants achieve self-recognition, this cognitive skill paves the way for experiencing

A teacher says, "Each person was given a fixed amount of smarts, and they should do the best with what they have." This expresses the

There is a close match between one's self-ratings and the way others rate you, beginning at the age of about ____ years.

A child who quits trying early in a task because she thinks she lacks enough ability demonstrates her own

The developmental progression in the child's role-taking is from

Discuss the concept of "relational self-worth" and Harter's multidimensional hierarchical model of self-esteem.

For Piaget, concrete operational children's mastery of conservation also leads them to:

Among teenagers, girls with high self-esteem have , while boys with high self-esteem have _.

Self-recognition in mirrors or photos is achieved by the majority of children by the age interval of

A type of social interaction that is especially helpful for understanding role-taking among children is

PRESENT SELF is to EXTENDED SELF as is to .

Parents of mastery-oriented children encourage achievement motivation. Which of these is NOT a feature of parenting for success?

Low self-esteem is most strongly associated with in girls and in boys.

Define achievement motivation, and list at least three home environment factors thought to foster high achievement motivation in children.

When children under the age of six describe other people, they tend to

Self-esteem tends to

The best outcomes are gained by ethnic minority youths who have achieved this ethnic identity status:

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

Exam 11: Development of the Self-Concept

Harter's Self-Perception Scale asks the child to

Cross-cultural research in the area of identity formation reveals that

When infants achieve self-recognition, this cognitive skill paves the way for experiencing

A teacher says, "Each person was given a fixed amount of smarts, and they should do the best with what they have." This expresses the

There is a close match between one's self-ratings and the way others rate you, beginning at the age of about ____ years.

A child who quits trying early in a task because she thinks she lacks enough ability demonstrates her own

The developmental progression in the child's role-taking is from

Discuss the concept of "relational self-worth" and Harter's multidimensional hierarchical model of self-esteem.

For Piaget, concrete operational children's mastery of conservation also leads them to:

Among teenagers, girls with high self-esteem have ____, while boys with high self-esteem have _____.

Self-recognition in mirrors or photos is achieved by the majority of children by the age interval of

A type of social interaction that is especially helpful for understanding role-taking among children is

PRESENT SELF is to EXTENDED SELF as ____ is to ____.

Parents of mastery-oriented children encourage achievement motivation. Which of these is NOT a feature of parenting for success?

Low self-esteem is most strongly associated with ____ in girls and ____ in boys.

Define achievement motivation, and list at least three home environment factors thought to foster high achievement motivation in children.

When children under the age of six describe other people, they tend to

Self-esteem tends to

The best outcomes are gained by ethnic minority youths who have achieved this ethnic identity status:

Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

Among teenagers, girls with high self-esteem have , while boys with high self-esteem have _.

PRESENT SELF is to EXTENDED SELF as is to .

Low self-esteem is most strongly associated with in girls and in boys.