Exam 17: Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology and Reverse Genetics

If an experimenter wants to use the GFP method but needs to detect the presence or absence of several proteins at the same time,he can take advantage of mutational variants of GFP that emit what?

In grape cultivation,growers often find that heterozygous forms are more desirable.To propagate the heterozygotes without having to interbreed in each generation,what method can they use?

In nature,RNAi protects cells against infection by what kind of pathogen?

Knockout libraries are available already prepared for some organisms such as Drosophila.These libraries are originally made by what method?

In an organism,X,it is found to be impossible to generate loss-of-function mutants for most genes.There is an alternative method of introducing random mutations that can later be screened for the gene(s)in question.This can be accomplished by using insertions due to what structures?

The GFP gene is useful as a reporter gene because the cells and tissues with it emit bioluminescence when treated with what,that functions as a substrate?

By what method is T-DNA integrated into the plant genome?

If a gene is replaced with a heterologous sequence such that the gene is then nonfunctional,what is the result usually called?

In the 1990s,gene therapy was seen as a probable cure for many genetic diseases.List three or four reasons that it has so far been of limited success.

If a researcher is cloning a sequence by using pUC and uses the plasmid to transform bacteria,which are then plated on X-gal medium,would the recombinant plasmids be found in blue or white colonies or both?

Transgenic fusions between a gene and a reporter are used to determine whether a gene is expressed.Which of these components allows the researcher to work with living specimens,and why?

What characteristics of plants allow them to be cloned relatively easily,whereas cloning in animals is rare and difficult to achieve?

What is the function of imaginal disc cells during the larval stage of Drosophila development?

Suppose you have just discovered a Drosophila gene that has a sequence similar to a gene of interest in humans.You need to have mutants of the Drosophila gene because

Design an experiment that uses enhancer trapping to drive the expression of a gene of interest.

Suppose a mutagen is used on an inbred population of mice to establish cell lines,each including a different mutant allele,which can then be tested for function.This technique is known as ________.

Discuss the ethical and societal reasons for and against germ-line gene therapy.

If genes are introduced into a yeast plasmid to serve as a shuttle vector,the plasmid has the ability to

EMS (ethylmethane sulfonate)is mutagenic because

In using Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transfer genes into plants,what is transferred from bacterium to plant?