Question 1

What would you expect to find bound to the stop codon at the A site?

Accepted Answer

A) a charged tRNA with the anticodon TAG 
B) a charged tRNA with the anticodon ATC 
C) an uncharged tRNA 
D) a release factor 
E) Nothing binds to a stop codon,which is why the peptide is released. 
A) a charged tRNA with the anticodon TAG 
B) a charged tRNA with the anticodon ATC 
C) an uncharged tRNA 
D) a release factor 
E) Nothing binds to a stop codon,which is why the peptide is released. D

Question 2

During elongation,where does the charged tRNA is recruited to which location on the ribosome?

Accepted Answer

A site

Question 3

What molecule provides the energy to form charged tRNAs?

Accepted Answer

GTP

Question 4

Elongation factors translocate the ribosome in the 3′ direction by a distance of

Accepted Answer

A) one codon. 
B) one nucleotide. 
C) two nucleotides. 
D) two codons. 
E) three codons. 
A) one codon. 
B) one nucleotide. 
C) two nucleotides. 
D) two codons. 
E) three codons.

Question 5

How many different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases can be found in a given cell?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases can be...

Question 6

Identification of ribosomal proteins involved two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,which separates the proteins on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A) mass. 
B) folded shape. 
C) charge. 
D) mass and charge. 
E) mass,charge,and folded shape. 
A) mass. 
B) folded shape. 
C) charge. 
D) mass and charge. 
E) mass,charge,and folded shape.

Question 7

What process is targeted by the antibiotic streptomycin?

Accepted Answer

translatio

Question 8

Which step in translation initiation is unique to eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) formation of the preinitiation complex 
B) formation of the initiation complex 
C) scanning 
D) ribosome assembly 
E) translocation of the ribosome in the 3′ direction 
A) formation of the preinitiation complex 
B) formation of the initiation complex 
C) scanning 
D) ribosome assembly 
E) translocation of the ribosome in the 3′ direction

Question 9

Starting translation at the authentic (correct)start codon is essential for translation of the correct polypeptide.Errant translation starting at the wrong codon,or even at the wrong nucleotide of the start codon,may produce an abnormal polypeptide and result in a nonfunctional protein.Compare and contrast the mechanisms used by bacteria and eukaryotes to identify the authentic start codon during translation initiation.

Accepted Answer

In bacteria (specifically E.coli),six co

Question 10

________ help control ribosome formation and binding of the initiator tRNA.

Accepted Answer

Initiator

Question 11

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes show differences in posttranscriptional modifications of mRNA.What are these differences,and why do eukaryotes show more modifications than prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

In bacteria,the coupling of transcriptio

Question 12

Which single-base mutation would insert a premature stop codon into the following protein sequence? 
N-Met-Gln-Leu-Arg-Cys-C

Accepted Answer

A) 5′ - AUG CAG AUA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
B) 5′ - AUG AAG UUA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
C) 5′ - AUG CAG UAA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
D) 5′ - AUG CAG UUA UUG UGC UAG - 3′ 
E) 5′ - AUG CAG UUA GCG UGC AAG - 3′ 
A) 5′ - AUG CAG AUA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
B) 5′ - AUG AAG UUA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
C) 5′ - AUG CAG UAA GCG UGC UAG - 3′ 
D) 5′ - AUG CAG UUA UUG UGC UAG - 3′ 
E) 5′ - AUG CAG UUA GCG UGC AAG - 3′

Question 13

In the unlikely event that a tRNA has been charged with the wrong amino acid,what high-fidelity enzyme is likely to blame?

Accepted Answer

A) peptidyl transferase 
B) DNA polymerase I 
C) DNA polymerase III 
D) aminoacyl synthetase 
E) aminoacyl peptidase 
A) peptidyl transferase 
B) DNA polymerase I 
C) DNA polymerase III 
D) aminoacyl synthetase 
E) aminoacyl peptidase

Question 14

The preinitiation complex forms when the start codon is recognized through binding of 16srRNA and what region of mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Shine-Dalg

Question 15

Sidney Brenner proved that the triplet code is,in fact,nonoverlapping.Assuming a nonoverlapping code,how many complete codons would the following sequence encode before encountering a stop codon? 5′ - AUGCGAUUAUAGUGC - 3′

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sidney Brenner proved that the triplet code...

Question 16

Given the following mRNA sequence,what is the amino acid sequence for the corresponding polypeptide? 
5′ - AUG CGA UUU GGG UGC UAG - 3′

Accepted Answer

A) 5′-Met-Arg-Phe-Gly-Stop-3′ 
B) C-Met-Arg-Leu-Glu-N 
C) N-Met-Arg-Phe-Gly-Cy-C 
D) N-Met-Asp-Phe-Gly-Trp-C 
E) N-Arg-Phe-Gly-Stop-C 
A) 5′-Met-Arg-Phe-Gly-Stop-3′ 
B) C-Met-Arg-Leu-Glu-N 
C) N-Met-Arg-Phe-Gly-Cy-C 
D) N-Met-Asp-Phe-Gly-Trp-C 
E) N-Arg-Phe-Gly-Stop-C

Question 17

Khorana used synthetic mRNAs to determine genetic code possibilities.To do so,he translated synthetic mRNA in vitro in the presence of individual ¹⁴C-labeled amino acids.What polypeptide did he identify using the repeating dinucleotide Poly-UG?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Khorana used synthetic mRNAs to determine genetic...

Question 18

What reaction provides the energy for the eukaryotic ribosome to search for the start ATG during the process of scanning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What reaction provides the energy for the...

Question 19

Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat induced point mutations in the coat proteins of TMV and looked for mutations in the resulting proteins.By examining single-base changes in the mRNA,Conrat proved that

Accepted Answer

A) the genetic code is overlapping. 
B) the genetic code is nonoverlapping. 
C) the genetic code is redundant. 
D) there are 20 amino acids. 
E) the genetic code is triplet. 
A) the genetic code is overlapping. 
B) the genetic code is nonoverlapping. 
C) the genetic code is redundant. 
D) there are 20 amino acids. 
E) the genetic code is triplet.

Question 20

Using mathematical reasoning,a triplet genetic code gives a possible ________ different codons,while a doublet genetic code would yield ________ different codons.Thus,the triplet code accounts for 20 known amino acids and indicates redundancy in the genetic code.

Accepted Answer

64;16 (4ⁿ,

Exam 9: The Molecular Biology of Translation

What would you expect to find bound to the stop codon at the A site?

During elongation,where does the charged tRNA is recruited to which location on the ribosome?

What molecule provides the energy to form charged tRNAs?

Elongation factors translocate the ribosome in the 3′ direction by a distance of

How many different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases can be found in a given cell?

Identification of ribosomal proteins involved two-dimensional gel electrophoresis,which separates the proteins on the basis of

What process is targeted by the antibiotic streptomycin?

Which step in translation initiation is unique to eukaryotes?

________ help control ribosome formation and binding of the initiator tRNA.

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes show differences in posttranscriptional modifications of mRNA.What are these differences,and why do eukaryotes show more modifications than prokaryotes?

Which single-base mutation would insert a premature stop codon into the following protein sequence? N-Met-Gln-Leu-Arg-Cys-C

In the unlikely event that a tRNA has been charged with the wrong amino acid,what high-fidelity enzyme is likely to blame?

The preinitiation complex forms when the start codon is recognized through binding of 16srRNA and what region of mRNA?

Sidney Brenner proved that the triplet code is,in fact,nonoverlapping.Assuming a nonoverlapping code,how many complete codons would the following sequence encode before encountering a stop codon? 5′ - AUGCGAUUAUAGUGC - 3′

Given the following mRNA sequence,what is the amino acid sequence for the corresponding polypeptide? 5′ - AUG CGA UUU GGG UGC UAG - 3′

Khorana used synthetic mRNAs to determine genetic code possibilities.To do so,he translated synthetic mRNA in vitro in the presence of individual ¹⁴C-labeled amino acids.What polypeptide did he identify using the repeating dinucleotide Poly-UG?

What reaction provides the energy for the eukaryotic ribosome to search for the start ATG during the process of scanning?

Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat induced point mutations in the coat proteins of TMV and looked for mutations in the resulting proteins.By examining single-base changes in the mRNA,Conrat proved that

Using mathematical reasoning,a triplet genetic code gives a possible ________ different codons,while a doublet genetic code would yield ________ different codons.Thus,the triplet code accounts for 20 known amino acids and indicates redundancy in the genetic code.

The Molecular Basis of Heredity, Variation, and Evolution

Transmission Genetics

Cell Division and Chromosome Heredity

Gene Interaction

Genetic Linkage and Mapping in Eukaryotes

Genetic Analysis and Mapping in Bacteria and Bacteriophage

DNA Structure and Replication

Molecular Biology and Transcription and Rna Processing

The Integration of Genetic Approaches: Understanding Sickle Cell Disease

Chromosome Structure

Gene Mutation, DNA Repair, and Homologous Recombination

Chromosome Aberrations and Transposition

Regulation of Gene Expression in Bacteria and Bacteriophage

Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes

Forward Genetics and Recombinant DNA Technology

Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology and Reverse Genetics

Genomics: Genetics From a Whole-Genome Perspective

Cytoplasmic Inheritance and the Evolution of Organelle Genomes

Developmental Genetics

Genetic Analysis of Quantitative Traits

Population Genetics and Evolution

Filters

Using mathematical reasoning,a triplet genetic code gives a possible different codons,while a doublet genetic code would yield different codons.Thus,the triplet code accounts for 20 known amino acids and indicates redundancy in the genetic code.