Question 1

Van Koppen and Lochun (1997)found which descriptor was reported with 100% accuracy?

Accepted Answer

A) age 
B) sex 
C) race 
D) height 
E) weight 
A) age 
B) sex 
C) race 
D) height 
E) weight

Question 2

When the perpetrator is the same race as the witness,this tends to lead to:

Accepted Answer

A) lower false positives and higher true negatives relative to other-race identifications. 
B) higher false identifications and lower correct rejections than other-race identifications. 
C) higher foil identifications and higher false negatives than other-race identifications. 
D) lower false identifications as well as lower true positives relative to other-race identifications. 
E) higher correct identifications and lower false positives than other-race identifications. 
A) lower false positives and higher true negatives relative to other-race identifications. 
B) higher false identifications and lower correct rejections than other-race identifications. 
C) higher foil identifications and higher false negatives than other-race identifications. 
D) lower false identifications as well as lower true positives relative to other-race identifications. 
E) higher correct identifications and lower false positives than other-race identifications.

Question 3

Dr.Sander wants to conduct an experiment to examine whether memory is better for events that are witnessed versus events one is directly involved in.He sets up a staged event where participants arrive in groups of three to his study (one is a confederate),are asked to take out their wallets to show their photo ID,followed by the confederate who steals one participant's wallet and runs off down the hall.Both participants (the witness and the victim)are questioned by campus security separately about what happened,and asked to identify the suspect out of a photo lineup. In this example,the dependent variable is:

Accepted Answer

A) What the confederate stole from the participant 
B) Whether the memory is reported by a victim or a witness 
C) How the participants were interviewed about the "crime" 
D) Whether there were differences in correct or false identifications 
E) How much information the participants reported 
A) What the confederate stole from the participant 
B) Whether the memory is reported by a victim or a witness 
C) How the participants were interviewed about the "crime" 
D) Whether there were differences in correct or false identifications 
E) How much information the participants reported

Question 4

Youssef has just viewed a target-absent lineup,but he identified an innocent suspect as the perpetrator.What sort of decision has this eyewitness just made?

Accepted Answer

A) a correct identification 
B) a false rejection 
C) a foil identification 
D) a correct rejection 
E) a false identification 
A) a correct identification 
B) a false rejection 
C) a foil identification 
D) a correct rejection 
E) a false identification

Question 5

Which of the following is not one of the legislative changes proposed in the Safer Witnesses Act in 2012?

Accepted Answer

A) Making it easier for witnesses in provincial programs to obtain new identities. 
B) Increasing the amount of time emergency protection may be provided to witnesses. 
C) Making the program available to members referred from National Defence and CSIS. 
D) Imposing new restrictions on the disclosure of information to make the program more secure. 
E) Implementation of more rigorous screening and personality testing procedures to assure selection of sui candidates. 
A) Making it easier for witnesses in provincial programs to obtain new identities. 
B) Increasing the amount of time emergency protection may be provided to witnesses. 
C) Making the program available to members referred from National Defence and CSIS. 
D) Imposing new restrictions on the disclosure of information to make the program more secure. 
E) Implementation of more rigorous screening and personality testing procedures to assure selection of sui candidates.

Question 6

What type of decision is not possible with a target-present lineup?

Accepted Answer

A) correct identification 
B) foil identification 
C) false rejection 
D) false identification 
E) All of the above are possible identification decisions with the target-present lineup. 
A) correct identification 
B) foil identification 
C) false rejection 
D) false identification 
E) All of the above are possible identification decisions with the target-present lineup.

Question 7

The belief that the misinformation effect results from a confusion between the accurate original memory and the inaccurate memory (as they can remember both but can't remember where each memory came from)is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) the encoding rejection hypothesis 
B) the source misattribution hypothesis 
C) the memory impairment hypothesis 
D) the misinformation acceptance hypothesis 
E) the reconstructive memory hypothesis 
A) the encoding rejection hypothesis 
B) the source misattribution hypothesis 
C) the memory impairment hypothesis 
D) the misinformation acceptance hypothesis 
E) the reconstructive memory hypothesis

Question 8

Which of the following statements is not correct concerning the outcome of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) More information is recalled. 
B) Participants report relatively more accurate information and less inaccurate information. 
C) Participants express a high degree of confidence in their memory reports. 
D) It is not possible to determine which statements are erroneous and which are correct. 
E) reinstating context,recalling,recognizing,and forgetting 
F)Age regression can be a technique used in hypnosis. 
A) More information is recalled. 
B) Participants report relatively more accurate information and less inaccurate information. 
C) Participants express a high degree of confidence in their memory reports. 
D) It is not possible to determine which statements are erroneous and which are correct. 
E) reinstating context,recalling,recognizing,and forgetting 
F)Age regression can be a technique used in hypnosis.

Question 9

All of the following are recommendations made during the Sophonow inquiry concerning proper lineup procedures,except:

Accepted Answer

A) Officers should not discuss a witness's identification decision with him or her. 
B) Officers should inform witnesses that it is just as important to clear innocent suspects as it is to identify guilty suspects. 
C) The photo lineup procedure with the witness should be videotaped or audiotaped. 
D) All photo and in-person lineups should be timed,as witnesses who are accurate should be able to identify the perpetrator immediately. 
E) The photo lineup should be presented sequentially. 
A) Officers should not discuss a witness's identification decision with him or her. 
B) Officers should inform witnesses that it is just as important to clear innocent suspects as it is to identify guilty suspects. 
C) The photo lineup procedure with the witness should be videotaped or audiotaped. 
D) All photo and in-person lineups should be timed,as witnesses who are accurate should be able to identify the perpetrator immediately. 
E) The photo lineup should be presented sequentially.

Question 10

Susan is being questioned by police after she witnessed a man rob a convenience store.The police are asking her questions about the perpetrator's appearance,and she finds that all she can remember is that the man had a gun.What is the term used to describe this recall situation?

Accepted Answer

A) recall obstruction hypothesis 
B) retrieval impairment hypothesis 
C) weapon focus effect 
D) central superiority hypothesis 
E) peripheral inferiority effect 
A) recall obstruction hypothesis 
B) retrieval impairment hypothesis 
C) weapon focus effect 
D) central superiority hypothesis 
E) peripheral inferiority effect

Question 11

A witness who is testifying about what she remembers during a convenience store robbery is using what type of memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Repressed memory 
B) Recognition memory 
C) Recall memory 
D) Refreshed memory 
E) Reinstated memory 
A) Repressed memory 
B) Recognition memory 
C) Recall memory 
D) Refreshed memory 
E) Reinstated memory

Question 12

What increases the likelihood that innocent suspects may be wrongfully identified in a lineup?

Accepted Answer

A) having the suspect wear similar clothing to that worn by the culprit 
B) implying the criminal is in the lineup 
C) asking the witness specifically about the suspect and not about the other lineup members 
D) using a simultaneous lineup procedure 
E) all of the above 
A) having the suspect wear similar clothing to that worn by the culprit 
B) implying the criminal is in the lineup 
C) asking the witness specifically about the suspect and not about the other lineup members 
D) using a simultaneous lineup procedure 
E) all of the above

Question 13

Which of the following explanations for the cross-race effect is most supported by empirical research?

Accepted Answer

A) the prejudice hypothesis 
B) the cue-utilization hypothesis 
C) the unusualness hypothesis 
D) the interracial contact hypothesis 
E) the physiognomic homogeneity hypothesis 
A) the prejudice hypothesis 
B) the cue-utilization hypothesis 
C) the unusualness hypothesis 
D) the interracial contact hypothesis 
E) the physiognomic homogeneity hypothesis

Exam 5: A: Eyewitness Testimony

Van Koppen and Lochun (1997)found which descriptor was reported with 100% accuracy?

When the perpetrator is the same race as the witness,this tends to lead to:

Youssef has just viewed a target-absent lineup,but he identified an innocent suspect as the perpetrator.What sort of decision has this eyewitness just made?

Which of the following is not one of the legislative changes proposed in the Safer Witnesses Act in 2012?

What type of decision is not possible with a target-present lineup?

The belief that the misinformation effect results from a confusion between the accurate original memory and the inaccurate memory (as they can remember both but can't remember where each memory came from)is referred to as:

Which of the following statements is not correct concerning the outcome of hypnosis?

All of the following are recommendations made during the Sophonow inquiry concerning proper lineup procedures,except:

Susan is being questioned by police after she witnessed a man rob a convenience store.The police are asking her questions about the perpetrator's appearance,and she finds that all she can remember is that the man had a gun.What is the term used to describe this recall situation?

A witness who is testifying about what she remembers during a convenience store robbery is using what type of memory?

What increases the likelihood that innocent suspects may be wrongfully identified in a lineup?

Which of the following explanations for the cross-race effect is most supported by empirical research?

A: An Introduction to Forensic Psychology

B: An Introduction to Forensic Psychology

A: Police Psychology

B: Police Psychology

A: The Psychology of Police Investigations

B: The Psychology of Police Investigations

A: Deception

B: Deception

B: Eyewitness Testimony

A: Child Victims and Witnesses

B: Child Victims and Witnesses

A: Juries: Fact Finders

B: Juries: Fact Finders

A: The Role of Mental Illness in Court

B: The Role of Mental Illness in Court

A: Sentencing and Parole in Canada

B: Sentencing and Parole in Canada

A: Risk Assessment

B: Risk Assessment

A: Psychopaths

B: Psychopaths

A: Assessment and Treatment of Young Offenders

B: Assessment and Treatment of Young Offenders

A: Intimate Partner Violence

B: Intimate Partner Violence

A: Sexual Offenders

B: Sexual Offenders

A: Homicidal Offenders

B: Homicidal Offenders

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