Exam 13: Evolution and Development

Although many human characters are neotenous compared to a chimpanzee,head growth is not.In the fetus of both species,brain and head growth start at approximately the same developmental stage and progress at the same rate.Soon after birth,chimpanzee brain and head growth stops.Human brain and head growth continues for several years after birth.Thus,relative to head growth,reproduction is occurring at a later stage.Assuming that chimpanzees represent the ancestral condition,explain what type of heterochrony humans have in brain development.

The stage in which in all three groups are least similar is

The scala naturae is the

Von Baer proposed that diagnostic traits for distinguishing species among vertebrates appear at the

Imagine that a researcher replaced the MADS-box AP1 gene with the MADS-box AG gene.One possible effect on flowers would be

Which of the following stages is most similar across all three groups?

Parallelism in development

The figure above shows the number of Hox gene clusters in different groups of animals.Which of the following is a true statement regarding the number of clusters in each group?

Process C in the figure above is an example of

How can changes in genetic enhancers affect morphology?

With recapitulation,a somatic trait can appear

Does all life evolve from simple to complex? Explain.

Process B in the figure above is an example of

How does facultative neoteny in other species support the paedomorph advantage hypothesis for axolotls?

The process in A in the figure above is an example of

Based on the figures below,how are transcription factors like a switch?

A totipotent cell

Paedomorphosis may involve

By transferring neural crest cells from a duck to a quail and vice versa,Schneider and Helms demonstrated that

According to the phylogeny in the figure below,which of the following statements is true?