Exam 9: Evolution at Multiple Loci

A species of lotus produces a nearly continuous spectrum of flower colors,ranging from white to deep red.The color of the flower is determined by 10 loci,each with two codominant alleles.What concept does this example illustrate?

In a population of dragonflies,wing structure is determined by two loci (A,B),each with two alleles (Aa,Bb).Abnormal wings are produced in aa individuals unless they possess at least one B allele.This is an example of

The figure above demonstrates that Hardy-Weinberg frequencies are

If recombination between locus A and locus B is 0.15,and the initial value of linkage disequilibrium is 0.20,what will the value of linkage disequilibrium be after one generation of recombination? Show your work.

In the figure above,each new line represents the frequency of a new beneficial mutation.The figure describes the process of

Consider a population with two loci (A,B),each with two alleles (A,a; B,b).What are the haplotype frequencies in this population if the allele frequencies are A = 0.5,a = 0.5,B = 0.7,b = 0.3?

The observation of an offspring phenotype outside of the range of parental phenotypes is most likely due to

Explain why one cannot compare the estimated heritability of intelligence tests from different populations from the United States.

The rediscovery of Mendelian inheritance caused increased scrutiny of Darwin's theory of natural selection because of an apparent conflict in the two concepts.This conflict was based on the observation that Darwin focused on continuous traits,whereas Mendelian genetics deals with

A study of susceptibility to major depressive disorder in monozygotic twins separated at birth revealed that the broad-sense heritability of this trait is 0.10,and its total phenotypic variance is 0.25.What is the variance of the genotypic value of this disorder? Show your work.

In the figure above,a new beneficial allele,B,arises on a chromosome containing the ordered loci A,B,C,D,and E,depicted in the top panel.After reproduction,those chromosomes possessing the B allele increase in frequency.Over time,recombination breaks up the association of the B allele with the A,C,D,and E alleles.Assuming that the five loci are spaced evenly along the chromosome,the first pair of allele combinations to be broken up will be

Selection can generate novel phenotypes by

Why would we expect genotypic adaptive landscapes to have rugged contours?

Genotypic adaptive landscapes may better represent true adaptive landscapes than phenotypic adaptive landscapes when

What is the largest possible value that linkage disequilibrium can reach if all allele frequencies are 0.5?

Understanding phenotype-genotype relationships is difficult because of

Explain why a population may never reach its most fit phenotype.

Consider two loci (A,B)each with two alleles (Aa,Bb).The frequency (f)of A is known to be 0.3,the frequency (f)of b is known to be 0.25,and the coefficient of linkage disequilibrium (D)between loci A and B is known to be 0.15.What is the expected haplotype frequency of hₐB? Please show your work.

Which of the following processes that can create linkage disequilibrium is illustrated in the figure below?

In Lake Malawi cichlid fish,one can observe two color variants,Black Barred (BB)and Orange Blotch (OB).Sex in these fish is not determined by a sex chromosome but by a gene on an autosome,which produces either males or females.Both of these phenotypes are controlled by one biallelic locus each.OB females have a selective advantage in terms of their survivability: The OB phenotype allows females to blend into their background.OB males have a selective disadvantage because their reproductive coloration is disrupted and they have little mating success.How would this process influence the association of alleles at the color locus and sex determining locus?