Exam 6: Learning

Explain how a specific phobia could be acquired through classical conditioning,being sure to identify the unconditioned stimulus,unconditioned response,conditioned stimulus,and conditioned response in your example.Also,using classical conditioning,indicate how the phobia could be eliminated.

Group A rats receive 30 paired buzzer-shock trials.Group B rats get the same,but also 20 more trials with shock alone (no buzzer).You would predict that

Given the same overall frequency of reinforcement on a fixed and a variable schedule of reinforcement,you should predict that the variable reinforcement schedule will tend to produce

You are watching a pigeon pecking a disk in a small chamber.There is a cumulative recorder connected to the disk.While you are watching,the pigeon is pecking at a slow,steady rate.Based on this information,you can predict that the line on the cumulative recorder will

When a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus,it is called

____________________ conditioning is a form of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences.

A cue light comes on in the dog's shuttle box.The dog jumps the hurdle to the other side.What procedure is being used?

In the Little Albert experiment on conditioned emotional responses,the conditioned stimulus was

A student who studies in order to earn high grades is working for ____; a student who studies in order to avoid low grades is working for ____.

Discuss the nature and importance of observational learning and discuss Bandura's view on whether reinforcement affects learning or performance.

A salesperson earns a commission for each item of clothing she sells.Commission on the clothing sales is an example of which type of reinforcement schedule?

Charity used to really enjoy potato salad,and at a family reunion she ate a large helping.Unfortunately,the potato salad had not been kept cold,and Charity became quite ill after eating it.Now she finds that even the sight of potatoes in the grocery store can make her feel sick to her stomach.In this example,the sick feeling Charity experiences when she sees potatoes in the grocery store is

Bart developed a severe fear of flying when he was piloting a small plan through some severe turbulence.He has been seeing a therapist,and it appears that his fear response has been successfully extinguished.The therapist used a flight simulator to help Bart practice his piloting skills in a safe setting.However,the first time Bart stepped back into a real plane,his fear returned.This example illustrates the phenomenon known as

Tammy finds writing papers to be a very aversive task.As a result she always checks out the requirements for all her classes before she registers and never takes classes that require term papers,Tammy's behavior is an example of

When a conditioned response shows spontaneous recovery,the rejuvenated response typically

Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which

Immediately after being reinforced,a rat on which schedule of reinforcement would show the longest pause before its next response?

If a baseball player who has been in a batting slump for several weeks alters his batting stance and wears a new batting glove one day and gets three hits,the cognitive explanation of conditioning suggests that for the next game,the baseball player will continue to

According to Albert Bandura,expectations concerning reinforcement primarily influence the probability of an individual

After owning a car with a manual transmission,Don buys a car with an automatic transmission.When first driving his new car,he keeps reaching for the nonexistent clutch and gearshift.This is an example of