Question 1

The fact that people tend to overestimate the improbable has been attributed to the operation of the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

availabili

Question 2

Kanzi's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

Accepted Answer

A)  neither syntax nor semantics. 
B)  semantics, but not syntax. 
C)  both syntax and semantics. 
D)  syntax, but not semantics. 
A)  neither syntax nor semantics. 
B)  semantics, but not syntax. 
C)  both syntax and semantics. 
D)  syntax, but not semantics.

Question 3

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

Accepted Answer

A)  morphemes. 
B)  phonemes. 
C)  sounds. 
D)  words. 
A)  morphemes. 
B)  phonemes. 
C)  sounds. 
D)  words.

Question 4

According to Skinner,children learn a language

Accepted Answer

A)  because they possess an innate language acquisition device. 
B)  through imitation, reinforcement, and shaping. 
C)  as the quality of their thought improves with age. 
D)  only when they have reached a certain level of brain maturation. 
A)  because they possess an innate language acquisition device. 
B)  through imitation, reinforcement, and shaping. 
C)  as the quality of their thought improves with age. 
D)  only when they have reached a certain level of brain maturation.

Question 5

After the first word is spoken,

Accepted Answer

A)  vocabulary immediately grows at an extremely rapid pace. 
B)  further increases in vocabulary occur very slowly and steadily. 
C)  vocabulary growth is slow for several months and then speeds up dramatically. 
D)  no further vocabulary growth takes place until around 18 months. 
A)  vocabulary immediately grows at an extremely rapid pace. 
B)  further increases in vocabulary occur very slowly and steadily. 
C)  vocabulary growth is slow for several months and then speeds up dramatically. 
D)  no further vocabulary growth takes place until around 18 months.

Question 6

A methodical,step by step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem is

Accepted Answer

A)  an algorithm. 
B)  a heuristic. 
C)  a mental set. 
D)  a syllogism. 
A)  an algorithm. 
B)  a heuristic. 
C)  a mental set. 
D)  a syllogism.

Question 7

Salvador hates to work through the problems on his calculus assignments step-by-step,and he often tries shortcuts that might save him some time.It appears that Salvador prefers to use

Accepted Answer

A)  algorithms rather than heuristics in solving calculus problems. 
B)  functional fixedness in solving calculus problems. 
C)  heuristics rather than algorithms in solving calculus problems. 
D)  analogies in solving calculus problems. 
A)  algorithms rather than heuristics in solving calculus problems. 
B)  functional fixedness in solving calculus problems. 
C)  heuristics rather than algorithms in solving calculus problems. 
D)  analogies in solving calculus problems.

Question 8

Diagrams sometimes facilitate problem-solving because they

Accepted Answer

A)  aid in the search for analogies. 
B)  make it easier to execute algorithms. 
C)  change the representation of the problem. 
D)  relax constraints on problem solutions. 
A)  aid in the search for analogies. 
B)  make it easier to execute algorithms. 
C)  change the representation of the problem. 
D)  relax constraints on problem solutions.

Question 9

The incubation effect is thought to occur because

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain absorbs new problem solving strategies during sleep. 
B)  people become more logical over time. 
C)  newborn babies are excellent problem-solvers. 
D)  people work on problems at an unconscious level. 
A)  the brain absorbs new problem solving strategies during sleep. 
B)  people become more logical over time. 
C)  newborn babies are excellent problem-solvers. 
D)  people work on problems at an unconscious level.

Question 10

____________________ theories argue that the neural circuits supporting language are not prewired,but develop gradually in response to language learning experiences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ theories argue that the neural circuits...

Question 11

Lance is trying to solve a complex anagram puzzle.He systematically tries every potential solution by testing each possible combination of the letters provided.In this case,Lance is

Accepted Answer

A)  working backward to solve the anagram. 
B)  using an algorithm to solve the anagram. 
C)  using a heuristic to solve the anagram. 
D)  using means-ends analysis to solve the anagram. 
A)  working backward to solve the anagram. 
B)  using an algorithm to solve the anagram. 
C)  using a heuristic to solve the anagram. 
D)  using means-ends analysis to solve the anagram.

Question 12

The 1950s brought a "cognitive revolution" in psychology because

Accepted Answer

A)  some theorists recognized that an exclusive focus on observable behavior would yield an incomplete picture of human functioning. 
B)  it was finally recognized that cognition is a uniquely human capability. 
C)  introspection became more objective and reliable as a research tool. 
D)  behaviorists recognized that language could not be studied objectively. 
A)  some theorists recognized that an exclusive focus on observable behavior would yield an incomplete picture of human functioning. 
B)  it was finally recognized that cognition is a uniquely human capability. 
C)  introspection became more objective and reliable as a research tool. 
D)  behaviorists recognized that language could not be studied objectively.

Question 13

Joe is a bilingual elementary school student.Relative to his monolingual peers,Joe is likely to excel on tasks requiring

Accepted Answer

A)  working memory. 
B)  processing speed. 
C)  social intelligence. 
D)  vocabulary. 
A)  working memory. 
B)  processing speed. 
C)  social intelligence. 
D)  vocabulary.

Question 14

When a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than the word is meant to describe,the child is making an error of

Accepted Answer

A)  overregularization. 
B)  overextension. 
C)  underextension. 
D)  fast mapping. 
A)  overregularization. 
B)  overextension. 
C)  underextension. 
D)  fast mapping.

Question 15

Subjective utility refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the expected value of an outcome. 
B)  what an outcome is personally worth to an individual. 
C)  a personal estimate of what the probability of an outcome is. 
D)  an individual's willingness to take risks. 
A)  the expected value of an outcome. 
B)  what an outcome is personally worth to an individual. 
C)  a personal estimate of what the probability of an outcome is. 
D)  an individual's willingness to take risks.

Question 16

When your initial attempts to solve a problem are unsuccessful,it is a good strategy to

Accepted Answer

A)  remove unnecessary constraints. 
B)  reevaluate your subgoals. 
C)  represent the problem in a different way. 
D)  switch to the trial and error approach. 
A)  remove unnecessary constraints. 
B)  reevaluate your subgoals. 
C)  represent the problem in a different way. 
D)  switch to the trial and error approach.

Question 17

The sentence,"The nervous the stared thick at exam student" would be virtually impossible for an English speaker to understand because the sentence violates the rules of English

Accepted Answer

A)  psycholinguistics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  phonemes. 
A)  psycholinguistics. 
B)  syntax. 
C)  morphemes. 
D)  phonemes.

Question 18

Telegraphic speech normally includes only

Accepted Answer

A)  nouns. 
B)  verbs. 
C)  nouns and verbs. 
D)  nouns, verbs, and articles. 
A)  nouns. 
B)  verbs. 
C)  nouns and verbs. 
D)  nouns, verbs, and articles.

Question 19

Fred needs major heart surgery,and he has consulted with two doctors about the operation.Dr.Marx tells Fred he has a 90% chance of surviving the surgery; Dr.Scalli tells Fred there is a 10% chance that he won't survive the surgery.Based on Kahneman and Tversky's research,

Accepted Answer

A)  Fred is most likely to let Dr. Scalli perform the operation. 
B)  Fred will probably avoid making a decision until it is too late. 
C)  Fred is most likely to let Dr. Marx perform the operation. 
D)  Fred won't care who does the surgery because both doctors have presented the same information. 
A)  Fred is most likely to let Dr. Scalli perform the operation. 
B)  Fred will probably avoid making a decision until it is too late. 
C)  Fred is most likely to let Dr. Marx perform the operation. 
D)  Fred won't care who does the surgery because both doctors have presented the same information.

Question 20

Observing the similarities between a new problem to be solved and one you've successfully solved in the past is called

Accepted Answer

A)  an algorithm. 
B)  searching for analogies. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  the alternative outcomes effect. 
A)  an algorithm. 
B)  searching for analogies. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  the alternative outcomes effect.

The fact that people tend to overestimate the improbable has been attributed to the operation of the ____________________.

Kanzi's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

According to Skinner,children learn a language

After the first word is spoken,

A methodical,step by step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem is

Salvador hates to work through the problems on his calculus assignments step-by-step,and he often tries shortcuts that might save him some time.It appears that Salvador prefers to use

Diagrams sometimes facilitate problem-solving because they

The incubation effect is thought to occur because

____________________ theories argue that the neural circuits supporting language are not prewired,but develop gradually in response to language learning experiences.

Lance is trying to solve a complex anagram puzzle.He systematically tries every potential solution by testing each possible combination of the letters provided.In this case,Lance is

The 1950s brought a "cognitive revolution" in psychology because

Joe is a bilingual elementary school student.Relative to his monolingual peers,Joe is likely to excel on tasks requiring

When a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than the word is meant to describe,the child is making an error of

Subjective utility refers to

When your initial attempts to solve a problem are unsuccessful,it is a good strategy to

The sentence,"The nervous the stared thick at exam student" would be virtually impossible for an English speaker to understand because the sentence violates the rules of English

Telegraphic speech normally includes only

Fred needs major heart surgery,and he has consulted with two doctors about the operation.Dr.Marx tells Fred he has a 90% chance of surviving the surgery; Dr.Scalli tells Fred there is a 10% chance that he won't survive the surgery.Based on Kahneman and Tversky's research,

Observing the similarities between a new problem to be solved and one you've successfully solved in the past is called

The Evolution of Psychology

The Research Enterprise in Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Intelligence and Psychological Testing

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress,Coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Statistical Methods

Industrial organizational Psychology

Psychology and Environmental Sustainability: Conservation Psychology

Filters

Exam 8: Language and Thought

The fact that people tend to overestimate the improbable has been attributed to the operation of the ____________________.

Kanzi's ability to distinguish between "Pour the Coke in the lemonade" and "Pour the lemonade in the Coke" illustrates an understanding of

The smallest speech units in a language that can be distinguished perceptually are

According to Skinner,children learn a language

After the first word is spoken,

A methodical,step by step procedure for trying all possible alternatives in searching for a solution to a problem is

Salvador hates to work through the problems on his calculus assignments step-by-step,and he often tries shortcuts that might save him some time.It appears that Salvador prefers to use

Diagrams sometimes facilitate problem-solving because they

The incubation effect is thought to occur because

____________________ theories argue that the neural circuits supporting language are not prewired,but develop gradually in response to language learning experiences.

Lance is trying to solve a complex anagram puzzle.He systematically tries every potential solution by testing each possible combination of the letters provided.In this case,Lance is

The 1950s brought a "cognitive revolution" in psychology because

Joe is a bilingual elementary school student.Relative to his monolingual peers,Joe is likely to excel on tasks requiring

When a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than the word is meant to describe,the child is making an error of

Subjective utility refers to

When your initial attempts to solve a problem are unsuccessful,it is a good strategy to

The sentence,"The nervous the stared thick at exam student" would be virtually impossible for an English speaker to understand because the sentence violates the rules of English

Telegraphic speech normally includes only

Fred needs major heart surgery,and he has consulted with two doctors about the operation.Dr.Marx tells Fred he has a 90% chance of surviving the surgery; Dr.Scalli tells Fred there is a 10% chance that he won't survive the surgery.Based on Kahneman and Tversky's research,

Observing the similarities between a new problem to be solved and one you've successfully solved in the past is called

The Evolution of Psychology

The Research Enterprise in Psychology

The Biological Bases of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Variations in Consciousness

Learning

Human Memory

Intelligence and Psychological Testing

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development Across the Life Span

Personality

Social Behavior

Stress,Coping,and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Statistical Methods

Industrial organizational Psychology

Psychology and Environmental Sustainability: Conservation Psychology

Filters