Exam 8: Language and Thought

When trying to decide between two different choices of sandwiches for lunch Suzi can use a variety of strategies,including an additive strategy in which she gradually adds less attractive choices to her elimination list and an elimination strategy in which she will gradually eliminate the attributes that will allow her to eliminate the numerous choices until she has one remaining.

Symbols that convey meaning,plus rules for combining those symbols that can be used to generate an infinite variety of messages are known as

Dr.Grath believes that both an innate predisposition and a supportive environment contribute to language development.Dr.Grath's views are most consistent with those of

Semantics is the component of language concerned with

Briefly describe the types of errors that children make during their first attempts at language use.

People generally prefer a choice that provides an 80 percent chance of success over one that provides a 19 percent chance of failure.This illustrates the effect of

Evidence from research studies investigating bilingualism suggests that

The component of language that would be evident if an individual recognizes that "give" and "take" have opposite meanings is

Maribel is on a jury,and she is already convinced that the defendant in the case is not guilty.She listens very attentively to everything the defense attorneys have to say,but she tends to pay less attention when the prosecution is presenting evidence.In this instance,Maribel is showing evidence of

If you enjoy a day at the racetrack and don't really care if you end up with a little more or little less money at the end of the day,your behavior is most influenced by the ____ you put on your day's entertainment.

Results from studies in which researchers have attempted to teach chimpanzees to use non-verbal language (i.e.,sign language or communication boards)indicate that

When the word "oat" is changed to the word "boat," the number of

Last year,5-year-old Alonda would say "No he coming" when explaining to her younger sister that their older brother would be staying home.Now Alonda will tell her sister "He's not coming." This example illustrates that Alonda has made gains in her use of

How would Chomsky most likely explain a young child saying,"I runned around the house?"

Wilson is watching two different roulette-type games at a local charity bazaar.Each game costs $1.00 to play.In one game there are ten different numbers,and if the number he selects comes up,he will win $12.00.In the other game there are 100 different numbers,but if the number he selects comes up,he will win $50.00.Based on expected value theory,Wilson should

Since one of the main goals of playing Scrabble is to use your letters to form long words (the longer the word,the more points you score),Scrabble can best be described as a game that involves a problem of

According to dual-process theories of decision-making,when complicated or important decisions need to be made people use

Compared to older children and adults,young children appear to be ____________________ vulnerable to functional fixedness because they have less knowledge about typical uses for various objects.

Recent research suggests that bilingual persons learn another language ___________ monolingual persons.

During a recent election campaign,the incumbent stated: "Only uninformed individuals who have no understanding of basic economics would disagree with my state budget proposal." This incumbent is apparently trying to shape public opinion through the use of