Question 1

In what way(s)are the muscle arrangements in the body wall of earthworms similar to those of the human digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Both exhibit peristaltic waves of contractions. 
B) Both are organized into layers of circular and transverse muscles 
C) Both consist of striated muscle. 
D) all of the above 
A) Both exhibit peristaltic waves of contractions. 
B) Both are organized into layers of circular and transverse muscles 
C) Both consist of striated muscle. 
D) all of the above

Question 2

Describe the relationship between activity/diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Accepted Answer

Until recently,humans evolved on a high-

Question 3

During the latter stages of long-distance reproductive migrations,salmon resort to___________ as an energy source.

Accepted Answer

A) Lipid stores 
B) ingested food 
C) endogenous proteins 
D) nucleic acids 
A) Lipid stores 
B) ingested food 
C) endogenous proteins 
D) nucleic acids

Question 4

Among animals in the following list,the phenomenon of drag has the most pronounced effect on the locomotion of a

Accepted Answer

A) kangaroo. 
B) bat. 
C) sparrow. 
D) trout. 
A) kangaroo. 
B) bat. 
C) sparrow. 
D) trout.

Question 5

As a general rule,in temperate regions the most important environmental cue that triggers migration is

Accepted Answer

A) photoperiod. 
B) temperature change. 
C) change in food quality and abundance. 
D) all of the above 
A) photoperiod. 
B) temperature change. 
C) change in food quality and abundance. 
D) all of the above

Question 6

All but one of the statements correctly describes T2DM;which one is it?

Accepted Answer

A) T2DM is a metabolic disorder,likely linked to the current lifestyle of humans being at odds with the evolution of our physiology. 
B) In T2DM,more glucose is taken up by adipose tissue and converted to fat. 
C) In T2DM,tissues become unresponsive to insulin. 
D) In T2DM,insulin is produced by the liver in response to higher glucose levels in the blood. 
A) T2DM is a metabolic disorder,likely linked to the current lifestyle of humans being at odds with the evolution of our physiology. 
B) In T2DM,more glucose is taken up by adipose tissue and converted to fat. 
C) In T2DM,tissues become unresponsive to insulin. 
D) In T2DM,insulin is produced by the liver in response to higher glucose levels in the blood.

Question 7

In most animals,the organization of muscles and bones of locomotion into a system of levers

Accepted Answer

A) confers significant mechanical advantage. 
B) increases the range and velocity of movement. 
C) is functionally analogous to a wheelbarrow-type lever. 
D) is functionally analogous to a crowbar-type lever. 
A) confers significant mechanical advantage. 
B) increases the range and velocity of movement. 
C) is functionally analogous to a wheelbarrow-type lever. 
D) is functionally analogous to a crowbar-type lever.

Question 8

True flight has arisen in

Accepted Answer

A) birds and reptiles. 
B) mammals. 
C) insects. 
D) all of the above 
A) birds and reptiles. 
B) mammals. 
C) insects. 
D) all of the above

Question 9

Which of the following organisms would have the largest Reynolds number?

Accepted Answer

A) copepod 
B) minnow 
C) tuna 
D) whale 
A) copepod 
B) minnow 
C) tuna 
D) whale

Question 10

__________ is the element of the physical environment that has the greatest consequences for locomotor strategies.

Accepted Answer

A) Gravity 
B) Viscosity 
C) Resistance 
D) Turbulence 
A) Gravity 
B) Viscosity 
C) Resistance 
D) Turbulence

Question 11

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Small mammals are more constrained by evolutionary history than large mammals. 
B) In vertebrates,connective tissue and bones are the most important elastic energy stores. 
C) Collagen of small mammals has very different properties than collagen of large mammals. 
D) Smaller animals store more elastic energy during movement than larger animals. 
A) Small mammals are more constrained by evolutionary history than large mammals. 
B) In vertebrates,connective tissue and bones are the most important elastic energy stores. 
C) Collagen of small mammals has very different properties than collagen of large mammals. 
D) Smaller animals store more elastic energy during movement than larger animals.

Question 12

During peristaltic burrowing in earthworms,when the __________ muscles contract,the segment extends or lengthens.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During peristaltic burrowing in earthworms,when the __________...

Question 13

What is the relationship between glucose and triglycerides as skeletal muscle energy substrates as a function of activity level?

Accepted Answer

During low to moderate activity,glucose

Question 14

Sharks and rays increase their buoyancy by accumulating __________ in their livers.

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) squalene 
C) triglycerides 
D) wax esters 
A) cholesterol 
B) squalene 
C) triglycerides 
D) wax esters

Question 15

Which muscle powers the downstroke in bird flight?

Accepted Answer

A) brachioradialis 
B) triceps 
C) pectoralis 
D) supracoracoideus 
A) brachioradialis 
B) triceps 
C) pectoralis 
D) supracoracoideus

Question 16

Describe the organization of the locomotor white muscles of fish as well as the direction of the contractile forces.

Accepted Answer

The white muscle fibers are organized in

Question 17

Earthworms organize locomotor striated muscles into __________ and __________ layers.

Accepted Answer

circular;l

Question 18

Invertebrate locomotor muscles are typically

Accepted Answer

A) striated. 
B) smooth. 
C) discontinuous. 
D) pseudostriated. 
A) striated. 
B) smooth. 
C) discontinuous. 
D) pseudostriated.

Question 19

One of the features of the Cori cycle is the

Accepted Answer

A) conversion of muscle-derived lactate into glucose by the liver. 
B) oxidation of lactate by the heart. 
C) conversion of lactate into glycogen by the muscle fibers. 
D) all of the above 
A) conversion of muscle-derived lactate into glucose by the liver. 
B) oxidation of lactate by the heart. 
C) conversion of lactate into glycogen by the muscle fibers. 
D) all of the above

Question 20

In adipose tissue,hormone-sensitive lipase

Accepted Answer

A) is controlled by corticotropin,epinephrine,and glucagon. 
B) is activated via the IP₃ pathway of signal transduction. 
C) regulates the docking of LDL and other lipoproteins. 
D) all of the above 
A) is controlled by corticotropin,epinephrine,and glucagon. 
B) is activated via the IP₃ pathway of signal transduction. 
C) regulates the docking of LDL and other lipoproteins. 
D) all of the above

In what way(s)are the muscle arrangements in the body wall of earthworms similar to those of the human digestive tract?

Describe the relationship between activity/diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

During the latter stages of long-distance reproductive migrations,salmon resort to___________ as an energy source.

Among animals in the following list,the phenomenon of drag has the most pronounced effect on the locomotion of a

As a general rule,in temperate regions the most important environmental cue that triggers migration is

All but one of the statements correctly describes T2DM;which one is it?

In most animals,the organization of muscles and bones of locomotion into a system of levers

True flight has arisen in

Which of the following organisms would have the largest Reynolds number?

__________ is the element of the physical environment that has the greatest consequences for locomotor strategies.

Which of the following statements is correct?

During peristaltic burrowing in earthworms,when the __________ muscles contract,the segment extends or lengthens.

What is the relationship between glucose and triglycerides as skeletal muscle energy substrates as a function of activity level?

Sharks and rays increase their buoyancy by accumulating __________ in their livers.

Which muscle powers the downstroke in bird flight?

Describe the organization of the locomotor white muscles of fish as well as the direction of the contractile forces.

Earthworms organize locomotor striated muscles into and layers.

Invertebrate locomotor muscles are typically

One of the features of the Cori cycle is the

In adipose tissue,hormone-sensitive lipase

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Cell Signaling and Endocrine Regulation

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

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Exam 12: Locomotion

In what way(s)are the muscle arrangements in the body wall of earthworms similar to those of the human digestive tract?

Describe the relationship between activity/diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

During the latter stages of long-distance reproductive migrations,salmon resort to___________ as an energy source.

Among animals in the following list,the phenomenon of drag has the most pronounced effect on the locomotion of a

As a general rule,in temperate regions the most important environmental cue that triggers migration is

All but one of the statements correctly describes T2DM;which one is it?

In most animals,the organization of muscles and bones of locomotion into a system of levers

True flight has arisen in

Which of the following organisms would have the largest Reynolds number?

__________ is the element of the physical environment that has the greatest consequences for locomotor strategies.

Which of the following statements is correct?

During peristaltic burrowing in earthworms,when the __________ muscles contract,the segment extends or lengthens.

What is the relationship between glucose and triglycerides as skeletal muscle energy substrates as a function of activity level?

Sharks and rays increase their buoyancy by accumulating __________ in their livers.

Which muscle powers the downstroke in bird flight?

Describe the organization of the locomotor white muscles of fish as well as the direction of the contractile forces.

Earthworms organize locomotor striated muscles into __________ and __________ layers.

Invertebrate locomotor muscles are typically

One of the features of the Cori cycle is the

In adipose tissue,hormone-sensitive lipase

Introduction to Physiological Principles

Physiological Evolution of Animals

Chemistry, biochemistry, and Cell Physiology

Cell Signaling and Endocrine Regulation

Neuron Structure and Function

Cellular Movement and Muscles

Sensory Systems

Functional Organization of Nervous Systems

Circulatory Systems

Immune Systems

Respiratory Systems

Ion and Water Balance

Digestion and Energy Metabolism

Thermal Physiology

Reproductive Physiology

Filters

Earthworms organize locomotor striated muscles into and layers.