Exam 12: Locomotion

All the muscles that are responsible for a type of movement,like those employed in bipedal walking,are grouped together into a __________.

__________ is the substrate used by both the mitochondria and in glycolysis to generate ATP.

Of the muscles employed by the mammalian hindlimb during walking,the __________ works in concert with others to flex the limb.

Muscles possess low levels of __________ that can be oxidized immediately.

The highest concentration of mitochondria per unit volume can be found in

True flight first arose in

The most important parameter in most forms of locomotion is

An important step in the recovery process of skeletal muscle is the removal of __________ that accumulates from the result of anaerobic glycolysis.

In fish,the pattern of the sequential activation of muscle contraction is known as __________ and is under the control of the central nervous system.

Hummingbirds can hover because

The cross-sectional view of the wings of birds and planes reveals a curved upper surface demonstrating both to be __________.

A fluid-filled internal chamber that supports the body of an animal is known as a __________.

Given two muscles of equal mass,a short,thick muscle and a long,thin muscle,one would expect the short,thick muscle to

Migratory excursions can be distinguished from other types of animal movements by

Describe the process of bone growth.

Which of the following biomaterials has the highest specific gravity?

Discuss the relationship between wing size and body mass in birds.

In the absence of oxygen,the only option for skeletal muscles to generate ATP is __________.

An important step in the recovery process of skeletal muscle is the removal of __________ that accumulates from the result of anaerobic glycolysis.

Animals often show elevated rates of oxygen consumption long after the cessation of exercise,a phenomenon called __________.