Question 1

________ is a state of very high intercorrelations among independent variables.

Accepted Answer

A) Hypercollinearity 
B) Partial collinearity 
C) Multicollinearity 
D) Variable collinearity 
A) Hypercollinearity 
B) Partial collinearity 
C) Multicollinearity 
D) Variable collinearity

Question 2

The product moment correlation, r2, is an index used to determine whether a linear, or straight-line, relationship exists between X and Y. It indicates the degree to which the variation in one variable, X, is related to the variation in another variable, Y.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A partial correlation coefficient measures the association between two variables after controlling for or adjusting for the effects of one or more additional variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The coefficient of multiple determination is adjusted for the number of dependent variables and the sample size to account for diminishing returns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In bivariate regression, which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination, r2?

Accepted Answer

A) r2 is the square of the simple correlation coefficient obtained by correlating the two variables. 
B) r2 varies between 0 and 1. 
C) r2 signifies the proportion of the total variation in Y accounted for by the variation in X. 
D) All are correct. 
A) r2 is the square of the simple correlation coefficient obtained by correlating the two variables. 
B) r2 varies between 0 and 1. 
C) r2 signifies the proportion of the total variation in Y accounted for by the variation in X. 
D) All are correct.

Question 6

In the absence of ties, Kendall's τ yields a closer approximation to the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, ρ, than Spearman's ρs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The purpose of stepwise regression is to select, from a large number of predictor variables, a small subset of variables that account for most of the variation in the dependent or criterion variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which statement is true about cross-validation.

Accepted Answer

A) It can be used for evaluating the model for chance variations in the data and other problems associated with regression. 
B) It examines whether the regression model continues to hold on comparable data not used in the estimation. 
C) A special form of validation is called double cross-validation where the sample is split into halves. 
D) All of the above statements are true. 
A) It can be used for evaluating the model for chance variations in the data and other problems associated with regression. 
B) It examines whether the regression model continues to hold on comparable data not used in the estimation. 
C) A special form of validation is called double cross-validation where the sample is split into halves. 
D) All of the above statements are true.

Question 9

Briefly explain how a scatter diagram benefits the researcher?

Accepted Answer

A scatter diagram is useful for determin

Question 10

The statistical significance of the linear relationship between X and Y may be tested by examining the hypotheses: H0: β1 ≠ 0; H1: β1 = 0.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When determining the statistical significance of the relationship between two variables measured by using r, the hypotheses to be tested are H0: ρ = 0 and H1:ρ ≠ 0

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Suppose a researcher wants to explain attitudes towards a respondent's city of residence in terms of duration of residence in the city. The attitude is measured on an 11-point scale and the duration of residence is measured in terms of the number of years the respondent has lived in the city. In a pretest of 12 respondents, the calculated t value for the correlation coefficient based on the data given is 8.414. The critical value of t for a two-tailed test and α = 0.05 is 2.228. r = .9361. What is the null hypothesis for this scenario? What do the results mean in terms of the null hypothesis and the correlation coefficient, r?

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis of no relationship b

Question 13

When fitting a straight line to a scattergram, the best-fitting line is called the regression line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The partial correlation coefficient is generally viewed as more important than the part correlation coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The partial correlation coefficient is a measure of the correlation between Y and X when the linear effects of the other independent variables have been removed from X but not from Y.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In the equation COVxy/ SxSy, Sx and Sy represent ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the standard deviation of X and Y 
B) the variances of X and Y 
C) the means of X and Y 
D) the strength of the effects of X and Y 
A) the standard deviation of X and Y 
B) the variances of X and Y 
C) the means of X and Y 
D) the strength of the effects of X and Y

Question 17

Stepwise procedures result in regression equations that are optimal, in the sense of producing the largest R2, for a given number of predictors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The equation for r is represented as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) COVxy/ Sx2Sy2  
B) SxSy/COV 
C) COVxy/ SxSy  
D) Sx2Sy2/COV 
A) COVxy/ Sx2Sy2  
B) SxSy/COV 
C) COVxy/ SxSy  
D) Sx2Sy2/COV

Question 19

Partial correlations have an order associated with them. The order indicates how many variables are being adjusted or controlled. The simple correlation coefficient, r, has a ________, as it does not control for any additional variables when measuring the association between two variables. The coefficient rsy.z is a ________ partial correlation coefficient, as it controls for the effect of one additional variable, Z.

Accepted Answer

A) zero-order; first-order 
B) zero-order; second-order 
C) first-order; second-order 
D) first-order; third-order 
A) zero-order; first-order 
B) zero-order; second-order 
C) first-order; second-order 
D) first-order; third-order

Question 20

The estimated parameter b is usually referred to as the non-standardized regression coefficient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Correlation and Regression

________ is a state of very high intercorrelations among independent variables.

The product moment correlation, r2, is an index used to determine whether a linear, or straight-line, relationship exists between X and Y. It indicates the degree to which the variation in one variable, X, is related to the variation in another variable, Y.

A partial correlation coefficient measures the association between two variables after controlling for or adjusting for the effects of one or more additional variables.

The coefficient of multiple determination is adjusted for the number of dependent variables and the sample size to account for diminishing returns.

In bivariate regression, which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination, r2?

In the absence of ties, Kendall's τ yields a closer approximation to the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, ρ, than Spearman's ρs.

The purpose of stepwise regression is to select, from a large number of predictor variables, a small subset of variables that account for most of the variation in the dependent or criterion variable.

Which statement is true about cross-validation.

Briefly explain how a scatter diagram benefits the researcher?

The statistical significance of the linear relationship between X and Y may be tested by examining the hypotheses: H0: β1 ≠ 0; H1: β1 = 0.

When determining the statistical significance of the relationship between two variables measured by using r, the hypotheses to be tested are H0: ρ = 0 and H1:ρ ≠ 0

When fitting a straight line to a scattergram, the best-fitting line is called the regression line.

The partial correlation coefficient is generally viewed as more important than the part correlation coefficient.

The partial correlation coefficient is a measure of the correlation between Y and X when the linear effects of the other independent variables have been removed from X but not from Y.

In the equation COVxy/ SxSy, Sx and Sy represent ________.

Stepwise procedures result in regression equations that are optimal, in the sense of producing the largest R2, for a given number of predictors.

The equation for r is represented as ________.

The estimated parameter b is usually referred to as the non-standardized regression coefficient.

Introduction to Marketing Research

Defining the Marketing Research Problem and Developing an Approach

Research Design

Exploratory Research Design: Secondary Data

Exploratory Research Design: Qualitative Research

Descriptive Research Design: Survey and Observation

Causal Research Design: Experimentation

Measurement and Scaling: Fundamentals and Comparative Scaling

Measurement and Scaling: Noncomparative Scaling Techniques

Questionnaire and Form Design

Sampling: Design and Procedures

Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Fieldwork

Data Preparation

Frequency Distribution, Cross-Tabulation, and Hypothesis Testing

Analysis of Variance and Covariance

Discriminant and Logit Analysis

Factor Analysis

Cluster Analysis

Multidimensional Scaling and Conjoint Analysis

Structural Equation Modeling and Path Analysis

Report Preparation and Presentation

International Marketing Research

Filters

The product moment correlation, r², is an index used to determine whether a linear, or straight-line, relationship exists between X and Y. It indicates the degree to which the variation in one variable, X, is related to the variation in another variable, Y.

In bivariate regression, which statement is true concerning the coefficient of determination, r²?

In the absence of ties, Kendall's τ yields a closer approximation to the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient, ρ, than Spearman's ρ_s.

The statistical significance of the linear relationship between X and Y may be tested by examining the hypotheses: H₀: β₁ ≠0; H₁: β₁=0.

When determining the statistical significance of the relationship between two variables measured by using r, the hypotheses to be tested are H₀: ρ = 0 and H₁:ρ ≠ 0

In the equation COV_xy/ S_xS_y, S_x and S_y represent ________.

Stepwise procedures result in regression equations that are optimal, in the sense of producing the largest R², for a given number of predictors.